사춘기 아동의 성적성숙도와 혈압수준

김규상,이순영,서일,남정모,지선하,Kim, Kyoo-Sang,Lee, Soon-Young,Suh, Ill,Nam, Chung-Mo,Jee, Sun-Hwa 대한예방의학회 1993 예방의학회지 Vol.26 No.3

The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between the blood pressure level and their sexual maturity and physical growth in the children at puberty. For this purpose, we estimated the blood pressure, physical growth and sexual maturity of the boys of 335 and girls of 373 who are in the middle schools which are located in Kangwha County, Kyungki-Do. Both systolic and diastolic pressure were measured twice. Such physical growth as height, body weight, skin fold thickness, waist circumference, hip circumference and arm circumference were measured. The sexual maturity was estimated according to the classification of Tanner's 5-phase-sexual-maturity : in boys, their pubic hair development phase : in girls, their pubic hair and breast development phase and the menstrual experience. In the phase of the pubic hair development, the boy's sexual maturity was distributed into this; the 1 st 56.4%, the 2nd 29.3%, the 3rd 9.9%, the 4th 4.1% and the 5th 0.3%. While the girls sexual maturity was distributed into this the 1st 20.5%, the 2nd 34.9%, the 3rd 30.6% the 4th 12.6% and the 5th 1.3% in the phase of the pubic hair development, and the 1st 0.8%, the 2nd 13.7%, the 3rd 36.2%, the 4th 18.8% and the 5th 30.5% in the phase of the breast development. This indicated that the girls sexual maturity was higher than those of the boys. The girls menstrual experience rate accounted to the 58.2%. In order to see the relationship between the children's sexual maturity and blood pressure level, we regress blood pressure level on physical growth (i.e., height, BMI) and sexual maturity. Sexual maturity in treates as dummy variables. As the resulf of this analysis, the boys' sexual maturity has nothing to do with the blood pressure either systolic or diastolic. But the girl's systolic pressure was statistically significant ; the 9% of the physical growth, the 5% of the pubic hair development and the 4% of the breast development in sexual maturity was explained. In the girls' diastolic pressure, only their pubic hair development was statistically significant ; the 7% of the physical growth and the 7% of the pubic hair development in the diastolic was explained and the 5% of the physical growth in the diastolic Korotokoff phase IV and the 2% of the pubic hair development in the diastic Korotokoff phase was explained, especially, the girls exprienced menstruation, their systolic and diastolic pressure were significantly high (P<0.01). Conclusively, in the first grade children attending middle schools who are in the early process of the sexual development, the sexual maturity was not related to blood pressure level, on the other hand, the blood pressure level of the girls who are more sexual development than those of the boys' have something to do with sexual maturity and physical growth.

보건관리대행사업에서 보건관리자의 직무분석

김규상,박종연,노재훈,Kim, Kyoo-Sang,Park, Chong-Yon,Roh, Jae-Hoon 대한예방의학회 1994 Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Vol.27 No.4

For developing the Group Health Care System, health managers' job structure were analysed in the aspects of content, amount, and process. As a trial research, data were collected by a standardized job analysis table to 6 doctors, 40 nurses, and 11 industrial hygienists of Group Health Care System. Health care managers were performing complex and intellectual jobs such as healh education for workers, managing health care, conference as well as more simple jobs like as filling diary. Especially, job was consisted of general job and health care management job in the proportion of 1:2.18. The major general job were data management related with the health statistics, and major health care management jobs were managing health care, health counselling, environmental management of working sites. Each specific jobs were required differentiated intellectual capacity, creativity, autonomy, psychic stress, and physical work; most respondents perceived that health care management jobs should require more inputs than general jobs. Additionally job satisfaction and perceived need on specific Job items were anzlysed. Results of this research, suggested through the field experiences in working sites, should be considered for improving the Group Health Care System.

