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2007년 St. Gallen 유방암 컨퍼런스 하이라이트
박호용 한국유방암학회 2007 Journal of breast cancer Vol.10 No.1
The 10th St. Gallen International Conference- Primary Therapy of Early Breast Cancer was held in March 2007. The St. Gallen Conferences has focused on reaching expert consensus for patient treatment selection. Three categories were affirmed by responsiveness of endocrine treatment- endocrine responsive, endocrine responsive uncertain, endocrine non-responsive. Risk assessment will be similar than previous meeting (9th meeting) - low, intermediate, and high risk categories. The Panel recommended that patients be offered endocrine therapy or trastuzumab according to endocrine responsiveness or HER2 status. Chemotherapy offered to patients according to risk assessment. For patients with endocrine responsive and HER2 negative, selection of patient for chemotherapy is major challenge. The Panel of Expert attempted to answer many questions- endocrine therapy, chemotherapy, anti-HER2 therapy, and radiation therapy. This report focused on new information related to the best use of endocrine therapy and chemotherapy.
국제광물가격변동에 대한 몽골 경제의 대응방안 - 교역조건의 변화를 중심으로 -
박호용 한국몽골학회 2015 몽골학 Vol.0 No.43
This paper attempts to examine policy measures for reviving stagnant economy of Mongolia. Mongolian economy has been recently in a difficult situation because of downward trend in prices of minerals and presumably faced with an ordeal of protectionism. The Bank of Mongolia says mineral exports accounted for 90 percent of the country's economic growth, and recent stagnant of Mongolia has been most attributed to the downward trend in prices of minerals. According to the 12th GTA reports, G8 nations are being hit frequently by beggar-thy-neighbour policies, while small countries such as, Mongol and Korea are being harmed by protectionist measures more frequently than any other countries. The consequences shows that GDIs of China and Mongolia are recorded as lower than GDP because of negative gains of trade since 2005. This infers that the current loss of trade will be followed by a period of protection measures. We propose that we should basically prepare liberalizing measures, because Mongolia has been aimed at an open-economy export-oriented since the era of economic transition. On the other hand, we selectively prepare protecting measures because Mongolia is no longer small country in a point of view, such as mineral industry. Specific policy measures mentioned above are discussed.
박호용 京畿專門大學 1999 京畿專門大學 論文集 Vol.- No.27
This paper presents and analyzes Korean distribution markets in an era of boundless competition. Recently the Korean distribution market has been witnessing a remarkable change represented by the rapid spread of "price-busting phenomenon". It cannot be, however, stated that price-busting has been virtually conducted in Korea, as the competition by the price reductions in Korea still relies on distributors' manipulation of profit margins. Price-busting is viewed as a process of destroying the high cost structure formed in the course of production and marketing, and reforming commodity prices at the price level expected by the consumers. Therefore, in order for genuine price-busting to take place, initially market predominance should be shifted from manufacturers to distributors, who are close to consumers. As such, it may be judged that one of the pending issues in Korea's path to an advanced economy is to build a distributor-led market structure together with specialization in manufacturing by the suppliers. The work in this paper includes the present status of distribution industry and a way to enhance its competitiveness in an open market, in that you may find solutions to build an efficient structure of distribution industry in an open economy. The first chapter is devoted to the specifying the concept of price-busting phenomenon which prevails in Korea since opening distribution market 1996. The second chapter is concerned with the present status of distribution market and with factors of inefficiency. Finally, some institutional prescriptions are suggested to enhance the competitiveness in the distribution market.
柳江善,姜錫權,金槿榮,朴鎬用 서울大學校農科大學 1984 서울대농학연구지 Vol.9 No.1
The study has been carried out to obtain some basic informations on viral pesticide development in the fall webworm, Hyphantria cunea. The nuclear polyhedrosis virus was isolated from infected larvae in the fields. Also made were the histopathological observations with the fat body cells of larvae infected with NPV by using electron microscope and pathogenecity tests for the above viral disease. The results are as follows: 1. The shapes of nuclear polyhedra were triangular, tetragonal and hexagonal with their sizes being 1.75㎛, 1.62㎛ and 2.25㎛, respectively. 2. The maturation sequence in the fat body cells infected with NPV was observed as follows; 1) nucleocapsid protruding irregularly from virogenic stroma. 2) regular stacking array of 2-144 nucleocapsids, 3) random release of nucleocapsids from the cluster, 4) envelopement of nucleocapsids. 5) attachment of polyhedral protein with outer membrane of the enveloped nucleocapsids, and 6) the number of nucleocapsids as bundles in a envelope were 2 to 17 rods. 3. In the virulence of the nuclear polyhedrosis virus, median lethal dose (LD??) values were 1.90×10??, 1.20×10?? and 1.85×10?? PIBs/ml for the third, fourth and fifth instar larvae of H. cunea, respectively. 4. Median lethal time (LT??) values were 9.33, 11.29 and 16.5 days for the third, fourth and fifth instar larvae of H. cunea respectively at the level of 6.8×10??PIBs/ml