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남북 교역 및 경협보험제도의 운영에 있어서 무역보험 활용방안
윤상철,손지혜 단국대학교 미래산업연구소 2020 산업연구 Vol.44 No.3
This paper explains the characteristics of inter-Korean trade and economic cooperation insurance system, and analyzes the operating problems of the present insurance system. The paper offers a policy suggestion for the effective role of trade insurance in order to improve the operating problems of the present insurance system. In particular, we can consider the phased support system of trade insurance according to the development stage of economic cooperation between South and North Korea. In case of the radical reform and open up of North Korea’s economy, political risk as well as credit risk should be reliefed for a limited time within 6 month or 1 year to promote the investment of South Korea’s firms by trade insurance or gorvernment guarantees. 본 논문은 남북 교역 및 경협보험의 제도적 특징에 대해 살펴보고, 기존 남북한간 교역 및 경협보험의 운영에 따른 문제점들을 분석한다. 그리고, 문제점들을 개선하는 과정에 있어서 무역보험 활용과 관련된 정책적 제언들을 행하고자 한다. 특히 남북간 경제협력에 따른 무역보험의 단계적 지원방안을 고려해 볼 수 있다. 1단계로 경협재개 초기에는 남북한간 협정체결을 통한 적절한 신용한도를 설정하여 지원하고, 2단계 경협이 점차 본격화되면 신용한도를 확대하여 지원하고 나아가 무역보험의 정상인수와 제3국 수출거래 인수 등으로 무역보험의 지원을 확대하며, 3단계 남북이 하나의 시장으로 통합되면 무역보험제도를 전수하는 등 적극적인 무역보험 지원을 도모할 필요가 있다. 또한 북한의 급격한 개혁개방이 일어날 경우에는 북한지역에 남한기업들의 투자 진출을 촉진시키기 위해서 6개월 또는 1년 동안 한시적으로 신용위험과 정치적 위험을 우리 정부가 지급보증을 하거나, 무역보험의 적정한 지원을 강구해 나갈 필요가 있다.
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윤상철,허윤경,최재갑,Yoon, Sang-Chul,Hur, Yun-Kyung,Choi, Jae-Kap 대한안면통증구강내과학회 2007 Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain Vol.32 No.4
The aim of this study was to measure the suprathreshold taste intensity for NaCl, sucrose, citric acid, and quinine HCl in elderly Korean women using a whole-mouth, sip-and-spit procedure, employing the method of magnitude matching. The results were analysed in terms of aging, menopause, and salivary flow rate. 31 elderly women (mean age; $50.8{\pm}5.1$ years) and 30 young women (mean age; $25.1{\pm}1.71$ years) were included for the study. Subjects were instructed to give nonmodulus magnitude estimates to the intensities of five concentrations each of sucrose, NaCl, citric acid, and quinine HCl; distilled water; 6 loudness level of a 1,000-Hz tone, using the same 9-point intensity scale. Each of the 21 taste stimuli and 6 auditory stimuli are presented in random order twice. The auditory function is used to assess the absolute intensity function of the subject's taste system. The results were as follows; 1. Comparing to young women, elderly women showed decreased taste intensities for lower concentration solutions of NaCl and sucrose. However, other solutions didn't show any difference in taste intensities between young and elderly women. 2. There were not significant difference in perceived taste intensities for NaCl, sucrose, citric acid, and quinine HCl between menopause and pre-menopause women in elderly women group. 3. There were not significant difference in perceived taste intensities for NaCl, sucrose, and quinine HCl between low salivation women and high salivation women in elderly women group. 4. The low salivation women in elderly group showed higher taste intensity for low concentration citric acid than high salivation women.
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윤상철 한국무역보험학회 2018 무역금융보험연구 Vol.19 No.1
오늘날 디지털 전환이 진행되면서 경제와 사회를 재형성하고 있으며, 이러한 변화는 미래에도 지속될 것으로 보인다. 이러한 디지털 전환은 우리에게 주어진 새로운 시대적 도전이며 동시에 기회이기도 하다. 정책결정들에 대한 도전은 점증적으로 디지털화되는 글로벌 경제의 이점을 최대화하고 연관된 도전들을 적절하게 대응하는 정책조합을 찾아내는 것이다. 특히 경제의 디지털 전환은 국제무역환경을 근본적으로 변화시키고 있다. 디지털화는 디지털 전달로 부터 보다 광범위한 물리적 거래에 까지 무역거래의 방식뿐 만 아니라 무역거래의 대상 자체를 변화시키고 있다. 앞으로 불확실성이 높은 글로벌 무한경쟁 환경에 대응하여 정부는 새로운 디지털 전환의 기회와 새로운 무역 패러다임으로써 디지털 무역의 이점을 적극 창출해 나가야 할 것이다. The digital transformation underway is reshaping economics and societies today and will continue to do so in the future. This ongoing digital transformation is posing new periodical challenges and opportunities at the same time. The challenge for policy makers is to identify the policy mix that will enable their economies to best maximize the benefits of an increasingly digitalised global economy and adequately address the resulting challenges. In particular, the digital transformation of the economy is fundamentally changing the international trade landscape. Digitalisation is changing what as well as how we trade: from digital delivery to greater physical trade enabled by digital connectivity. Policy design should seek to nurture the gains from digital trade as a new trade paradigm and create new opportunity for digital transformation upcoming highly uncertain global competition environment.
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윤상철,백혜정.Sang Chul Yoon. M.D.. Hye Jung Paik. M.D.. Ph.D. 대한안과학회 2008 대한안과학회지 Vol.49 No.11
Purpose: To evaluate the postoperative changes of stereopsis after surgical correction of adult strabismus. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated strabismus patients older than 16 years at the time of operation at our hospital between April of 1999 and December of 2006. We retrospectively examined the medical records of 53 exotropia and 11 esotropia patients. We divided the pre-operative stereopsis into three groups:above 3000 arc of sec, between 3,000 to 100 arc of sec, and below 100 arc of sec. We analyzed the correlation between the post-operative status of stereopsis and the pre-op type of strabismus, the onset and duration of strabismus, and the presence or absence of amblyopia. Results: In patients who had pre-op stereopsis above 3,000 arc of sec, 31.6% showed improvement, whereas 77.8% of patients who had pre-operative stereopsis between 3,000~100 showed improvement; this value was 89.5% for patients with pre-operative stereopsis below 3000. 94.5% of patients in the intermittent exotropia group who had a good pre-operative stereopsis condition showed postoperative improvement and maintenance. For those patients with poor stereopsis at pre-operative, 32.2% of patients with exotropia and 18.1% of patients with esotropia showed improvement. Stereopsis decreased when consecutive esotropia occurred. Conclusions: This study showed deterioration of stereopsis in patients with consecutive esotropia. Post-operative stereopsis was correlated with the pre-operative stereopsis status and with the type of strabismus. No other factors that we examined were correlated with stereopsis. Post-operative stereopsis in exotropiaand intermittent exotropia were better than esotropia and constant exotropia. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 2008;49(11):1807-1811
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