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졸-겔 법으로 성장시킨 Nb가 첨가된 Bi<sub>4</sub>Ti<sub>3</sub>O<sub>12</sub> 박막의 미세구조와 전기적 성질
김상수,장기완,한창희,이호섭,김원정,최은경,박문흠,Kim, Sang-Su,Jang, Ki-Wan,Han, Chang-Hee,Lee, Ho-Sueb,Kim, Won-Jeong,Choi, Eun-Kyung,Park, Mun-Heum 한국재료학회 2003 한국재료학회지 Vol.13 No.5
Bismuth layered structure ferroelectric thin films, $Bi_4$$Ti_3$$O_{12}$ / (BTO) and Nb-doped BTO (BTN) were prepared on the Pt(111)/Ti/$SiO_2$/Si(100) substrates by a sol-gel route. We investigated the Nb-doping effect on the grain orientation and ferroelectric properties. $Nb^{5+}$ ion substitution for $Ti^{4+}$ ion in perovskite layers of BTO decreased the degree of c-axis orientation and increased the remanent polarization (2Pr). The fatigue resistance of Nb-doped BTO thin film was shown to be superior to that of BTO, and the leakage current of Nb-doped BTO thin film was decreased about 1 order of magnitude compared with BTO. The improvement of ferroelectric properties with $Nb^{5+}$ doping in BTO could be attributed to the changes in space charge densities and grain orientation in the thin film.
김상수,문성근,김태영,Kim, Sang Su,Moon, Seong Keun,Kim, Tae Young 대한신경외과학회 2001 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.30 No.7
The authors report a case of cholesterol granuloma in the sphoid sinus in 54-year old woman, which is probably the first report of cholesterol granuloma arising primarily in the sphenoid sinus apart from the petrous bone. The initial clinical presentations were unilateral decreased visual acuity and facial sensory change. The mass was removed totally via transsphenoidal route and the pathological examination revealed cholesterol clefts and chronic granulomatous changes. The differences between the present case and the previous reports are discussed.
중증 뇌동맥류 환자의 조기 수술에 있어서 뇌압 측정의 중요성
김상수,김종문,강성돈,Kim, Sang Su,Kim, Jong Moon,Kang, Sung Don 대한신경외과학회 2001 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.30 No.4
Objective : Patients with poor grade aneurysm usually present with increased intracranial pressure(ICP), even those without an intracranial clot. Based on this fact, the present study investigated a significance of intracranial pressure monitoring in those patients. Patients and Methods : A total of 60 patients with Hunt and Hess Grade IV(50 patients) or V(10 patients) were treated for aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage(SAH) during a 3-year-period, and intraparenchymal ICP was measured in the majority, immediately after arrival to the emergency room. Early surgery including intraoperative ventriculostomy was undertaken within 3 days after SAH. An ultraearly surgery was performed without preceding angiogram or ICP monitoring in patients with large sylvian hematomas, highly suggestive of middle cerebral artery aneurysm. Outcomes were assessed by the Glasgow Outcome Scale(GOS) at 6 months. Results : In overall, favorable outcome(GOS scores 1-2) was seen in 27(54.0%) of admission Grade IV and 1(10.0%) of admission Grade V patients. Of the 38 surgical patients with preoperative ICP monitorings, 25 patients (80.6%) exhibiting ICP values of less than 40mmHg showed favorable outcome, however, no patients with ICP values above 40mmHg recovered(Fisher's exact test, p=0.0001). Conclusion : It is concluded that a preoperative ICP above 40mmHg before ventriculostomy indicate significant vital brain destruction as intractable intracranial hypertension, and Grade IV patients at admission with an ICP below 40mmHg can be of benefit from early surgical intervention while Grade V patients still remains unfavorable.
