담석성 췌장염 치료에서 내시경적 유두부 괄약근절개술의 임상적 유용성

박상흠(Sang Heum Park),권광안(Kwang An Kwon),김인호(In Ho Kim),김은주(Eun Joo Kim),정일권(Il Kwun Chung),김홍수(Hong Soo Kim),이문호(Moon Ho Lee),김선주(Sun Joo Kim) 대한소화기학회 2000 대한소화기학회지 Vol.36 No.3

Background/Aims : Gallstone pancreatitis has been classically treated by cholecystectomy to prevent recurrence of pancreatitis. However, for patients whose condition is not suitable to operation, endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST) without cholecystectomy was recently performed. Thus, we analyzed the result of EST without cholecystectomy in patients with gallstone pancreatitis and evaluated its clinical usefulness. Methods: Seventeen patients who were diagnosed as gallstone pancreatitis from January 1997 to January 2000 and treated by EST without cholecystectomy because of difficulties in operation were enrolled in this study. The patients were followed up by visiting outpatient department or interview by telephone. Results: The mean age was 64.4 years and the mean duration of follow-up was 15.5 months. According to modified Glasgow criteria, the disease status of 14 patients were mild and the other 3 patients were severe. The site of gallstones were gallbladder in 6 patients, common bile duct (CBD) in 2, and both in 6. Success rate of stone removal in CBD was 100%(11/11) and EST-related complication rate was 6%(1/11). During the follow-up period, there were no pancreatobiliary diseases. Conclusions: EST without cholecystectomy is a safe and useful therapeutic modality in patients with gallstone pancreatitis who had diffculties in operation. (Kor J Gastroenterol 2000;36:383 - 389)

제왕절개술 후 통증관리 방법 선택이 제통 효과와 수술 후 경과에 미치는 영향

이영(Young Lee),김사진(Sa Jin Kim),권인(In Kwun),정대영(Dae Young Chung),김창이(Chang Yi Kim),김수평(Soo Pyung Kim),송지민(Ji Min Song),류진희(Jin Hee Yoo),이지영(Ji Young Lee),한상아,김진철(Jin Chul Kim),김창재(Chang Je Kim) 대한산부인과학회 1999 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.42 No.11

목적 : 본 연구는 통증 관리 방법 선택에 따른 제통 효과의 차이와 수술후 회복기에 미치는 영향을 연구하고자 하였다. 연구 방법 : 총 90명의 제왕절개술을 시술 받은 산모들을 무작위로 군 당 30 명씩 배정하여 이중 맹검 법으로 연구하였다. 수술후 통증은 고식적인 아편양제재의 근 주법(IM군)과 통증자가조절장치를 이용하여(D군, DV군) 조절하였고 수술후 산모가 깨어나 통증을 호소할 때부터 수술후 48시간까지 시행하였다. DV군에선 diclofenac 을 통증관리 보조제로 이용하여 75 mg을 첫 근주후 매 12 시간마다 근 주 하였다. 사용된 아편양 제재의 총량, 통증 점수, 부작용 및 술후 첫 보행시기를 비교하여 각 통증 관리 방법의 유용성 과 안전성을 비교하였다. 결과 : 총 아편양제재의 사용량이 DV군에서 다른 두 군에 비해 40-50% 감소되었다. 통증 점수는 DV군에서 6, 12 및 24시간에 다른 두군에 비해 의의 있게 낮았다(p <0.05).오심, 구토 및 어지럼증의 발생은 IM 군에서 통증자가조절장치를 이용한 두 군 보다 의의 있게 높았다(p<0.05). diclofenac을 통증 관리 보조제로 사용한 군 과 사용하지 않은 군간에 혈색소치, 헤마토크리트, 혈소판수 및 출혈시간 등 검사 결과에 차이가 없었다. 수술후 첫 보행은 DV군에서 다른 두 군에 비해 의의있게 일찍 개시되었다(p <0.05). 결론 : 제왕절개술후 통증 관리에 아편양제재를 통증자가조절장치로 투여하며 diclofenac을 보조 제로 이용한 방법이 가장 효과적이고 안전한 방법이었다. 그러나 diclofenac의 출혈 경향 유무에 대한 더 자세한 연구가 필요하리라 여겨진다 Objective: We investigated influence of choice of pain control method on analgesic effect and postoperative course after cesarean section. Methods: Ninety parturients were randomly allocated to three groups and each group had 30 women. The postoperative pain was controlled with classical intramuscular injection in IM group and PCA (patient-controlled analgesia)device in meperidine (D) and meperidine+diclofenac (DV) group for up to 48 hours after Cesarean section when the parturients awoke and complained pain. The parturients received intramuscular diclofenac 75 mg every 12 hours in DV group. We evaluated usefulness and safety of each pain control method on postoperative opioid requirement, numerical rating score of pain, side effect and first ambulation time for 48 hours after operation. Results: Total opioid requirement was decreased almost 40-50% in DV group. Pain score lowered significantly at 6, 12 and 24 hours in DV group(p <0.05). Nausea,Vomiting and Dizziness were increased in IM group than PCA group(p <0.05). There was no difference in laboratory data including hemoglobin, hematocrit, platelet count and bleeding time in diclofenac used group. Ambulation was started earlier significalty in DV group after Cesarean section(p <0.05). Conclusion: We concluded that diclofenac combined PCA is the most effective and safe method in pain control after cesarean section. But it is necessary to try further evaluation of hemostatic effect of diclofenac.

