發癌性物質이 染色體에 미치는 影響에 關한 形態學的硏究 <第一報>

具國會,白大鉉,黃祐典 최신의학사 1958 最新醫學 Vol.1 No.1

Since 1941, the success of experimental formation of cancer with tar in rabbit's ears by Rous, a cane tissue would be produced optionally in animal. Other hand, Omuro obtained -cancer in plants by tar application and open an epoch of the cancer development i plants. Strong reported that the mutation of susceptibility on gastric cancer formed in reproductive cells an hand on to the posterity. Murrey and Little claimed ;'that afactor in breast cancer would be hereditary, and Bittner discribed carcinogenic factors are transmitted. from mother through the maternal milk. Berenblum and ibis co-workers reported that the MUSTARD SULFATE, noncarcinogenic, conformed as a strong causative substance for mutation supresser the cancer development when it was used concurrently with the carcinogenic substances. Tatum, and Demerec had a study on mutation by applying 20methylcholanthrene to Neurospora, -and Drospohila but no relationship between the hereditary behavior of mutation and the carcinogenic power was obsesved. Boyland proposes that, the carcinogenic substance act to nucleic acid on carcinogenic mechanism and carcinogenic action is connected with the specific changes in chromosomes. Notwithstanding the cause on the genesis of tumours, the somatic cells which constitute the individual vary in the tumour cells, specially in the malignant tumours, the normal cells vary in automatically and unrestrictedly growing neoplasm. Therefore, many observers emphasize that the cancer is produced by the mutation in somatic cells. Here, as it would be the very interesting: problem to study experimentally about the carcinogenic substances which occur the mutation of somatic and reproductive cells, that we decided to study on the above problem. For convinience, we observe in three divided parts; first part, the observation of chromosomes in the selected plants which is able to adminstrate the carcinogenic substance and present the wide physicechological variation. Second part, observation of the reaction on the administration of carcinogenic substance. Third part, -observation of its heredity. Firstly, -in this part, we studied precisely about the morphology of chromosomes of reproductive cells of Tradescantia. 1) MATERIALS AND METHOD Materials; A tradescantia family from the agrecultural college of Seoul National University and the Choong Rang Kyo farm of Dong Kook University. The rea ons why we selected this plant, are it shows wide physioechological variation and we surmice the plant may be represent many variation when the administration of carcinogenic substance, and the ' convinience to observation since its long efflorescence. Method: Pollem mother cells of the experimental plant which preserved in unified temperature and moisture are observed at its highest mitotic period, 4 -to $ a.m. by smear method and studied the movements of chromosomes microscopically after acetocarmine or hematoxylin stain. II) RESULTS AND . DISCUSSION The chromosome number of the plant are 2n=12, ,but there are sometiines,triploid or tetraploid. Generally, the higher value of the poliploid 'appear the higher activity of growth and the incidence of the higher vital power. The length of nuclei of the pollem mother cells in the, Diploid were 33 to 35 micron, and 40 to 70 M81 t 7} tl-Iq-.10 l Tmicron in that of the tetraploid. In mitotic figures of diploid, the basic number in this plant, 5 pairs of chromosome arranged in perfect order at its equator and a residual pair of chromosome which separated from the, 5 pairs act automatically,, and then, the chromosomes move to the both opposite poles before or after the 5 pairs of chromosome. In triploid, chromosomes reveals various complexity on its movements to the poles and in tetraploid, two pairs of uniquely acting chromnsomes are separated from the ordered ten pairs of chromosome. Above discription indicates that the chromosome number of tradescantia family are 2n=12 and the author propose the basic number of chromosome in this plant are five and the extra chromosome is infered from the other system on the developmental procedure of the plant. The "bridge", founded in triploid, is related to the above discribed fact and is imaginable as a failed result of crossing-over of the gene and prove the possibility of wide variation. SUMMARY The results of hereditary observation in normal tradescantia are as follows. a) The chromosome number of tradescantia are 2n=12, and X=5 is the-basic number of chromosome and possible the wide variation. b) The higher value of poliploid show the higher activity of growth and stronger vital, power.

