‘한류(韓流)’로부터 디자인 ‘한류(韓類)’로

고영란(Ko Young-ran),김경숙(Kim Kyung-sook),박영목(Park Young-mok),박인석(Park Inn-seok),최순희(Choi Soon-hee) 한국디자인학회 2005 한국디자인학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2005 No.5

원료콩의 증자조건을 달리한 검정콩 간장의 질소화합물 및 유리아미노산

고영란 ( Young Ran Ko ),권선화 ( Sun Hwa Kwon ),최재훈 ( Je Hun Choi ),손미예 ( Mi Yae Shon ),박석규 ( Seok Kyu Park ) 한국식품저장유통학회 ( 구 한국농산물저장유통학회 ) 2003 한국식품저장유통학회지 Vol.10 No.1

공익사업 토지보상제도의 신뢰도 및 만족도 연구

고영란(Young Ran Ko),권대중(Dea-jung Kwan) 한국부동산융복합학회 2023 부동산융복합연구 Vol.3 No.2

보상금액의 문제점과 개선방안으로는 ① 인근가격보다 낮은 평가금액의 문제는 개발이익을 특정 개인에게서의 향유를 배제시키고 국민 모두에게 귀속되어야 할 성질로서 정당보상의 원칙에 입각한 평등권의 실현이 매우 중요하다. ② 표준지 공시지가의 문제점은 공시지가기준 보상평가가 헌법에 합치될 수 있게 하기 위해서는 공시지가 산정의 적정성 등이 보장될 수 있도록 조사 및 평가업무가 공정하고 신중하게 이루어질 수 있는 제도적 장치가 유지되어야 한다. ③ 평가제도의 신뢰성 결여는 감정평가업자가 사업시행자와 토지소유의 어느 측에도 구속되지 않고 중립적이고 객관적으로 평가업무에 임할 수 있는 후자의 방안, 즉 중립적지위에 있는 제3기관이 감정평가업자 선정 및 추천을 맡기는 방식으로 개선하는 것이 현실적이라고 생각된다. ④ 현황조사의 미비는 인근 유사 토지가 거래된 사례나 보상이 된 사례가 있고 그 가격이 정상적인 것으로서 적정한 보상액평가에 영향을 미칠 수 있는 것임이 입증된 경우에는 인근유사토지의 정상거래가격을 참작할 수 있고, 보상선례가 인근 유사토지에 관한 것으로서 당해 수용대상토지의 적정가격을 평가하는 데 있어 중요한 자료가 되는 경우에는 이를 참작하는 것이 중요하다. ⑤ 보상산정 방법의 문제이다. 이에 대한 개선 방안은 영업권과 산업재산권(특허권, 실용신안권, 의장권, 상표권) 및 이에 준하는 권리, 저작권, 전용측성 이용권 등의 보상과 영업손실보상의 경우 대체매장 조성비용, 권리금 보전액 등의 보상이 이루어질 수 있도록 제도적 장치 마련이 필요하다. The problem of the compensation amount and the improvement plan are ① The problem of the appraised amount lower than the neighboring price excludes the enjoyment of development profits from a specific individual and belongs to all citizens, and equal rights based on the principle of party compensation. Loss Compensation Law Research”, Kosi Research Institute, 2000, p.299 realization is very important. ② As for the problem of official standard lot land price, in order for compensation evaluation based on official land price standard to conform to the Constitution, an institutional device that can conduct investigations and evaluations fairly and prudently must be maintained to ensure the appropriateness of the official land price calculation. ③ The lack of reliability in the evaluation system is the latter method in which an appraiser can engage in evaluation work neutrally and objectively without being bound by either side of the project operator or land owner. I think it is realistic to improve by entrusting recommendations.