농촌 소하천의 재폭기 계수 추정

송인홍 ( Song In Hong ),권순국 ( Kwun Soon Kuk ) 한국농공학회 2000 한국농공학회 학술대회초록집 Vol.2000 No.-

In this study, using modified tracer method(Constant Rate Injection, CRI method), reaeration rates were measured in the territories of Bokha stream. In case of Kwanri stream, reaeration rates of a diversion were measured simultaneously. Propane gas and Rhodamine-WT were used as gas and dye tracer, respectively. The experimental results show that reaeration rates of the stream were ranged from 6.16 to 24.52 1/day and those of a diversion in Kwanri stream were ranged from 28.39 to 123.61 1/day. It is resulted that mean velocity of stream is a dominant factor in reaeration process and diversion significantly influence on reareation process.

간척농지에서의 오염물질 유출특성

최인욱 ( Choi In Uk ),박병흔 ( Park Byung Heun ),권순국 ( Kwun Soon Kuk ) 한국농공학회 2000 한국농공학회 학술대회초록집 Vol.2000 No.-

In order to control the water quality of freshwater lake in tidal reclaimed land, it is needed to evaluate accurate amount of pollutant loadings from reclaimed paddy field. This study was carried out to investigate the pollutant loading from a reclaimed paddy field. Site of the study was a paddy field located in Taeho reclaimed land, with an areas of 38.5 hectares. The runoff loadings of Total-Nitrogen, Total-Phosphorus, and Chemical Oxygen Demand were 49.5 kg/㏊/yr, 3.2 kg/㏊/yr and 154.0 kg/㏊/yr, respectively. The runoff loadings in Total-Nitrogen and Total-Phosphorus from this study were much higher values than the pollutant load factor of Total-Nitrogen and Total-Phosphorus from the paddy field published by the Ministry of Environment.

비알코올성 지방간 세포 모델에서 곤포의 효능과 기전 연구

김소연,권정남,이인,홍진우,최준용,박성하,권민정,주명수,한창우,Kim, So-Yeon,Kwon, Jung-Nam,Lee, In,Hong, Jin-Woo,Choi, Jun-Yong,Park, Seong-Ha,Kwun, Min-Jung,Joo, Myung-Soo,Han, Chang-Woo 대한한방내과학회 2014 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.35 No.2