織維腺腫의 二例

具國會,黃祐典,薛奎東,徐廷翼 醫藥係社 1958 綜合 醫學 Vol.3 No.3

한국산 주정이 간손상에 미치는 영향에 관한 병리조직학적 연구

구국회,김종만,윤중진,우교석,박찬금,김승진,정영섭 최신의학사 1982 最新醫學 Vol.25 No.2

한국인의 자궁종양에 관한 임상 및 병리조직학적 관찰

구국회 漢陽大學校 1975 論文集 Vol.9 No.-

The confirmed tumors are leiomyomas, cervical carcinomas, cervical polyps, endometrial polyps hydatidiform moles, endometrial carcinomas and choriocarcinomas in order of frequency and 3/7 of them are malignant and the rest are benign. Leiomyomas are found most frequently as a benign tumor and the cervical carcinomas are seen most commonly as a malignant tumor of the uterus, especially from the age of 31 to the age of 40. The mean ages of menarche is 16.3 in leiomyomas and 17.0 in cervical carcinomas. Patients with uterine tumor who have experienced more than five pregnancies was 84.8 percent in the patients with cervical carcinoma and 55.5 percent in the patients with leiomyoma. Patients with uterine tumor who have the episode of more than two abortions was 5.6 percent in the patients with cervical carcinoma and 72.2 percent in the patients with leiomyoma. Patients with uterine tumor who have experienced more than five parities was 46.2 percent in the patients with cervical carcinoma and 25 percent in the patients with leiomyoma. Clinical symptoms were vaginal bleeding, vaginal spotting, postcoital bleeding in order of freqency in the patients with cervical carcinoma and lower abdominal mass, vaginal bleeding, menometrorrhagia, vaginal spotting, lower abdominal pain in order of frequency in the patients with leiomyoma. Sterility was observed in 23.7 percent of leiomyoma patients, 15.8 percent was primary in nature and the rest was secondary. Anemia was also noted in 35 percent of uterine tumors.

디젤엔진으로부터 배출되는 SO₂ 에 의한 페롭스카이트 촉매의 활성저하에 관한 연구

구국회,김이광,정덕영,오광중 대한환경공학회 2001 대한환경공학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2001 No.12

Rhombic sulfur(斜方黃) 및 trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole이 간에 미치는 영향에 관한 실험적 연구

임길홍,김광회,구국회 한양대학교 의과대학 1984 한양의대 학술지 Vol.4 No.2

Rhombic sulfur has been not only believed traditionally as marvelous tonic, but also used for extermination of insects, sterilization and disinfection. Among many chemotherapeutants, particularly sulfa drugs have been believed to be dramatically effective for various inflammatory diseases and disposed to use so improperly that it has become an important problem in modern medicine. von Oettingen reported on the toxic symptom caused by an excessive intake of sulfur. In that while, toxic changes of various sulfa drugs on the liver have been studied by many investigators. However, the mechanism and pattern of sulfur and sulfa drug induced injuries have not been settled yet. This study is conducted anatopathologically and biochemically to evaluate the effects of rhombic sulfur and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim) upon the liver and blood. One hundred fifty Sprague-Dawley rats weighing about 200g have been used for the experiment and divided into 1) basic diet fed group (control), 2) rhombic sulfur administered group and 3) Bactrim administered group. The basic diet was nutritionally composed of adequate solid diet, and each rat was administered orally 15-20g of basic diet per day, Rhombic sulfur (25, 250mg), Bactrim (20, 200mg) were administered to appropriate group orally per rat per day. In doing this, the liver has been examined grossly and microscopically, and the serum glutamic oxalacetic transaminase (GOT), glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT), alkaline phosphatase, total bilirubin, hemoglobin levels and white cell series in each rat have been also measured. The results obtined from this study are as follows: 1) In both rhombic sulfur administered group and Bactrim administered group, serum GOT, GPT, alkaline phosphatase, total bilirubin, eosinophil and monocyte were increased, while hemoglobin and neutrophil decreased. The hepatic cord cells revealed various degree of swelling, fatty change and necrosis. These changes in the rhombic sulfur administered geoup were more severe than that of the Bactrim administered group. 2) Particularly morphologic changes were directly proportional to the quantity and duration of rhombic sulfur and Bactrim administration.

