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Case Study Report Electrochemical Capacitor Latest Application
Toshihiko Furukawa,Naoki Akiba,Hiroyuki Wakabayashi,Shin Watanabe,Shinichi Matsunaga,Masakazu lsobe,Takariro Kikuta 전력전자학회 2019 ICPE(ISPE)논문집 Vol.2019 No.5
* Capacitor is a power device and Battery is an energy device * The device should be selected for a suitable solution from an overall cost performance viewpoint
Present Status of Research on Design and Processing of Functionally Graded Materials
Watanabe, Ryuzo,Nishida, Toshihiko,Hirai, Toshio 대한금속재료학회 2003 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.9 No.6
Recent activities in the research of functionally graded materials (FGMs) are reviewed with an emphasis on the fabrication techniques for graded microstructure and functions. The research activities have focused on the processing of graded structures that satisfy the designed functions. Several examples of practical applications of FGMs are described in the present paper to demonstrate the fabrication approaches typical to this kind of material. The remainder of the paper is devoted to summarizing a recently finished national project supported by the Ministry of Education of Japan. Research and developments with respect to FGMs in various fields including physics, chemistry, medical science, and biology are briefly reviewed.
Nakamura Takako,Nakao Asuka,Watanabe Minami,Ueda Kinji,Matsuda Toshihiko,Matsumoto Seiji,Yamaguchi Toshiharu,Haikata Masaho,Kaneko Asuka,Shirota Koji,Sasaki Azusa,Okamoto Shigehisa,Nakamura Yasushi 한국식품연구원 2022 Journal of Ethnic Foods Vol.9 No.-
Introduction: This study aimed to review the farming activity and the administrative measure to successfully increase the distribution of heirloom vegetable “mizuna” nationwide by examining the paradigm shift in the use of its young less-branched form for salad. We also discussed that breeding programs of the young form ironically resulted in reduction the flavor and the antimutagenicity of this vegetable. Methods: Through hearing survey, we explored reasons for the successful nationwide distribution of heirloom vegetable, mizuna. Through chemical analysis, the fragrant ingredients in mizuna, their antimutagenicity and the changes in their amount for one year were determined. Results and discussion: The primary factor for commencing the distribution of mizuna includes the new idea of using young less-branched form of mizuna as salad ingredient, which has been recognized by most who were involved in promoting the distribution of mizuna among farmers, distributors, and employees of agricultural extension section at Kyoto Prefecture office. The secondary factor is the fact that the primary factor coincides on a time axis with other two factors: the occurrence of the boom of Kyoto’s heirloom vegetables and the Vegetable Management Stabilization Project found as a measure of Kyoto Prefecture. We determined three fragrant compounds in mizuna, 3-butenyl isothiocyanate, 3-phenylpropionitrile, and phenylethyl isothiocyanate, of which their antimutagenic effects were also identified. Those amounts were highest at the best harvest season called ‘Syun’ in the past because of the cold temperature of Japanese winter in traditional open-field cultivation. Conclusion: It implied that the successful nationwide distribution of mizuna resulted from the administrative measures based on the paradigm shift in the new use of mizuna for salad due to increase in demand of the vegetable in contemporary dishes. The traditional cultivation of mizuna might be suitable if wishing the flavor and antimutagenicity at the best harvest season ‘Syun’.
Anionic Effects on Solvate Ionic Liquid Electrolytes in Rechargeable Lithium–Sulfur Batteries
Ueno, Kazuhide,Park, Jun-Woo,Yamazaki, Azusa,Mandai, Toshihiko,Tachikawa, Naoki,Dokko, Kaoru,Watanabe, Masayoshi American Chemical Society 2013 JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C - Vol.117 No.40
<P>A series of equimolar mixtures of Li salts (LiX) and glymes (triglyme (G3) and tetraglyme (G4)), [Li(glyme)]X with different anions (X: [N(SO<SUB>2</SUB>C<SUB>2</SUB>F<SUB>5</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>] = [BETI]; [N(SO<SUB>2</SUB>CF<SUB>3</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>] = [TFSA]; [CF<SUB>3</SUB>SO<SUB>3</SUB>] = [OTf]; BF<SUB>4</SUB>; NO<SUB>3</SUB>), were used as electrolytes to study the anionic effects of [Li(glyme)]X on the performance of lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries. The dissolution of lithium polysulfides (Li<SUB>2</SUB>S<SUB><I>m</I></SUB>), which are discharge products of elemental sulfur, was significantly suppressed in the solvate ionic liquid (IL) electrolytes, as seen in [Li(G4)][BETI] and [Li(glyme)][TFSA], wherein all of the glymes participated in the formation of the complex cation [Li(glyme)]<SUP>+</SUP>. It was found that NO<SUB>3</SUB> anions were irreversibly reduced at the composite cathode during discharge and BF<SUB>4</SUB> anions formed unexpected byproducts through a chemical reaction with the polysulfide anions. Successful charge/discharge of Li–S cell could not be performed in [Li(glyme)]X in the presence of these anions because of the undesired side reactions. The solvate IL [Li(G4)][BETI] was found to be electrochemically stable in the Li–S cell and allowed a stable operation with a capacity of 600–700 mAh·g<SUP>–1</SUP> and a Coulombic efficiency of 98.5% over 100 cycles, similar to that achieved by [Li(glyme)][TFSA]. In contrast, the Li–S cell with a concentrated electrolyte solution, [Li(G3)][OTf], showed a much lower capacity and Coulombic efficiency.