Objectives : We tried to uncover the anti-lipogenic effect and underlying mechanism of Laminaria japonica on an experimental cellular model of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Methods : Ethanol extract of Laminaria japonica (LJ) was prepared. Intracellular lipid content of palmitate-treated HepG2 cells was evaluated with or without LJ treatment. We measured the effects of LJ on liver X receptor ${\alpha}$ ($LXR{\alpha}$) and sterol regulatory element-binding transcription factor-1c (SREBP-1c) expression, transcription level of lipogenic genes, including acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), fatty acid synthase (FAS), stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD-1), and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activation in HepG2 cells. Results : LJ markedly attenuated palmitate-induced intracellular lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells. LJ suppressed $LXR{\alpha}$-dependent SREBP-1c activation, and SREBP-1c mediated induction of ACC, FAS, and SCD-1. Furthermore, LJ activated Nrf2, which plays an important cytoprotective role in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Conclusions : Our study suggests that LJ has the potential to alleviate hepatic lipid accumulation, and this effect was mediated by inhibiting the $LXR{\alpha}$-SREBP-1c pathway that leads to hepatic steatosis. In addition, the anti-lipogenic potential may, at least in part, be associated with activation of Nrf2.

농촌유역의 비점원 오염 수질관리를 위한 인공습지 설계모형

최인욱 ( Choi In Uk ),권순국 ( Kwun Soon Kuk ) 한국농공학회 2002 韓國農工學會誌 : 전원과 자원 Vol.44 No.5

As an useful water purification system for non-point source pollution in rural watersheds, interests in constructed wetlands are growing at home and abroad. It is well known that constructed wetlands are easily installed, no special managemental needs, and more flexible at fluctuating influent loads. They have a capacity for purification against nutrient materials such as phosphorus and nitrogen causing eutrophication of lentic water bodies. The Constructed Wetland Design Model (CWDM), developed through this study is consisted mainly of Database System, Runoff-discharge Prediction Submodel, Water Quality Prediction Submodel, and Area Assessment Submodel. The Database System includes data of watershed, discharge, water quality, pollution source, and design factors for the constructed wetland. It supplies data when predicting water quality and calculating the required areas of constructed wetlands. For the assessment of design flow, the GWLF (Generalized Watershed Loading Function) is used, and for water quality prediction in streams estimating influent pollutant load, Water Quality Prediction Submodel, that is a submodel of DSS-WQMRA model developed by previous works is amended. The calculation of the required areas of constructed wetlands is achieved using effluent target concentrations and area calculation equations that developed from the monitoring results in the United States. The CWDM is applied to Bokha watershed to appraise its application by assessing design flow and predicting water quality. Its application is performed through two calculations: one is to achieve each target effluent concentrations of BOD, SS, T-N and T-P, the other is to achieve overall target effluent concentrations. To prove the validity of the model, a comparison of unit removal rates between the calculated one from this study and the monitoring result from existing wetlands in Korea, Japan and United States was made. As a result, the CWDM could be very useful design tool for the constructed wetland in rural watersheds and for the non-point source pollution management.

농촌 소하천에서의 재폭기 계수 추정

송인홍 ( Song In Hong ),권순국 ( Kwun Soon Kuk ) 한국농공학회 2001 韓國農工學會誌 : 전원과 자원 Vol.43 No.5

Reaeration phenomena, the physical process of absorption of oxygen from atmosphere, is one of the important parameters of dissolved oxygen simulation in streams. This study was aimed at predicting reaeration coefficients in rural small streams, examining the influence of drop structure on reaeration and the seasonal fluctuation of reaeration coefficients. Reaeration coefficients of five strams including four tributaries of Bokha watershed in Gyeonggi Ichon and Onyang stream in Chungnam Onyang were measured. Constant rte injection (CRI) method using propane and Rhodamine-WT as gas and dye tracer was adopted. Reaeration Coefficients ranged between 6.16 and 29.16 reciprocal day, higher than those in USGS database. Prediction equation. K₂ = CV^0.593, was regressed from the measured data at 95% confidence level, with an absolute error of 21.2% and a standard error of 4.0 reciprocal days. Reaeration coefficients of experimental reaches with drop structure showed percentile increases of 42.3 to 159.2 compared to those without it, an indication that drop structure plays and important role on stream reaeration. Taking into consideration the seasonal fluctuation of reaeration coefficients, the values measured during September and October were the highest. Mainly due to the removal of aquatic plants, by intensive rainfall during summer.