“조선/한국전쟁” 혹은 “분열/분단” -기억의 승인을 둘러싸고

고영란 ( Young Ran Ko ) 성균관대학교 대동문화연구원 2012 大東文化硏究 Vol.79 No.-

김달수의 장편 『일2의 겨울(日本の冬)』은 1956년 8월 18일에서 같은 해 12월 31일까지 일본공산당기관지 『아카하타(赤旗)』에 연재되었다. 연재 도중부터 『赤旗』지상에 『일본의 겨울』을 둘러싸고 논쟁이 일어났다. 본고는 이 『日本の冬』논쟁을 실마리로 점령의 기억이 재심에 부쳐지는 공간에서 ``문학``과 에스닉 아이덴티티(ethic identity)를 둘러싼 기억이 어떻게 재편되었는가에 대하여 생각한 것이다. 지금까지 일본어문학에 관한 연구의 장에서 1945년에서 1952년 사이는 ``점령``이라는 단어로 구조화되어왔다. 특히 점령과 연동하는 형태로 주목되는 것이 ``검열``이라는 단어이다. 이 단어의 주변에는 ``승자``가 ``패자``를 억압한 흔적을 부각시키기 위한 연구가 많이 축적된 것이 사실이다. 본고에서는 법의 언어에 의해 발동되는 합법적 폭력 장치로서의 검열만이 아니라, 예를 들어 ‘조선’계나 ‘일본공산당’계로 분류되어 가장 억압을 받았던 미디어, 그 조직내부의 언어를 둘러싼 자기규제가 검열법 조항의 내면화와 어떻게 교섭하며 전개되었나에 주목했다. Kim Tal-Su`s full-length novel NihonnoFuyu(Winter in Japan) was serialized in the Japanese Communist Party newspaper Akahata from August18th, 1956 until December31st of the same year. Since the middle of its serialization, controversy regarding NihonnoFuyu arose in Akahata. In this paper, taking clues from the controversy surrounding NihonnoFuyu, I have considered the ways in which “literature” and memories related to ethnic identity were reorganized in an environment in which memories of the occupation were being subject to reexamination. In Japanese language literature research until that time, the period between 1945 and 1952 was framed by the word “occupation”. In particular, the word “censorship” garnered attention in a way that was linked to “occupation”. There is no question that surrounding these words was a tendency to accumulate research that aimed to bring evidence of the oppression of the “defeated” by the “victors” into the foreground. In this paper, I have focused not only on censorship as a legitimated apparatus of violence put into effect through legal language, but also on the ways in which, for example, media was categorized into the “Korean” [Chosen] type and the “Japanese Communist Party” type that came to be the most suppressed, and the ways in which censorship codes developed in relation to the internalization of those codes by self-imposed language restraints within those organizations.

유산균 종류와 찹쌀가루의 호화온도 및 발효시간에 따른 약초부각 발효풀의 품질특성 변화

고영란(Young-Ran Ko),손미예(Mi-Yae Shon),김윤근(Yun-Geun Kim),정경숙(Kyung-Sook Chung),왕수빈(Su-Bin Wang),박석규(Seok-Kyu Park) 한국식품영양과학회 2009 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.38 No.2

전통 약초부각의 맛과 조직감 등 기호성을 증진시키기 위하여 유산균 종류와 찹쌀가루 조건에 따른 발효풀과 약초부각의 이화학적 품질특성을 조사하였다. 총당은 발효 찹쌀풀의 농도별로 호화온도 90℃가 70℃보다 높은 함량이었으나, 환원당은 오히려 70℃가 90℃보다 평균적으로 2~5배 이상 높았으며, 발효시간이 길수록 증가되었다. 총산도는 발효 15시간의 찹쌀풀에서 70℃가 90℃에 비하여 2.7~1.3배 높았으며, 유산균 중에 L. lactis가 가장 낮은 수치를 나타내었다. 발효찹쌀풀의 점도는 생찹쌀풀에 비하여 상당히 낮았고, 호화온도 90℃는 찹쌀가루 28% 이상 농도에서 70℃보다는 현저하게 높았으며, L. lactis와 L. plantarum는 발효 15시간에 비하여 40시간에서 2~3배 이상 낮아졌다. 색차계 명도(L)와 황색도(b)는 호화온도가 높거나 발효시간이 길어짐에 따라 감소하였으며, 찹쌀풀의 기공형성은 L. lactis의 발효찹쌀풀은 미셀구조가 일정한 형태로 비슷한 크기의 기공이 많았으나, L. plantarum은 무정형 형태로 미셀이 변화되면서 기공이 작은 크기로 많이 나타났다. 결론적으로 L. lactis 유산균의 낮은 산생성과 발효찹쌀풀의 기공형성을 좋게 하므로 전통 약초부각의 조직감과 부착성 및 기호성을 포함한 품질특성을 증진시키는데 효과적일 것으로 예측된다. This study was undertaken to investigate the quality properties of yakchobugak as affected by lactic acid bacteria and waxy rice paste for improving palatability of yakchobugak of Agastache rugosa. Total sugar contents of lactic acid bacteria-fermenting waxy rice paste gelatinized at 90℃ were higher than that of 70℃. Reducing sugar contents were 2~5 times higher in 70℃ waxy rice paste than in 90℃ waxy rice paste and increased as the fermentation progressed. Total acidity of waxy rice pastes gelatinized at 70℃ and fermented for 15 hours were 2.7~1.3 times higher than at 90oC, and then Lactococcus lactis had the lowest total acidity during fermentation. Viscosity of fermented paste (VFP) were lower than those of raw paste. VFPs gelatinized at 90℃ were markedly higher than those at 70℃ over 28% concentration. In L. lactis and Lactobacillus plantarum, VFPs fermented for 15 hours were over 2~3 times lower than those fermented for 40 hours. Hunter's color lightness (L) and yellowness (b) were decreased according to the elevation of gelatinization temperature and fermentation time. L. lactis and L. plantarum-producing waxy rice pastes were the uniform micell type with a large air-pore size and amorphous micell type with a small air-pore size, respectively. Based on these results, L. lactis was a lower lactic acid-producing bacteria as well as uniform air-pore distribution on waxy rice paste. It was found to be a good sourpaste-fermenting strain for enhancement of quality properties of yakchobugak, as revealed through viscosity, total acidity, Hunter's color b value and scanning electron micrographs.

