미적 주체의 탄생으로서의 니체의 죽음론 연구 : 쇼펜하우어와의 대결을 중심으로

오윤정 ( Oh¸ Yoonjung ) 한국미학회 2020 美學 Vol.86 No.4

본 글은 죽음의 문제를 둘러싸고 니체가 자신의 철학적 스승인 쇼펜하우어와 벌이는 사상적 대결을 조명하고자 한다. 쇼펜하우어는 이성적 주체가 삶과 죽음에 대한 진리를 인식하기에 한계가 있음을 파악하고 예술이라는 감성의 영역에서 이성주체의 한계를 넘어서는 길을 모색한다. 그는 예술 속에서의 찰나적인 ‘주체의 죽음’이 인간주체는 근본적으로 결핍되어 있고 또한 이를 죽음 뒤에 보상해줄 신적 실재도 없다는 진리를 직관하는 경험이라 파악하며, 이로부터 주체의 자기부정을 삶의 실천으로 권한다. 이에 맞서 니체는 예술의 ‘주체의 죽음’은 직관인식이라는 확장된 이성의 활동이 아니라 이성의식 저변에 약동하는 의지를 충만함으로 느끼는 체험이요, 이로부터 자기를 새로이 창조하는 ‘미적 주체-되기’를 촉진하는 체험임을 드러낸다. 미적 주체의 탄생을 통한 주체의 죽음 체험이 예술이다. 이로부터 니체는 죽음에 즉해 자기를 결핍으로 의식하는 근대적 주체를 넘어서 죽음이라는 한계마저 잊고 충만한 의지로부터 자기긍정을 행하는 삶의 실천으로 이르는 길을 열어보인다. 본 글에서는 이렇게 니체가 예술에 대한 쇼펜하우어의 사유에서 근대적 주체의 극복을 위한 맹아를 발견하여 자신의 사상에서 온전하게 개화시키는 여정을 구체적으로 추적하게 될 것이다. This paper highlights Nietzsche’s confrontation to his philosophical mentor, Schopenhauer, over a question of death. Schopenhauer finds that the rational subject has limitations in recognizing truth about life and death, and seeks ways beyond the limits in the aesthetic realm of art. He insists that the momentary ‘death of the subject’ in art is an intuitive experience of the truth that the human subject is fundamentally limited and has no divine entity to compensate for it after its death. Thus, he recommends self-negation of the subject as a practice of life, depriving it of hope after its death. Against this idea, Nietzsche suggests that the ‘death of the subject’ in art is not an extended activity of reason, that is intuitive recognition, but an experience that feels overflowing will under rational consciousness. Furthermore, he insists that art is the experience of promoting the “aesthetic subject-becoming” which creates itself from that overflowing feeling. Art is an experience of ‘death of the subject’ through ‘birth of the aesthetic subject.’ From this, Nietzsche opens the way to go beyond the modern subject, which is unhappily conscious of itself as a deficient dead-being, into the aesthetic subject which feels itself as a full birth-being, forgetting even its own death. This paper will trace Nietzsche’s journey, in which he finds a clue for overcoming ‘the modern subject’ in Schopenhauer’s thoughts of art and then, fully develops it in his own thoughts.

