외국만화교육사례연구 - 프랑스

강효숙 한국만화애니메이션학회 2008 한국만화애니메이션학회 학술대회자료집 Vol.2008 No.6

제2차 동학농민전쟁과 일본군 - 일본군의 생포농민군 처리를 중심으로 -

강효숙 전북사학회 2007 전북사학 Vol.0 No.30

동학농민전쟁과 일본군

강효숙 재단법인 내일을여는역사재단 2014 내일을 여는 역사 Vol.57 No.-

청일전쟁에 있어 일본군의 동학농민군 진압

강효숙 원광대학교 인문학연구소 2005 열린정신 인문학연구 Vol.6 No.-

At around the time of the outbreak of Sino-Japanese war, Japan dispatched military units to Korea for the purpose of establishing military bases there. The task of the unites was to protect military communication lines and the bases. The suppression of the Tonghak peasnt army by the Japanese military was carried out as if that were an essential element in the achievement of that purpose. In that sense, the second Tonghak peasant war was provoked by Japan and it would be possible to evaluate it as "another Sino-Japanese War." Japanese troops were mobilized to Hamchang-Hyun on August 28 for the purpose of the initial oppression of the peasant army and, taking advantage of the uprising of volunteer troops in Andong, Kyungsang-Do, on September 22, the suppression of the peasant army was accelerated. The second Tonghak peasant war, unofficially, had already started before the second uprising of Junbongjoon's peasant army. The Korean government's official request to Japan to "subdue" the peasant army was also realized by pressuring the Korean government to accept Japanese military reinforcements. The suppression of the peasant army thus carried out arbitrarily by the Japanese mimlitary and it developed into a massacre order to ki.. everyone. The exhaustive suppression of the peasant army was carried out later, centered in the 19th Battalion, whose sole purpose was the full-scale suppression of the peasant army. This could be looked upon as the first massacre of civilians overseas by the modern Japanese military in compliance with orders issued by the top military leadership responsible for the war.

일본의 전쟁 인식화-동학농민전쟁·청일전쟁 시기를 중심으로-

강효숙 한일민족문제학회 2015 한일민족문제연구 Vol.29 No.-

In the transitional period to modern times, the wars launched by the Meiji(明治) government of Japan expanded from occupation of Hokkaido for national unification to the wars of aggression including Donghak Peasant War and Sino-Japanese War. In particular, behind the wars of overseas aggression was the fantasy about the western civilization. The shock of Kurobune(黑船) in the late the Tokugawa Shogunate inculcated fantasy on the western civilization to the intellectuals in Japan, producing “Leaving Asia” by Fukuzawa Yukichi(福澤諭吉) and “Korea as the Profit Line of Japan”, “Conquest of Korea” by Yamagata Aritomo(山県有朋) after establishing the Meiji government. This made Japan think positive about the wars within the limit of “desperate civilization (=autonomous nation, independence)” Japan faced at that time. At the same time, the Japanese government made efforts to revise the treaty towards ‘Civilized Nation’ by James Lorimer. Concluding equal treaties with the advanced colonial empires means joining the ranks of civilized nations, which established the International Law, and that the wars of overseas aggression are approved by the advanced colonial empires. ‘War education’ for the general public during the first Japan’s wars of overseas aggression in the transitional period to modern times, Donghak Peasant War and Sino-Japanese War, which is the period before recognizing the historical wars under the education system, was implemented in the form of proclaiming the superiority of Japan and inculcating the view of contempt against Korea and China through wars, as the information of the intended wars by the Japanese government was posted on the newspapers or magazines under the control of the government. Such cultivated recognition of wars has played a big role in education on war for adolescents under the educational system after being historicized since the Russian-Japanese War, and newspapers and magazines have continued to play an educational role for the general public. 근대이행기, 일본 메이지(明治)정부에 의한 전쟁은 국내 통일을 목적으로 한 홋카이도 점령부터 시작하여 점차 동학농민전쟁, 청일전쟁 등 해외침략전쟁으로 확대되어 갔다. 특히 해외침략전쟁의 배경에는 서구문명에 대한 환상이 진하게 깔려 있었다. 에도(江戶) 막부 말 구로부네(黑船)의 충격은 일본 지식인에게 서구문명에 대해 환상을 갖게 하였고, 이는 메이지(明治)정부 성립 이후 후쿠자와 유키치(福澤諭吉)의 “탈아론”과 야마가타 아리토모(山県有朋)의 “일본의 이익선으로서의 한국”, “征韓論”을 탄생시켰다. 이것은 당시 일본이 마주한 “절실한 문명(=자주적 국가, 독립)”이라는 한정 속에서 전쟁을 긍정하게 만들었다. 동시에 일본정부는 제임스 로리마의 ‘문명국’을 향해 조약개정 노력에 진력하였다. 선진 식민제국과 평등조약을 체결한다는 것은 국제법을 만든 문명국 대열에 들어간다는 것을 의미하고, 이는 선진 식민제국으로부터 일본의 해외침략전쟁이 용납된다는 것을 의미하는 것이었다. 교육제도를 통한 역사화 된 전쟁 인식 이전 시기인, 근대이행기 일본 최초의 해외침략전쟁인 동학농민전쟁·청일전쟁 시기, 일반 민중에 대한 ‘전쟁 교육’은, 일본정부의 통제 하에, 일본정부가 의도한 전쟁 내용이 신문 혹은 잡지 등에 게재되어, 전쟁을 통한 일본의 우월성을 내세우는 동시에 한중에 대해서는 멸시관을 심어주는 형태로 나타났다. 이렇게 배양된 전쟁에 대한 인식은 러일전쟁 이후 역사화 되어 교육제도를 통해 청소년 전쟁 교육에 큰 역할을 담당하게 되었고, 신문 및 잡지 등은 주로 일반 민중을 교육시키는 역할을 담당하는 형태로 지속되었다.