일부 소방공무원의 업무에 따른 스트레스 호르몬의 변화

김규상,유승원,원용림,이미영,Kim, Kyoo-Sang,Yoo, Seung-Won,Won, Yong-Lim,Lee, Mi-Young 한국환경보건학회 2012 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.38 No.3

Objectives: This paper aims to investigate the influence on stress hormones of job stress resulting from firefighting duties, as well as the degree of such influence. Methods: KOSS-26 and stress hormones such as norepinephrine (NE), epinephrine (EPI), adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH), and cortisol were analyzed for 191 male firefighters from the western area of Incheon, the Incheon Industrial Complex, and Bucheon, Korea. Job stress and stress hormones were compared between a office working group and field-working group. Results: There was no significant difference in EPI and ACTH between the two groups. Change of stress hormones prior to engaging in typical duties, following typical duties, and immediately after field activities was examined. All the EPI, ACTH, and cortisol showed statistically significant changes with time, but not NE in the blood. In the field-working group, the cortisol levels in the blood of the firefighting and rescue groups showed notable differences depending on the time at which the measurements were taken. Conclusion: The differences in stress hormone levels depending on the type of duties of the firefighters were identified. Thus, interventions proper to job requirements is required in order to ease stress.

요추간판 탈출증 요양자의 요추 기능장애 평가

김규상(Kyoo Sang Kim),김대성(Day Sung Kim),전희경(Hee Gyeong Jeon) 대한인간공학회 2012 대한인간공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2012 No.11

Objective: 국내 작업관련성 근골격계질환의 산업의학적 진단(진단도구, 진단기준, 평가방법 등), 작업(업무)관련성 평가체계, 요양관리(요양기관, 요양기간, 요양연장, 재요양, 전원요양, 추가상병 등), 사업장의 산업의학적 관리체계, 예방프로그램 및 작업복귀 후의 사후관리 등에 대해 요양 근로자의 정확한 실태를 파악하고, 조사 대상자의 특성에 따라 어떠한 차이를 보이는지 분석하고자 하였다. Method: 2003-2005 년 산재보험에 의해 작업관련성 근골격계질환으로 요양 승인된 근로자 1,664 명에게 설문을 실시하여 그 결과를 조사 분석하였다. Results: 조사 대상 근골격계질환 요양자의 인구사회학적 요인인 성별 분포 특성(남성, 여성), 연령 분포 특성(30 대 이하, 40 대, 50 대 이상), 결혼 여부(기혼, 미혼), 지역별 분포 특성(서울/경인지역, 충청/호남지역, 영남지역), 직업적 특성인 근골격계질환 요양자의 근무기간(10 년 미만, 10 년 이상), 근무형태(정상 근무, 교대/시간제 근무), 사업체의 규모(1000 인 미만, 1000 인 이상), 사업체의 업종(제조업, 비제조업), 그리고 요양자의 근골격계 질환 특성인 이환 신체부위(상지, 허리, 하지), 이환조직(연부조직, 추간판), 기능장애 유무에 따라 근골격계질환 요양자의 증상/진단/요양 승인 및 요양기간(증상 발현기간, 증상-진단기간, 최초 진단-요양 승인기간, 요양 신청-승인기간, 요양기간), 근골격계질환 진단/요양 기관(최초 진단 의료기관, 진료과목, 요양 치료기관), 근골격계질환 요양자의 증상/질환 실태(신체 부위, 이환조직, 기능장애 여부), 요양자의 작업(복귀)관리(수행작업, 종결후 현 건강상태, 작업수행의 어려움, 예방관리프로그램의 참여, 가정내 보존 치료), 상병관리실태(추가상병 신청, 요양기간 연장, 전원요양 신청, 최초 진단/현 요양기관의 동일성, 작업복귀후 재요양, 요양 신청전근골격계 증상 치료력, 치료기관과 그로 인한 병가)에 있어 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 나타내었다. Conclusion: 이 연구 분석결과는 작업관련성 근골격계질환의 예방 및 사업의 우선순위와 표적집단을 결정하는데 기초자료로 활용하고자 한다.