Irrigation with Microbial-Contaminated Water and Risk of Crop Contamination

최연식,송인홍,권순국,Choi, C. Yeon-Sik,Song, In-Hong,Kwun, Soon-Kuk The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers 2007 한국농공학회논문집 Vol.49 No.2

The aim of this study was to compare crop contamination between two irrigation methods using microbial-contaminated water. The effect of relative humidity on microbial survival of the three indicator microorganisms was also investigated. Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Clostridium perfringens ATCC 3624, and coliphage PRD1 were applied to irrigation water to grow cantaloupe, lettuce, and bell pepper. Half of the sixteen plots were subsurface drip irrigated (SDI) and the other half were furrow irrigated (FI). Two relative humidity levels were controlled at 15-65 % and 55-80 % for the dry and humid condition experiments, respectively. Samples of produce, surface soil, and subsurface soil at a depth of 10 cm were collected over a two-week period following the application of the study microorganisms. Overall, greater contamination of both produce and soil occurred in the FI plots. For the SDI plots, preferential water paths and resulting water appearance on the seed beds seemed to be responsible for produce contamination. Relative humidity levels did not appear to affect microbial survival in soil. PRD 1 showed lower inactivation rates than 5. coli in both dry and humid conditions. C. perfringens did not experience significant inactivation over the experimental period, suggesting this microorganism can be an effective indicator of fecal contamination.

농촌유역의 수질관리를 위한 인공습지 설계모형 개발

최인욱 ( Choi In Uk ),권순국 ( Kwun Soon Kuk ) 한국농공학회 2001 한국농공학회 학술대회초록집 Vol.2001 No.-

Constructed wetlands are among the recently proven efficient technologies for wastewater treatment. Compared to conventional treatment systems, constructed wetlands are low cost, are easily operated and maintained. Constructed wetlands are particularly sensitive to Nonpoint source pollution(NPSP) because they function as pollutant sinks. The objectives of this study were to review the necessary contents of survey and design factors for constructing constructed wetlands and develop a modified DSS-WQMRA model for design of constructed wetlands. From the results of the case studies, in order to attain BOD target water quality, 0.27%(SF), 0.66%(FWS) wetland area of the total basin is needed.

Water Use Efficiency of Subsurface Drip Irrigation and Furrow Irrigation

송인홍,피터 월러,최연식,권순국,Song, In-Hong,Waller Peter. M.,Choi, C. Yeon-Sik,Kwun, Soon-Kuk The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers 2007 한국농공학회논문집 Vol.49 No.2

The primary objective of this study was to compare water use efficiencies between subsurface drip irrigation and furrow irrigation. The uniformity of used drip lines was tested to determine if clogging would be a threat to the long-term success of a subsurface drip irrigation system. Three crops, cantaloupe, lettuce, and bell pepper, were grown in four plots for each irrigation system. Significantly less water was applied with subsurface drip irrigation than with furrow irrigation (29.5 % less for cantaloupe and 43.2 % less for bell poppet) in order to produce similar crop yields. Water use efficiencies with subsurface drip irrigation were significantly higher than those with furrow irrigation fur cantaloupe (P-value = 0.018) and bell pepper (P-value ${\leq}$ 0.001). Drip-irrigated lettuce, a shallow-rooted crop, had moderately higher water use efficiency during the first two seasons, while no difference was observed in the third season. After the experiment, the uniformity of the drip lines was 92.1 % on average and classified as good. The high values fur water use efficiency and uniformity indicate that subsurface drip irrigation can be a sustainable method for conserving irrigation water.