한우의 체내 수정란 생산에 영향을 미치는 요인에 관한 연구

김홍률,김홍률,김홍률,김홍률,김홍률,김홍률,김홍률,김홍률,김홍률 한국동물생명공학회(구 한국동물번식학회) 1997 Reproductive & developmental biology Vol.21 No.1

SiO2 에어로겔 박막에 대한 O2 플라즈마 처리효과

김홍률,홍정균,조문호,박형호 대한전자공학회 1998 대한전자공학회 학술대회 Vol.1998 No.1

신자유주의시대 FTA 추진과정에서 사회통합을 위한 전략적 보완성에 관한 연구

김홍률 한국무역통상학회 2018 무역통상학회지 Vol.18 No.2

As neo-liberalism economic innovation and FTA was progressed, 54 FTA global networks were built in 15 cases as of January 2018 through FTA roadmap and simultaneous strategy in Korea. However, diverse side effects have been steadily raised, e.g., collapse of the middle class, aggravation of Gini coefficient, increasing lower income class. If conflict among classes arise from income gap which result from market opening, procedural lawfulness of FTA will be damaged, thereby intimidating the social integration of whole society. Fortunately, Korean government has tried many strategic supplementary actions to overcome the side effect of FTA and to sustain social integration. Korean government has implemented strategic supplementary actions, e.g., strategic choice of negotiation target, compensation for damaged class. Consequently the effectiveness of FTA was not lost. Thus, the policy for Korea to simultaneously propel FTA for the goal to pursue FTA with large advanced economics is unchanged, the selection of target state, supporting for damage, effort to secure procedural authenticity under such policy can be said to belong to strategic supplementation to overcome the side effect of FTA.

FTA가 부산지역의 수산업 생산에 미치는 영향

김홍률 한국수산경영학회 2007 추계학술발표회 Vol.2007 No.-

부산 중소 수출입기업의 코로나 19 영향과 대응방안

김홍률,엄부영 한국무역통상학회 2021 무역통상학회지 Vol.21 No.5

On account of COVID-19 which broke out in December 2019, normal economic activity has been considerably impeded. Namely, consumer sentiment has been shrunken by social distancing and movement across national border has been blocked. The empirical analysis shows that small/medium exporters & importers in Busan have also suffered damage in trade and employment. The smaller companies suffer larger damage due to the own characteristics of Busan - many small & medium manufacturers. However, companies which use non-contact online export channel have suffered less damage. It was found that the COVID-19 damage of small/medium companies in Busan was not caused by problem in trade procedure like delayed custom clearance, but by difficulty in trade process like reduced consumption or procurement of raw materials. It is time for government to support digital conversion of small/medium companies in order to prepare for long term COVID-19. The government should support manpower & equipment so that they may build online platform or should improve the effectivity of public platform so that they may use it more.

정책·사업의 효과측정을 위한 수리모형의 이용에 대한 비판적 고찰

김홍률 한국정책분석평가학회 1994 政策分析評價學會報 Vol.4 No.-

부산-후쿠오카 초광역경제권 형성을 통한 지역경제협력 방안

김홍률 한국일본근대학회 2009 일본근대학연구 Vol.0 No.23

우리나라 FTA 추진정책에 대한 평가

김홍률 한국무역통상학회 2009 무역통상학회지 Vol.9 No.1

Korea's FTA policy can be evaluated to be successful in a sense that have concluded FTA with many countries including U.S. for a short period. However, it has been criticized as well that is low in the substantially concession level, and that failed to secure procedural justification and to well reflect even opinions of the interest parties. Now, Korea should be pursued a new strategy for FTA. Korea was already made an settlement with the United States in 2006. Korea will come to be driven with the developing countries in the future given reaching an agreement even with EU and Japan. Accordingly, Korea FTA policy in the future needs to be propelled with the aim of contributing to expansion of new market, of being conducive to securing natural resources, and of contributing to development in domestic industrial structure. And, as for FTA with the developing countries, Korea needs to be promoted that is linked with the natural resource cooperation, the economic cooperation, the support for industrial development, the technical support, and ODA, not FTA of laying focus only on our profits. Korea's FTA policy can be evaluated to be successful in a sense that have concluded FTA with many countries including U.S. for a short period. However, it has been criticized as well that is low in the substantially concession level, and that failed to secure procedural justification and to well reflect even opinions of the interest parties. Now, Korea should be pursued a new strategy for FTA. Korea was already made an settlement with the United States in 2006. Korea will come to be driven with the developing countries in the future given reaching an agreement even with EU and Japan. Accordingly, Korea FTA policy in the future needs to be propelled with the aim of contributing to expansion of new market, of being conducive to securing natural resources, and of contributing to development in domestic industrial structure. And, as for FTA with the developing countries, Korea needs to be promoted that is linked with the natural resource cooperation, the economic cooperation, the support for industrial development, the technical support, and ODA, not FTA of laying focus only on our profits.

중국 무역기술장벽(TBT) 규모추정과 한중 FTA에의 시사점

김홍률 한국무역통상학회 2016 무역통상학회지 Vol.16 No.2

Korea's export enterprises have being confronted many difficulties in export as China did not followed international standards, requiring extremely complicated certification procedures and redundant tests on Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT). There have been many items in electronic equipment, automobile parts, steel, chemicals, pharmaceuticals etc in TBT. Korea-China FTA signed in 2015 is expected to resolve these various issues related to TBT for the Korean companies. Because it mutually certifies internationally accredited tests (IECEE CB), guarantees national treatment, and promises information exchange for consumer safety. Considering the correlation between the number of WTO TBT notices of China by product and the amount of Korea's exports to China by product, the correlation coefficient was 75.3. The correlation coefficient between the number of TBT notices and the size of TBT was also 46.2. These results mean that the items that rely more on exports to China face more TBT, it also means that China has been using TBT as the industry protection and development policies since the 2000s.

Palatal Mucoperiosteal Island Flaps for Palate Reconstruction

김홍률,유대현,이원재,윤인식,진황,노태석 대한두개안면성형외과학회 2014 Archives of Craniofacial Surgery Vol.15 No.2

Background: Many options are available to cover a palatal defect, including local orfree flaps. The objective of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of palatal mucoperiostealisland flap in covering a palatal defect after tumor excision. Methods: Between October 2006 and July 2013, we identified 19 patients who underwentpalatal reconstruction using a palatal mucoperiosteal island flap after tumor excision. All cases were retrospectively analyzed by defect location, size, tumor pathology,type of reconstruction, and functional outcomes. Speech and swallowing functionswere evaluated using a 7-point visual analog scale (VAS) score. Results: Among the 19 patients, there were 7 men and 12 women with an age rangeof 25 to 74 years (mean, 52.5±14.3 years). The size of flaps was 2–16 cm2 (mean,9.4±4.2 cm2). Either unilateral or bilateral palatal island flaps were used depending onthe size of defect. During the follow-up period (mean, 32.7±21.4 months), four patientsdeveloped a temporary oronasal fistula, which healed without subsequent operative. The donor sites were well re-epithelized. Speech and swallowing function scores were6.63±0.5 and 6.58±0.69 on the 7-point VAS, indicating the ability to eat solid foods andcommunicate verbally without significant disability. Conclusion: The palatal mucoperiosteal island flap is a good reconstruction modalityfor palatal defects if used under appropriate indications. The complication rates anddonor site morbidity are low, with good functional outcomes