소음 노출 근로자의 청력역치와 청력손실 정도

김규상(Kyoo Sang Kim) 한국언어청각임상학회 2006 Communication Sciences and Disorders Vol.11 No.2

이 연구는 ‘2003년 소음 노출 근로자에 대한 소음 특수건강진단’ 자료원을 이용하여 소음 노출 근로자의 청력역치와 청력손실 정도를 파악하고자 하였다. 소음 노출 근로자의 청력은 소음 특수건강진단 자료로서 특수건강진단기관의 2003년 소음 특수건강진단 정도관리 자료평가용 제출 자료(70개 특수건강진단기관의 403개 사업장 10,823명(남 9,464명, 여 1,359명)의 청력검사 결과)를 이용하였다. 소음 특수건강진단 대상자의 1차(필수)검사에 의한 2차(선택)검사 선별 대상자율은 좌우측 귀 각각 1000Hz에서 남성 근로자가 6.1%, 6.0%, 여성 근로자가 5.7%, 5.6%였으며, 4000Hz에서는 남성 근로자가 22.9%, 22.7%, 여성 근로자가 9.1%, 8.8%이었다. 1차 검사상 선택검사 대상자 비율이 소음 노출 근로자로서 소음 특수건강진단 대상자 중 남성 근로자가 31.0%, 여성 근로자가 14.1%이었다. 2차 수검자의 청력은 주파수별, 연령별 역치 증가가 있었고, 2차 수검자의 과반 이상이 고음역의 청력손실(4000Hz에서 50dBHL 이상)이 특징적이나 남성 근로자의 8.7%에서 소음성 난청 유소견자로 추정되었다. 청력장애 정도는 2차 수검자의 다수가 정상이나, 우측 귀의 경우 2차 수검 남성 근로자의 15%, 여성 근로자의 37.7%에서 경도 이상의 난청 소견을 보였다. This study was carried out to evaluate the hearing threshold levels and hearing impairment of noise-exposed workers. We obtained health examination data of noise-exposed workers from 70 special periodic health examination agencies. The data consisted of special periodic health examination results and audiograms that had been performed in examinations during the first half of 2003. We analyzed the hearing-threshold levels and relating factors of 10,823(male: female=9,464:1,359) noise-exposed workers at 403 workplaces. Sex, age, and duration of noise exposure were significantly related to the prevalence of screening above the hearing threshold levels in the first audiometric examination. The prevalence of secondary audiometric examinees among the male workers who had more than 30dBHL of pure tone average(PTA) or 50dBHL at 4000Hz was 31.0%. Among the secondary audiometric examinees, 57.6% was above 50dBHL of 4000Hz, 12.8% was above 30dBHL of PTA, and 8.7% was classified as having noise-induced hearing loss in the right ear of the male workers. Fifteen percent of the secondary audiometric examinees in the male workers suffered from a hearing loss above the mild level as judged by the ISO standard.

DASH로 평가한 상지 근골격계 질환자의 기능 제한

김규상(Kyoo Sang Kim),장기언(Ki Un Jang) 대한인간공학회 2010 大韓人間工學會誌 Vol.29 No.3

This study aimed to examine the development and characteristics of the workers with upper limb musculoskeletal symptoms and disorders and to analyze the upper limb musculoskeletal symptoms and disorders for its relationship with the individual socio-demographic characteristics. This study investigated the effect on the limitations of physical activities using standardized surveillance tool and clinical diagnosis. Musculoskeletal symptoms and the limitations of physical activities were examined. The clinical diagnosis of musculoskeletal disorders were carried out by physical examination, radiological examination and electromyography-electroneuronography for 22 workers in kitchen hood assembly process and 50 workers in toggle process of leather product manufacturing. The proportion of workers with musculoskeletal disorders was higher and the DASH score was also statistically higher in female and aged workers with longer working hours, longer household working hours, less leisure/hobby activity and higher physical load. Physical activities component score increased in the following order: workers in normal health, workers with musculoskeletal symptoms, and workers with musculoskeletal disorders as clinically diagnosed. Score for each DASH component increased in the following order: sports/performing arts ability, social activities, specific physical functional activities, work or other regular daily activities, work ability, psychological activities, insomnia and upper limb symptoms. The overall and each component DASH scores were higher in workers with symptoms of status praesens and of more severity, and receiving medical intervention. Musculoskeletal symptoms and disorders are associated with individual socio-demographic characteristics, and DASH score for physical activities of upper limb was higher in workers with musculoskeletal disorders. Musculoskeletal symptoms and disorders have a remarkable epidemiological significance for physical activities, social activities, work or other regular daily activities, upper limb symptoms and insomnia, where work ability, sports/performing arts ability and preventive measure is needed.