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/jpccck/2013/jpccck.2013.117.issue-40/jp407158y/production/images/medium/jp-2013-07158y_0007.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/jp407158y'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
Zhang, Ce,Yamazaki, Azusa,Murai, Junichi,Park, Jun-Woo,Mandai, Toshihiko,Ueno, Kazuhide,Dokko, Kaoru,Watanabe, Masayoshi American Chemical Society 2014 The Journal of Physical Chemistry Part C Vol.118 No.31
<P>Highly concentrated, molten mixtures of lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)amide (Li[TFSA]) and ether solvents (tetrahydrofuran (THF), monoglyme (G1), diglyme (G2), and triglyme (G3)) were investigated as electrolytes for Li batteries. To compare the electrochemical reactions in the electrolytes with different solvents, the ratio of ether–oxygen atoms and Li<SUP>+</SUP> ([O]/[Li]) in the electrolytes was fixed at four. The capacity of a Li–LiCoO<SUB>2</SUB> cell with [Li(THF)<SUB>4</SUB>][TFSA] dramatically decreased upon charge/discharge cycling, whereas [Li(G3)<SUB>1</SUB>][TFSA] allowed the cell to have a stable charge–discharge cycles and a Coulombic efficiency of greater than 99% over 100 cycles. Corrosion of the Al current collector of the cathode was also affected by the composition of the electrolytes. Persistent Al corrosion took place in [Li(THF)<SUB>4</SUB>][TFSA] and [Li(G1)<SUB>2</SUB>][TFSA], which contain shorter ethers, but the corrosion was effectively suppressed in [Li(G3)<SUB>1</SUB>][TFSA]. Furthermore, lithium polysulfides, which are formed as discharge intermediates at the sulfur cathode of the Li–S cell, were much less soluble in electrolytes with longer ethers. Therefore, a higher Coulombic efficiency and more stable cycle ability were achieved in Li–S cells with [Li(G3)<SUB>1</SUB>][TFSA]. All the electrochemical properties in the batteries were dominated by the presence or absence of uncoordinating solvents in the concentrated electrolytes. This paper demonstrates that the structural stability of [Li(glyme or THF)<SUB><I>x</I></SUB>]<SUP>+</SUP> cations in electrolytes plays an important role in the performance of Li batteries.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/jpccck/2014/jpccck.2014.118.issue-31/jp504099q/production/images/medium/jp-2014-04099q_0010.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/jp504099q'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
새로운 항암성 항생물질 DA-125의 심장독성에 대한 평가
김원배,양중익,이순복,안병옥,백남기,도변준언 한국응용약물학회 1993 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.1 No.1
DA-125, a new anthracycline antibiotic, showed antitumor activity against animal tumors and human tumors. Therefore we studied the cardiotoxic potential of DA-125 in hamsters and rats as a part of safety research, and compared it with that of doxorubicin(DXR). In acute cardiotoxicity test model used hamsters DA-125 was administered intravenously at a dose of 6, 9, 12 ㎎/㎏, and DXR at 3 ㎎/㎏ was given. The electrocardiogram(ECG) of hamsters was recorded for 30 minutes after administration. The DA-125 caused slight ECG alterations at a dose of 6 ㎎/㎏. At a dose of 12 ㎎/㎏ DA-125 induced moderate to remarkable changes in ECG like decrease of heart rate, widening of PR interval and QT interval, and A-V block in 3 out of 5 animals. The severity of ECG alteration at 12 ㎎/㎏ of DA-125 was similar to that at 3 ㎎/㎏ of DXR and these changes caused by DA-125 and DXR recovered within 10 minutes after injection. In chronic cardiotoxicity test model used rats, DA-125 was administered intravenously once a week for three weeks at a dose of 6, 9 ㎎/㎏ and DXR was given at a dose of 6 ㎎/㎏. Electrocardiogram was recorded every week from the start of administration to 2 weeks after the last administration and the animals were sacrificed for histological heart examination at 1 week or 2 weeks after the last administration. DA-125 did not cause any abnormal changes in ECG and in histological heart examination due to administration, but DXR caused widening of ST segment, QRS complex, and QT interval from 1 week after administration and these changes were continued to necropsy. These alterations in ECG were accompanied by cardiac histological lesions such as vacuolation in myocardiac cells, interstitial edema and necrosis of myocytes. These results suggest that DA-125 is less cardiotoxic than DXR.