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중국 무역기술장벽(TBT) 규모추정과 한중 FTA에의 시사점
김홍률 한국무역통상학회 2016 무역통상학회지 Vol.16 No.2
Korea's export enterprises have being confronted many difficulties in export as China did not followed international standards, requiring extremely complicated certification procedures and redundant tests on Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT). There have been many items in electronic equipment, automobile parts, steel, chemicals, pharmaceuticals etc in TBT. Korea-China FTA signed in 2015 is expected to resolve these various issues related to TBT for the Korean companies. Because it mutually certifies internationally accredited tests (IECEE CB), guarantees national treatment, and promises information exchange for consumer safety. Considering the correlation between the number of WTO TBT notices of China by product and the amount of Korea's exports to China by product, the correlation coefficient was 75.3. The correlation coefficient between the number of TBT notices and the size of TBT was also 46.2. These results mean that the items that rely more on exports to China face more TBT, it also means that China has been using TBT as the industry protection and development policies since the 2000s.
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김홍률,최화위 한국국제상학회 2014 國際商學 Vol.29 No.2
본 연구는 한·중·일 3국간의 상호의존관계가 어떻게 변화하고 있는지를 알아보기 위해 「국제산업연관표」를 이용하여 1990년 이후 지난 15년 동안 3국간의 부가가치유발계수가 어떻게 변화했는지를 분석한 논문이다. 분석결과 한·중·일 3국간의 의존관계가 심화되고는 있지만 한국의 수입선이 일본에서 중국으로 전환되고 있고, 한국과 중국에서의 최종수요 증가는 모두 일본의 부가가치유발에 가장 크게 영향을 미치는 반면, 일본의 최종수요 증가는 한국보다는 중국에서 더 큰 부가가치를 유발하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 한국 및 중국의 수요증가에 따른 대일본 부가가치 유발분야는 일반서비스, 무역·운송, 기계류, 화학제품 등 몇 개 산업에 집중되어 있는데 비해, 한국 및 일본의 최종수요 증가에 따른 중국의 부가가치 유발은 거의 전 산업에 걸쳐 고르게 부가가치를 유발하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 앞으로도 한·중·일 3국간의 경쟁 및 상호의존관계는 더욱 심화될 것으로 보이는 가운데, 중국의 역할과 중요성이 높아질 것으로 예상된다. Purpose : The purpose of this study is to analyze the trade interdependence trend among Korea, China and Japan during 1995-2005, specially focused on the change of statues of China. Research design, data, methodology : The final demand on gross value-added data was used to analyze the intra-industry trade among the three countries. The data was extracted from “Asian International Input-Output table”, quinquennial report by IDE-JETRO. Results : The study shows that the effect of final demand of Japan on China is bigger than that of Korea on China. Moreover, as the growth of industrialization in North East Asia, all of the economic effects on production of China and Japan toward the other countries were increasing while Korean effect on Japan was decreasing and on China was increasing. Conclusions : The above results imply that interdependence among those three countries in North East Asia is increasing. In this context, Korea needs to stimulate the high value-added industries, such as petrochemistry and transportation industry in order to enforce the competition.
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김홍률 한국무역통상학회 2009 무역통상학회지 Vol.9 No.1
Korea's FTA policy can be evaluated to be successful in a sense that have concluded FTA with many countries including U.S. for a short period. However, it has been criticized as well that is low in the substantially concession level, and that failed to secure procedural justification and to well reflect even opinions of the interest parties. Now, Korea should be pursued a new strategy for FTA. Korea was already made an settlement with the United States in 2006. Korea will come to be driven with the developing countries in the future given reaching an agreement even with EU and Japan. Accordingly, Korea FTA policy in the future needs to be propelled with the aim of contributing to expansion of new market, of being conducive to securing natural resources, and of contributing to development in domestic industrial structure. And, as for FTA with the developing countries, Korea needs to be promoted that is linked with the natural resource cooperation, the economic cooperation, the support for industrial development, the technical support, and ODA, not FTA of laying focus only on our profits. Korea's FTA policy can be evaluated to be successful in a sense that have concluded FTA with many countries including U.S. for a short period. However, it has been criticized as well that is low in the substantially concession level, and that failed to secure procedural justification and to well reflect even opinions of the interest parties. Now, Korea should be pursued a new strategy for FTA. Korea was already made an settlement with the United States in 2006. Korea will come to be driven with the developing countries in the future given reaching an agreement even with EU and Japan. Accordingly, Korea FTA policy in the future needs to be propelled with the aim of contributing to expansion of new market, of being conducive to securing natural resources, and of contributing to development in domestic industrial structure. And, as for FTA with the developing countries, Korea needs to be promoted that is linked with the natural resource cooperation, the economic cooperation, the support for industrial development, the technical support, and ODA, not FTA of laying focus only on our profits.
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Palatal Mucoperiosteal Island Flaps for Palate Reconstruction
김홍률,유대현,이원재,윤인식,진황,노태석 대한두개안면성형외과학회 2014 Archives of Craniofacial Surgery Vol.15 No.2
Background: Many options are available to cover a palatal defect, including local orfree flaps. The objective of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of palatal mucoperiostealisland flap in covering a palatal defect after tumor excision. Methods: Between October 2006 and July 2013, we identified 19 patients who underwentpalatal reconstruction using a palatal mucoperiosteal island flap after tumor excision. All cases were retrospectively analyzed by defect location, size, tumor pathology,type of reconstruction, and functional outcomes. Speech and swallowing functionswere evaluated using a 7-point visual analog scale (VAS) score. Results: Among the 19 patients, there were 7 men and 12 women with an age rangeof 25 to 74 years (mean, 52.5±14.3 years). The size of flaps was 2–16 cm2 (mean,9.4±4.2 cm2). Either unilateral or bilateral palatal island flaps were used depending onthe size of defect. During the follow-up period (mean, 32.7±21.4 months), four patientsdeveloped a temporary oronasal fistula, which healed without subsequent operative. The donor sites were well re-epithelized. Speech and swallowing function scores were6.63±0.5 and 6.58±0.69 on the 7-point VAS, indicating the ability to eat solid foods andcommunicate verbally without significant disability. Conclusion: The palatal mucoperiosteal island flap is a good reconstruction modalityfor palatal defects if used under appropriate indications. The complication rates anddonor site morbidity are low, with good functional outcomes
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