유기인성 농약이 위장에 미치는 영향에 관한 실험적 연구

박찬금,정영섭,김종만,구국회 한양대학교 의과대학 1984 한양의대 학술지 Vol.4 No.2

Among many organic pesticides, organophosphorus chemicals have been believed to be almost nontoxic because they are not accumulative in the tissue. And therfore, organophosphorus chemicals have been used most frequently. However, some studies have reported quite many cases of farmers, cattle feeders and foresters who have been suffered from organophosphorus pesticides, and others have described on the incidence of agricultural pesticides ranging 20-45% of chemical intoxication. Thus, it has been gradually recognized that the intoxication from organophoshorus pesticide needs to be reviewed. This study is in this relevance, attempted to examine the effects of organophosphorous pesticide upon the stomach. In doing this, five different organophosphorus pesticides being used frequently in Korea have been selected. And they were divided into normal and experimental groups, and studied morphologically. The results obtained from this experiment are as follows; 1) Light microscopically, swelling of the mucosal cells, congestion and areas of inflammatory cell collection in the stomach are observed in the groups of EPN and DDVP administered. In addition, hemorrhage of the gastric mucosa are found in the parathion administered groups. 2) Electron microscopically, swelling or ruptured mitochondria and paetial detachment of microvilli in the stomach are observed in the groups of EPN and DDVP administered. Additionally, markdly ruptured mitochondria and partial detachment of microvilli in the stomach are visible in the parathion adminstered group.

Estrogen이 실험적 동맥경화증에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

이상구,김종만,구국회 한양대학교 의과대학 1984 한양의대 학술지 Vol.4 No.1

Atherosclerosis begins with the formation of atheroma within the intima having a core of lipid and a covering fibrous cap, and therefore, lipophage infiltrations are quite important in the atherogenesis. However, regarding the origin of lipophages, there are various opinions including theories of fibroblast, endothelial cell, monocyte or lymphocyte and muscle cell. The process of lipophage transformation is also controversial. And it is indicated that relevant treatment on this disease is a still symptomatic and conservative. Concerning the relationship between sex hormone and atherosclerosis, Lorenz reported of the atherogenesis reinforced by diethylstylbesterol. In that while, others have noted that estrogen not only reduces the occurrence of atherosclerosis but also restrains atherosclerotic changes. Additionally, many studies argue that levels of serum cholesterol, phospholipid and triglyceride are increased, decreased or unchanged, when estrogen is administered. This study is conducted to evaluate the effect of estrogen upon hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis. Eighty healthy female rabbits weighing about 1.7kg have been used for the experiment and divided into 1) basic diet fed group (control), 2) lipid aministered group, 3) lipid + estrogen administered group and 4) estrogen injected group. The basic diet was composed of 70-80g bean residue, 100-250g vegetable and vegetable and 80-100g pellet diet per rabbit per day. The lipid diet was composed of basic diet plus cholesterol 500mg/kg, corn oil 1.5g/kg, bile salt 50mg/kg per rabbit per day. 20,000IU/kg of estrogen was injected to appropriate groups intramuscularly per rabbit per 3 days. In doing this, aorta and coronary arteries have been examined grossly and microscopically, and the serum cholesterol, phospholipid, triglyceride levels and lipoprotein fractions in each rabbit have been also measured. The results obtained from this study are as follows; 1. In the lipid administered group, sreum cholesterol, phospholipid, triglyceride, VLDL, LDL were increased and HDL decreased significantly. The aorta revealedvarious degree of atherosclerotic changes. 2. In the lipid and estrogen administered group, serum cholesterol, phospholipid, triglyceride were decreased and HDL increased apparently in the comparison of those in lipid administered group. Atherosclerotic changes were also obviously repressed. 3. In the estrogen administered group, no significant changes were noted. The results obtained from this experiment indicates that 1) estrogen restrains atherosclerotic changes, 2) reduces abnormally elevated serum cholesterol, phospholipid, triglyceride, and 3) reinforces repressed HDL.