‘The Death of God’ in Nietzsche and ‘The Scream at Death’ in Deleuze

Yoonjung OH 한국비평이론학회 2016 한국비평이론학회 학술대회 발표집 Vol.2016 No.봄

니체 죽음론의 현대적 전유를 위한 예비연구 : 하이데거의 니체 이해에 대한 비판적 고찰을 통하여

오윤정 ( Oh Yoonjung ) 한국미학회 2021 美學 Vol.87 No.2

본 글은 니체의 죽음론을 현대적 지평에서 재전유하려는 기획하에 개진될 연구를 위한 예비적 고찰에 해당한다. 니체 사유에서 자기 의식의 확실성을 전제로 하는 근대적 주체를 넘어서는 ‘창조적 주체-되기’가 제시되고 있으며, 니체에게서 읽어낼 수 있는 독특한 죽음 사유는 저 ‘창조적 주체-되기’의 면면을 드러내는 데 핵심적인 역할을 하고 있다. 그래서 니체의 죽음론이 그 이후의 현대 사상가들에 의해 비판적으로 혹은 창조적으로 전유되는 과정을 추적하고 그러한 가운데 니체의 ‘창조적 주체-되기’를 보다 현실적이고 구체적인 실천으로 읽어내 보려는 것이 이 기획의 최종 목표점이다. 이를 위해 하이데거의 죽음론 및 니체 이해를 비판적으로 고찰하는 작업을 통해 니체의 죽음론을 규명하는 것이 본 글의 내용이다. 우선은 니체 죽음론의 대강을 소개하고 이것이 어떻게 죽음에 대한 초기 하이데거의 사유에서 전유되고 있는지 짚어본다. 여기에서 간취되는 양자 사이의 차이, 달리 말하면 초기 하이데거의 니체적 죽음에 대한 오해가 후기 하이데거를 형이상학의 완성자라는 니체에 대한 오해로 이끌었다는 것이 필자의 생각이다. 그래서 이어지는 절에서는 근대적 주체성의 완성된 형태로 제시되는 니체의 ‘힘에의 의지’에 대한 후기 하이데거의 독해를 소개하고 이를 니체의 죽음론을 중심으로 반박해 보인다. 이러한 고찰들을 토대로 마지막 절에서는 니체와 하이데거가 죽음 사유에 있어서 어떤 차이를 가지고 있는지를 구체화하는 작업을 통해 궁극적으로 니체 사상에서 죽음이 의미하는 바를 분명히 한다. 이러한 과정을 통해 니체적 죽음은 자기의식적 주체의 해체와 구축을 거듭하는 힘에의 의지를 위한 실천임이 드러나게 된다. This paper is a preliminary study for a project that interprets Nietzsche’s thought of death from the contemporary perspective. Nietzsche suggests the ‘creative subject-becoming’ which is beyond the modern subject of self-consciousness; his thought of death plays a crucial role in becoming the creative subject. Thus, the ultimate purpose of this project is to analyze his ‘creative subject-becoming’ in more detail and practical manner, by considering how contemporary scholars after Nietzsche appropriate his thought of death in critical or creative way. To achieve this goal, this paper investigates Nietzsche’s thought of death through a critical analysis of Heidegger’s understandings of death and Nietzsche. First of all, I briefly introduce Nietzschean concept of death and then, consider how early Heidegger appropriates it. From this, I addresses an early Heidegger’s misunderstanding of Nietzschean death, which drives later Heidegger to misunderstand Nietzsche as a philosopher who completes nihilistic metaphysics. For this reason, secondly, I refute the Heidegger’s later assertion that the concept of ‘will to power’ in Nietzsche is a complete form of modern subjectivity with an emphasis on Nietzsche’s thought of death. Last, on the basis of these considerations, I clarify what death means in Nietzsche’s thought by discovering what the early Heidegger overlooks in his appropriation of Nietzschean concept of death. In conclusion, this paper shows that death in Nietzsche’s thought is a practice for ‘will to power’ which recurs to destroy and construct the self-conscious subject.

잡지 말뭉치에 나타난 한국의 주거 감성 분석

오윤정 ( Oh Yoonjung ) 이화여자대학교 한국문화연구원 2020 한국문화연구 Vol.39 No.-

본 연구의 목적은 여성잡지 말뭉치 분석을 통해 현대 한국의 주거 감성의 실체와 그 변화 양상을 살펴보는 것이다. 이를 위해 1970년~2015년 주요 대중잡지의 주거 관련 기사로 구성된 주거문화 말뭉치로부터 형용사를 추출하여 양적 분석을 실시하고 의미분류를 통해 시기별 어휘 목록을 구조적으로 살펴보았다. 연구에서 사용한 말뭉치는 오윤정(2017)에서 구축한 말뭉치로 『주부생활(STYLER)』, 『여성동아』, 『여성중앙』, 『여원』, 『행복이가득한집』 총 5종의 대중잡지 기사로 구성된 말뭉치이다. 말뭉치는 해당 잡지들을 대상으로 1970~2015년을 범위로 하여 5년 간격의 3, 6, 9, 12월 호 기사를 수집하여 구축된 것으로 총 565,824 어절 규모이다. 본 연구를 위해서는 말뭉치의 형용사 어휘만을 사용하였다. 분석 과정에서는 각어휘가 지닌 기본적인 빈도 정보 및 ‘Kullback-Leibler Divergence’ 공식을 활용한 양적 분석과 일본 국립국어연구소 『분류어휘표(分類語彙表)』의 분류 체계를 활용한 질적 분석을 진행하였다. 그 결과 집중적으로 출현한 어휘가 의미범주별로 특징적인 변화 양상을 보이고 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. 이 연구는 그간 특별히 주목하지 못했던 문화 영역 특수목적 말뭉치를 연구의 대상으로 활용했다는 점과 추상적인 영역인 감성을 추적하는 방법으로서 어휘라는 구체적 실체의 계량적 분석을 활용하였다는 점에 의의가 있다. This research concerns the contemporary residential culture in South Korea in a diachronic approach. The methodology for the study is corpus analysis based on a quantitative linguistics approach. The basic data for this research includes articles related to the residence in the March, June, September, and December issues of five different popular magazines: Chubusaenghwal (Housewives Living(STYLER)), Yŏsŏngdonga (Women’s Dong-A), Yŏsŏng -jungang(Women’s JoongAng), Yŏwŏn (Yeowon), and Haengbogi kadŭk'an chip (A Home Full of Happiness). Articles from 1970 to 2015 at five-year intervals are extracted and used for building a corpus “Korean Contemporary Residential Corpus (KCRC).” The raw corpus was built including 565,824 words, and after morphological analysis and eliminating stop words, a list of content words was accomplished including type 31,214 and token 492,211. Specifically, only adjectives of the corpus were used for this research. For extracting the lists of the words, which have values to be analyzed, from the corpus, ‘Kullback-Leibler divergence formula’ was applied, and the lists were analyzed by ‘Bunruigoihyo(分類語彙表)’ which is one of the thesaurus systems. This study is meaningful because it provides a new research methodology in cultural studies.