유색 식물을 이용한 약초부각용 발효찹쌀풀의 당, 산도, 점도 및 색도 변화

고영란 ( Young Ran Ko ),손미예 ( Mi Yae Shon ),정경숙 ( Kyung Sook Chung ),왕수빈 ( Su Bin Wang ),강성구 ( Seong Koo Kang ),박석규 ( Seok Kyu Park ) 한국식품저장유통학회 ( 구 한국농산물저장유통학회 ) 2009 한국식품저장유통학회지 Vol.16 No.2

‘您们’의 사용 양상과 의미 고찰

고영란(Ko, Young Ran) 한국중어중문학회 2017 中語中文學 Vol.0 No.69

‘ninmen(您們)’ had already existed before the founding of modern Chinese language, but it has attracted attention from academia only when it started appearing frequently in modern literary works. In addition, there seems to have been a heated debate over its existence for a while. The most noticeable aspect is that the view of ‘ninmen(您們)’ has changed smoothly with the passage of time. Therefore, this study examined the usage and the meaning of ‘ninmen(您們)’ through website and corpus analysis and survey investigation. Aanalysis of the text containing ‘ninmen(您們)’ in the ‘Renminwang(人民網)’ between 2004 and 2016 showed that the use of this pronoun has steadily increased recently. Through the corpus analysis, it was also found that ‘ninmen(您們)’ is widely used in literary works, newspaper articles, science related texts, and ‘Weibo(微博)’. Moreover our survey revealed that 70% of the respondents answered that they have positive perception of ‘ninmen(您們)’. The meaning of ‘ninmen(您們)’ is based on plural expressions based on an object. This is used as a strategy to convey politeness by collectively referring to specific objects or ambiguous objects when referring to objects to be respected or respected in emotion or societal convention. Moreover, when instructions and commands are delivered, ‘ninmen(您們)’ has the effect of relieving excessive language towards the object, and it can also be used to express anger or sarcasm.