인삼saponin이 고지질 식이성 간손상에 미치는 영향에 관한 실험적 연구

박현수,김종만,구국회 한양대학교 의과대학 1984 한양의대 학술지 Vol.4 No.2

As the adoption of high caloric diet is recently increased through the progress of living standard, lipid metabolic disorders have been markedly increased, and it is populary recognized that an excessive intake of meat frequently creates hypercholesterolemia. Some investigators reported of atherosclerosis caused by cholesterol ester deposition of the aortic intima in hypercholesterolemia. In that while, others have described cholelithiasis and cholesteatosis in hyperlipidemia. Concerning the relationship between ginseng saponin and hypercholesterolemia, besides Sokolova's report, many studies indicated that ginseng saponin not only diminshes serum cholesterol (CHL) level and liver injury but also accelerates its recovery. This study is conducted to evaluate the effect of ginseng saponin upon hyperlipidemia and fatty liver included by lipid administration. Eighty normal rabbits weighing about 1.8 kg have been used for the experiment and divided into 1) basic diet fed group (control), 2) lipid administered group, 3) lipid & ginseng saponin administered group and 4) ginseng saponin administered group. The basic diet was composed of 70-80g been residue, 100-250g vegetable and 80-100g pellet diet per rabbit per day. The lipid diet was composed of basic diet & cholesterol 500mg/kg of ginseng saponin was administered to appropriate groups per rabbit per day. In doing this, the liver has been examined grossly and microscopieally, and the serum glutamic oxalacetic transaminase (GOT), glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT), alkaline phosphatase, total bilirubin, CHL, phospholopid(PL), triglyceride(TG) levels and lipoprotein fractions in each rabbit have been also measured. The results obtained from this study are as follows; 1) In the lipid administered group, serum GOT, GPT, alkaline phosphatase, total bilirubin, CHL, PL, TG, very low density lipoprotein, low density lipoprotein were increased and high density lipoprotein (HDL) decreased significantly. The liver revealed marked fatty changes. 2) In lipid & ginseng saponin administered group, serum GOT, GPT, alkaline phosphatase, total bilirubin, CHL, TG, PL were decreased and HDL increased apparently in the comparison of those in the lipid administered group. The fatty changes were also obviously repressed. 3) In the ginseng saponin administered group, no significant changes were noted.

인삼Saponin이 주정성 간손상에 미치는 영향에 관한 실험적 연구

유형렬,김종만,구국회 한양대학교 의과대학 1982 한양의대 학술지 Vol.2 No.2

Alcoholic lever disease, the occurrence of which has been highly increased includes spectrum of cloudy swelling, steatosis, fibrosis and cirrhosis. However it is indicated that relevent teatments on this disease are still symtomatic and conservative. This study was conducted anatopathologically and biochemically to evaluate the protective effect of ginseng saponin upon alcoholic liver damage. 240 healthy sprague-Dawley rats weighing about 200gm were used for this experiment and divided into the following 8 groups: 1. Control group fed basic diet. 2. Alcohol administered group. 1) low-concentrated alcohol administered group given 25% alcohol 2) mid-concentrated alcohol administered gorup given 32.5% alcohol 3) high-concentrated alcohol administered gorup given 40% alcohol 3. Alcohol and ginseng saponin administered groups. 1) low-concentrated alcohol and saponin administered group given 25% alcohol and ginseng saponin 2) mid-concentrated alcohol and saponin administered group given 32.5% alcohol and ginseng saponin 3) high-concentrated alcohol and saponin administered group given 40% alcohol and ginseng saponin 4. Ginseng saponin administered group. The basic diet was nutritionally composed of adequate soild diet, and each rat was administered orally 20-25gm of basic diet per day. Control group was administered basic diet with approximately 20ml of alcohol, instead of water, in addition to basic diet. Ginseng saponin was administered orally 5mg per rat per day with normal saaline. The results obtained from this study were as follows: 1. In alcohol administered group, serum enzyme (GOT, GPT, alkaline phosphatase) and bilirubin levels were elevated. Various degrees of cellular swelling, congestion and bile pigmentation were observed. Fatty degeneration and thickening of venular wall were also noter in mid- and high-concentrated groups at 40 days. 2. In alcohol and ginseng saponin administered group, serum enzyme (GOT, GPT, alkaline phosphatase) and bilirubin levels were decreased than that of alcohol administered group. Various histologic changes such as cellular swelling, congestion, bile pigmentation, fatty degeneration, and thickening of venular wall were markedly subsided than that of alxohol administered group. The data obtained from this experiment indicated that ginseng saponin reduced histopathologic changes caused by alcohol as well as lowered abnormally elevated blood enzyme (GOT,GPT, alkaline phosphatase) and direct bilirubin levels.