제2차 동학농민전쟁과 일본군 관련 사료 해제 일본 방위성 방위연구소 도서관 소장 사료를 중심으로

강효숙 한국근현대사학회 2008 한국 근현대사 연구 Vol.47 No.-

1940년대 초반 도쿄ㆍ요코하마 지역 항일운동 -순창지역 남산대 신씨家의 항일운동-

강효숙 전북사학회 2011 전북사학 Vol.0 No.39

To date, the study on the anti-Japanese movement of the Korean residents in Japan is focused on three objects of study. First, the time is from the late 1920 to the 1930s. Second, the region are the Kantou(關東) district(=Tokyo and surrounding areas) and the Kansai(關西) district(=Osaka and surrounding areas). Third, the theme is a famous person or a famous group. Therefore, there are few studies on the anti-Japanese movement of the Korean studying in Japan in the 1940s. This study is about to investigate the characteristic of the anti-Japanese movement group of the Korean residents in Japan by "Tokyo Korean Communism Group Case of January, 1940" and "Yokohama Korean Student Communist Group Case of December, 1941". The above two cases had characteristics that the members involved in the cases were from the same family and the same town or region such as the Goryeong Sin family(高靈申氏家門), those organizations were small and secret, and connecting by Kim Yonggyu(金容珪). The reason for organizing small and secretly was due to the Japanese government's oppressive and conciliatory measure on Korean studying in Japan. With the upcoming World War Ⅱ, the Japan's government was anxious that Korean students studying in Japan would be the potential leaders of the anti-Japanese movement, so consequently it tightened the oppressive and conciliatory policy more strictly, while it provided an institutional strategy to keep watch on them through organizing Hyupwhahoe(協和會), Korean scholarship committee(朝鮮獎學會) and the like