Zeolite에 의(依)한 $NH_4{^+}$의 흡착(吸着)
김상수,허남호,장상문,최정,Kim, Sang Su,Hur, Nam Ho,Chang, Sang Moon,Choi, Jyung 경북대학교 농업과학기술연구소 1990 慶北大農學誌 Vol.8 No.-
Zeolite에 의(依)한 $NH_4{^+}$의 흡착반응(吸着反應)에 영향(影響)을 미치는 열처리(熱處理)에 의(依)해 조사(調査)하고 배양실험(培養實驗)을 통하여 Zeolite에 흡착(吸着)된 $NH_4{^+}$의 소실량(消失量)을 조사(調査)하였다. Zeolite의 주구성점토광물(主構成粘土鑛物) Clinoptiolite와 mordenite였다. Zeolite에 의(依)한 $NH_4{^+}$의 흡착반응(吸着反應)은 4시간(時間) 진탕으로 흡착평형(吸着平衡)에 도달(到達)하였다. 열처리온도(熱處理溫度)가 높을수록 치환성(置換性) $K^+$의 합량(合量)은 증가(增加)하였으나 $NH_4{^+}$의 흡착량(吸着量)은 감소(減少)하였다. 유안(硫安)을 처리(處理)한 토양(土壤)을 담수상태(湛水狀態)에서 배양(培養)한 결과(結果) 시간(時間)이 경과(經過)할수록 토양중(土壤中) $NH_4{^+}$ 잔류량(殘留量)이 감소(減少)한 반면(盤面) Zeolite에 흡착(吸着)된 $NH_4{^+}$는 동일기간(同一期間) 내(內)에 소실(消失)되지 않았다. 그러므로 Zeolite에 흡착(吸着)된 $NH_4{^+}$은 여러 가지 작용(作用)에 의(依)한 소실(消失)에 대(對)해 저항성(抵抗性)이 크다고 할 수 있다. This study was conducted to examine the influence of heat treatment on the $NH_4{^+}$ adsorption by zeolite and to determine the $NH_4{^+}$ loss from $NH_4-$ zeolite during the incubation. The dominant clay minerals of zeolite were clinoptiloiite and mordenite. $NH_4{^+}$ adsorption by zeolite was equilibrated at a 4hrs-shaking. The content of exchangeable $K^+$ of zeolite was increased with increase in the temperature of heat treatment but the amount of $NH_4{^+}$ adsorbed by zeolite was decreased. The amount of $NH_4{^+}$ in the soil treated with ammonium sulfate was decreased during incubation under the submerged condition but the amount of $NH_4{^+}$ adsorbed by zeolite was not decreased in the same course of incubation. It was estimated that $NH_4{^+}$ adsorbed by zeolite was resistant to $NH_4{^+}$-N loss by various reactions.
김상수,권미지,Kim, Sang-Su,Kwon, Mi-Ji 대한물리치료과학회 1995 대한물리치료과학회지 Vol.2 No.3
The purpose of study was that the functional gains achieved by stroke patients after rehabilitation in the acute phase have been documented. Sixty stroke inpatients who were at least 3.57 month postonset participated;32 males and 28 females;mean age, 57.4 years. By the classification of diagnosis, 20 subjects were cerebral infarction and 27 subjects were cerebral hemorrhage. Activities of daily living(ADL) performance was investigated using the Klein-Bell ADL Scale. ADL test was practiced within physical therapy room. The outcome variables were first analyzed using frequency statistics. The functional gains of the patients with sex and hemiplegic site were then using an ANOVA. Mean score of dressing, elimination, mobility, bathing/hygiene, eating, and telephone use, 26.6, 56.0, 41.4, 36.5, 82.0, and 56.7. Mean score of total, 43.0. There was no significant difference in sex and hemiplegic site.
Super-PVA LCD Technology for Wide Viewing Angle Performance
김상수,박진혁,김태성,Kim, Sang-Su,Park, Jin-Hyeok,Kim, Tae-Seong 한국정보디스플레이학회 2005 인포메이션 디스플레이 Vol.6 No.4
평판 디스플레이 장치가 LCD-TV에 사용되는 경우 시야각 특성과 동화상 성능은 보다 중요한 성능이 된다. 전반적인 LCD의 화질 특성은 시야각 특성과 동화상 응답 속도를 제외한 모든 부문에서 경쟁 기술보다 우세하다. 이러한 디스플레이의 시야각 특성을 개선하기 위해 LCD업계에서는 IPS, MVA, PVA 등 시야각 특성이 개선된 광시야각 액정 Mode를 개발하여 사용하고 있지만 여전히 LCD는 자발광 디스플레이에 비하여 측면 시인성 측면으로 열세에 있었다. 최근에는 LCD의 측면 시인성을 획기적으로 개선 할 수 있는 기술이 개발되어 더 이상 LCD-TV 응용에서 문제가 되지 않을 수준이 되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 여러가지 광시야각 액정모드 LCD의 측면 시인성 향상 기술에 대한 개략적인 사항을 알아보고, 그 중 Super PVA 액정 기술의 기본원리와 동작 방법에 대하여 상세히 기술하기로 한다.