피혁제조 공정 중 토글 작업에서 요통과 관련된 요추 부하의 생체역학적 분석과 개선 방안

김규상 ( Kyoo Sang Kim ),홍창우 ( Chang Woo Hong ),이동경 ( Dong Kyung Lee ) 한국산업위생학회 2008 한국산업보건학회지 Vol.18 No.3

Low back disorders (LBDs) have been the most common musculoskeletal problem in Korean workplaces. It affects many workers, and is associated with high costs to many companies as well as the individual, which can negatively influence even the quality of life of workers. The evaluation of low back disorder risk associated with manual materials handling tasks can be performed using variety of ergonomic assessment tools such as National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Revised Lifting Equation (NLE), the Washington Administrative Code 296-62-0517 (WAC), the Snook Tables etc. But most of these tools provide limited information for choosing the most appropriate assessment method for a particular job and in finding out advantage and disadvantage of the methods, and few have been assessed for their predictive ability. The focus of this study was to evaluate spinal loads in real time with lifting and pulling heavy cow leathers in variety of postures. Data for estimating mean trunk motions were collected as employees did their work at the job site, using the Lumbar Motion Monitor. Eight employees (2 males, 6 females) were selected in this study, in which the load weight and the vertical start and destination heights of the activity remained constant throughout the task. Variance components (three dimensional spaces) of mean trunk kinematic measures were estimated in a hierarchical design. They were used to compute velocity and acceleration of multiple employees performing the same task and to repetitive movements within a task. Therefore, a results of this study could be used as a quantitative, objective measure to design the workplace so that the risk of occupationally related low back disorder should be minimized.

산업장에서 실시하는 1차 순음청력검사 장소의 배경소음

김규상 ( Kyoo Sang Kim ),김형렬 ( Hyoung Ryoul Kim ),노재훈 ( Jae Hoon Roh ) 한국산업위생학회 2004 한국산업보건학회지 Vol.14 No.3

The ambient noise levels in the test rooms affect the workers`s hearing threshold. The present study was designed to assess the ambient noise levels in the industrial audiometric testing areas to determine if valid hearing tests could be performed in these environments. The ambient noise levels were measured in 141 audiometric testing areas across 47 industries located in Incheon. These results compared with the ANSI S3.1-1999 and OSHA criteria for maximum permissible ambient noise levels. The ambient noise SPLs were highest in the lower frequencies, and this decreased as the frequency increased. For the supraaural earphone, none of the rooms met the ANSI standard. Comparing the room data with the OSHA standard, compliance levels were achieved as follows: 0(0%) at 500 Hz, 4 (2.8%) at 1000 Hz, 27 (19.1%) at 2000 Hz, 134 (95.0%) at 4000 Hz, and 141 (100%) at 8000 Hz. The results of this study strongly indicate that clinical audiometry is being conducted in test rooms having unacceptable or excessive ambient noise levels.

특수건강진단기관 청력 검사실의 배경소음

김규상(Kyoo Sang Kim),최용휴(Yong-Hyu Choi),원용림(Yong Lim Won),강성규(Seong-Kyu Kang) 대한직업환경의학회 2004 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.16 No.3

상지 근골격계 기능장애 평가 도구 DASH의 고찰

김규상 ( Kyoo Sang Kim ) 한국산업보건학회 2009 한국산업보건학회지 Vol.19 No.2

In this study, the author introduced DASH (Disabilities of the arm, shoulder, and hand), which had been developed for evaluating the functional impairment in the movement of upper extremities in regular daily activities, work ability and sports/performing arts ability. It is an ergonomic risk assessment tool used for industrial workers and also a disability measurement tool for upper extremity disorders arising from musculoskeletal disorders and symptom. This study intended to examine the applicability of DASH in occupational health field. Firstly, DASH development process and composition were reviewed through the DASH outcome measure user`s manual and early articles. Secondly, reliability, validity, and responsiveness of the DASH in various languages at the application stage as well as its reliability and validity at the early stage of development were investigated. Thirdly, focusing on the application of DASH to clinical cases, workers with musculoskeletal symptoms, healthy workers, workers with other diseases, and general population were discussed besides orkers with major musculoskeletal disorders. Lastly, DASH questionnaire was examined for its potential as a reference for assessing the functional impairment in the movement of upper extremities of workers with musculoskeletal symptoms in industrial workers in Korea.