“别+V+了”句式中宾语相关的若干问题

고영란(Ko, Young-Ran)(高英蘭),진환상(Chen, Huan-Chang)(陳換常) 대한중국학회 2020 중국학 Vol.70 No.-

The pattern of the “bie(别)+V+le(了)” structure is divided into three types: ① “object+bie(别)+V+le(了)” ② “bie(别)+V+object+le(了)” ③ “bie(别)+V+le(了)+object”. These are based on the position of the objects. First, in terms of the negation focus, in pattern ①, the negative focus is the “verb”. In pattern ②, the negative focus is the “object” and in pattern ③, the negative focus is the “whole event”. Second, in terms of the intensity of the negation, pattern ① where the object is at the beginning of the sentence represents very strong negation. However, pattern ② is more to express a kind of dissuasion or proposal and pattern ③ functions as a reminder or acts as a modal marker. In addition, in the “bie(别)+V+le(了)” structure, the object is the definite object that the speaker and the listener know well, so they accept the modification of restrictive elements. Third, in pattern ③, only verbs with a meaning of [+removal] can be used in this pattern and the object should be an object that already exists because “le(了)” corresponds to “diao(掉)”. 本文根据“别+V+了”句式中宾语出现位置的不同, 分成ⅰ)宾语+别+V+了、ⅱ)别+V+宾语+了、ⅲ)别+V+了+宾语, 这样三种句式进行研究。首先, 从否定的焦点来看, ⅰ)句式否定的焦点在动词V上, 而ⅱ)句式否定的焦点在于宾语, ⅲ)句式否定的焦点在于整个事件;其次, 从否定的强度来看, 当宾语位于句式的开头部分, 表示强烈否定, 而在ⅱ)句式中更多的是表达一种劝阻或者提议, ⅲ)则表达提醒功能和担当情态标记功能。再次, 在“别+V+了”句式中, 宾语是话者与听者互相心知肚明的有定宾语, 因此能够接受限定性成分的修饰, 但类似于“一个”等表示全部中的一个的数量词不能够修饰宾语。最后, 在ⅲ)句式中, 动词与宾语受到某种制约, 由于“了”表示与“掉”相对应的意义, 因此表示[+去掉]意义的动词能够进入该句式, 而且宾语也必须是存在的受事宾语才能够进入该句式。

‘형용사+着’의 문체적·의미적 특징

고영란(Ko Young-ran) 중국문화연구학회 2016 중국문화연구 Vol.0 No.34

In academia of grammar, while verbs taking the aspect particle “zhe” have been studied by a lot of scholars, few people have paid attention to adjectives with the aspect particle “zhe”. Therefore, in this study, based on 159 single syllable adjectives, the researcher tried to make a comparison between the results from the statistical data and the existing research results on the basis of the data collected from the large scale corpus and the new media. The conclusions of this study are as followed. Firstly, although the adjectives which take the aspect particle “zhe” have been generally little considered so far, the results in this study showed that 93% of monosyllabic adjectives can take the aspect particle “zhe”. Secondly, it was found that the use of “adjective+zhe” structure is more close to the written language style, such as novels or Weibo showing strong subjectivity. This is because the subjective style is often used as “self-centered speech” to describe the movement and the status of people or things. Thirdly, “adjective+zhe” in the meaning can be divided into two categories: the mainstream meaning and non-mainstream meaning. Mainstream meanings include the continuity of states, the attachment of properties and attributes, the strengthening of meanings, and the continuing meaning of the past from the present. On the other hand, non-mainstream meaning is only limited to the “measure adjective+zhe” form to indicate the comparative significance. According to the results from this study, while the structure frequently appeared in the literary works of “Lao She”, it rarely used at present.

SNS를 통해 본 BA式 狀態形容詞의 動態化 연구

고영란(Ko, Young Ran) 한국중어중문학회 2017 中語中文學 Vol.0 No.67

This study is based on 63 of BA-type state adjectives from the 《Modern Chinese Dictionary》, I have observed that they are combined with the aspect particle ‘guo(过)’. The conclusion of this study are outlined in the follows. Many of the BA-type state adjectives that express color, sensation, shape, and properties are able to be combined with the aspect particle ‘guo(過)’. This speech phenomenon seems to have been possible during the transition period in which some BA-type state adjectives semantically shifted towards quality adjectives. The BA-type state adjectives such as ‘huohong(火紅), huibai(灰白),bizhi (筆直)’ signify both description of object and attributes and properties of object. Although in the same form, it is reasonable to consider the first as a state adjective, while the latter as a quality adjective that represents attributes and properties. In that case, only quality adjectives would have been able to be modified by the adverbs of degree like ‘hen(很)’ and negative adverbs ‘bu(不)’ at first, while state adjective could not. However, since this rule is much too complicated, quality adjectives and BA-type state adjectives would have been progressively integrated to receive adverbs of degree like ‘hen(很)’ and negative adverbs ‘bu(不)’. As BA-type state adjective shares similar linguistic function of quality adjective, it can be conjectured that ‘BA-type state adjective’+‘guo(過)’ construction has also emerged. Finally, all of these rules are gradually being broadly extended to the typical BA-type state adjectives by the ‘analogical thinking’.