1923년 관동지역 조선인학살 관련 향후 연구에 대한 고찰 - 일변협(日辯協)의 보고서를 중심으로 -

강효숙 전북사학회 2015 전북사학 Vol.0 No.47

The purpose of this article was to provide the foundational data for integrated research of massacres of Chosun people by Japanese military, government, and citizens at occurrence of the Great Kanto Earthquake, by identifying the massacre sites, the buried places and identities of dead Chosun people which had been little identified until now, as the methodology for integrated arrangement of the Chosun people massacre problems at the time of the Great Kanto Earthquake. However, such work can be performed after analyzing huge volume of data and precedent studies, etc. and will take a long time. Therefore, it was intended to analyze and introduce some content of The Report on Investigation of the Application for Remedy of Human Rights for the Great Kanto Earthquake attached to the Recommendation Book of Japan Federation of Bar Associations, so as to be used as the foundation of future studies concerned. The report were strictly and historically researched into the details of massacres of Chosun people and responsibilities, apologies, investigation of whole pictures and facts, and identification of the causes were asked to Japanese government; the report is deemed to be meaningful in the respect that the methodology and direction of studies was suggested. The properties of massacres of Chosun people shown in the report have been simply and clearly arranged in the thesis "Memorial and Research Activities of the Massacre of Koreans in the Aftermath of the Earthquake (關東大震災時の朝鮮人虐殺と地域における追悼·調査の活動と現狀)" authord by Tanaka Masadaka (田中正敬) , the professor of SenShu University, which was published in July 2014. In this study, therefore, the regional properties of massacres of Chosun people were identified by introducing the part of the thesis of Prof Tanaka Masadaka

관동대지진 당시 조선인 학살의 의미 – 민족, 제노사이드 -

강효숙 전북사학회 2018 전북사학 Vol.0 No.52

일반적으로 조선과 일본의 근대 관계는 식민지와 식민제국, 저항과 탄압이라는 구조를 중심으로 이해되어 왔다고 할 수 있다. 본 연구는 민족과 제노사이드라는 용어로 이를 대신하여, 특히 1923년 9월 1일 일본의 수도인 도쿄(東京)를 중심으로 한 간토(關東) 지역에서 발생한 대지진을 이용한 일본정부의 조선인 학살에 대해 고찰하였다. 학살 행태는 도쿄도(東京都)·치바현(千葉縣) 지역, 가나가와현(神奈川縣) 지역, 사이타마현(埼玉縣)·이바라키현(茨城縣)·도치키현(栃木縣)·군마현(群馬縣) 지역으로 구분 할 수 있고, 판결문 및 당시의 신문기사 등을 통해 학살 장소와 피학살 조선인의 신원 규명에 노력하여 총 112명의 신원 일부와 이에 포함된 수십 명의 무명 조선인을 확인하였다. 또한 참혹한 조선인 학살의 주범이라 할 수 있는 루머가 일본정부의 ‘의도적 조작, 배포’였던 사실에 주목하여, 당시의 루머가 현 일본사회에 큰 이슈가 되어 국제 문제가 된 혐한운동과 Hate Speech의 근대적 원점임을 살펴보았다. Generally, the relationship between choseon and Japan in the modern times can be said to have been understood centering on the structures of colony and colonial empire, and resistance and oppression. This study replaced the foregoing with the terms nation and genocide to examine the massacre of Koreans by the Japanese government using the great earthquake that occurred in the Kanto(關東) region in centering on Tokyo(東京), the capital of Japan, on September 1. The massacre behavior can be divided into Tokyo, Chiba ken, Kanagawa ken, Saitama ken, Ibaragi ken, Tochigi ken, and Gunma ken regions. Efforts have been made to identify the places of massacre and the identities of slaughtered Koreans through written judgments newspaper articles of at that time to identify parts of the identities of 112 victims and dozens of unknown Koreans included in them. In addition, taking note of the fact that the rumors that can be said to be the main culprit of the horrendous massacre of Koreans were 'intentionally manipulated and distributed' by the Japanese government, it was examined that the rumors at that time were the modern origin point of the anti-Korea movement(혐한운동 / 반한류운동) and hate speeches(혐오언설) that became a big issue in the present Japanese society to become an international problem.

일본군 제19대대 동로군, 제18대대, 원산수비대의 강원도 농민군 탄압 -일본 자료를 중심으로-

강효숙 동학학회 2015 동학학보 Vol.0 No.37