《東國新續三綱行實圖》와 관련 儀軌 硏究

吳允禎(Oh Yoonjung) 미술사연구회 2011 미술사연구 Vol.- No.25

영원회귀사상에서 드러나는 니체 고유의 시간성: 『차라투스트라는 이렇게 말했다』를 중심으로

오윤정 ( Yoonjung Oh ) 한국미학회 2016 美學 Vol.82 No.3

본 논문은 니체의 『차라투스트라는 이렇게 말했다』를 중심으로 영원회귀사상을 규명하는 것을 목표로 한다. 니체는 스스로 영원회 귀사상이 『차라투스트라는 이렇게 말했다』의 근본개념이며 또한 삶자체에 대한 최고의 긍정형식임을 표명하고 있다. 그러한 만큼 영원회귀사상은 극단적 니힐리즘의 퇴로를 걷고 있던 시대정신에 맞서 삶을 그자체로 긍정하는 길을 모색하는 니체 철학의 정점에 서있다. 이러한 배경 하에 영원회귀사상은 전통적 이원론적 세계관이 압축되어 있는 발전적 목적지향적 시간관념에 맞선 니체 고유의 시간체험을 담고 있는 것이다. 이 시간체험의 면모는 니체 자신의 분신인 차라투스트라가 니힐리즘을 극복하는 여정으로 구체화된다. 영원회귀의 순간은 삶의 본성에 대한 인식으로부터 전개된 이성중심의 사유가 봉착한 한계의 순간이자 이러한 한계 앞에서 삶에 대한 부정적 사유가 긍정적 느낌으로 전회(轉回)하는 순간이며 또한 이 전회로부터 창조로서의 삶을 출발하는 순간이다. 이러한 순간체험을 전하는 영원회귀사상은 지적, 심리적 효과를 노리는 것에 머무는 것이 아니다. 그것은 그 자체가 니체 자신의 창조적 삶의실천이며, 니체는 우리가 그러한 실천이 발하는 상승하는 정조를 각자의 창조적 삶의 원천으로 삼을 것을 기대하고 있는 것이다. 이로써 영원회귀사상은 니힐리즘의 극복을 위한 니체 자신의 실천으로서의 니체철학의 정수임이 분명해진다. The main objective of this paper is to elucidate Nietzsche’s own view of time from ‘the Doctrine of Eternal Recurrence’ by focusing on Thus spoke Zarathustra. Nietzsche himself states that the doctrine is the fundamental concept of Zarathustra and the best form of affirming this life itself. From his statement, we rightfully assume that the Doctrine of Eternal Recurrence is the summit of his philosophy. As we know, his philosophy advocates ‘this life itself’ against the traditional dualistic philosophy in which this life is negated. In this context, the Doctrine of Eternal Recurrence contains Nietzsche’s own time-experience against ontological time-thought into which the traditional dualism is integrated. This time-experience is embodied through the journey in which Zarathustra, who is Nietzsche’s other self, overcomes the Nihilism. The moment of eternal recurrence is a multiple moment: at this same moment, knowledge of this life reaches the limit of rational thought, this life-negating thought is converted into life-affirming feeling, and life as a creation begins from this conversion. The Doctrine of Eternal Recurrence shows this moment-experience, and thus it is not intended to have an intellectual or psychological impact on us. This doctrine is itself an actualization of Nietzsche’s own creative life. By emitting his affirmative tone of creative life, Nietzsche expects us to take this tone as the individual wellsprings for creating each life. In this sense, his time-experience as the moment of eternal recurrence is the quintessence of his philosophy for overcoming the Nihilism.

‘Paldokangsan 3’ : a Walking Game for the Elderly Towards Good Memorization

KyungSik Kim,Yoonjung Lee,SeongSuk Oh 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Multimedia and Ubiquitous Vol.10 No.1

Old people are prone to get weak in their physical bodies as well as their memorizations. We have developed a serious game for the elderly named ‘Paldokangsan 3’ which is a walking game strengthening the ability of memorization with the interface of motion capture using Kinect. The experiments were done with 25 old people of more than 65 years old in ‘Cheonan’ city in Korea. Its effect analysis has showed possibilities of the improvement of memorization as well as improvement of concentration and vitality through this game. Also the French version of ‘Paldokangsan 3’ has been tested for 20 old people of more than 65 years old in France. There was no cultural conflict in France even though the street and characters were Korean with sounds in Korean.

Trends in the prevalence and management of major metabolic risk factors for chronic disease over 20 years: findings from the 1998-2018 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

Yoonjung Kim,Sun Jin Nho,Gyeongji Woo,Hyejin Kim,Suyeon Park,Youngtaek Kim,Ok Park,Kyungwon Oh 한국역학회 2021 Epidemiology and Health Vol.43 No.-

OBJECTIVES: We aimed to explore trends in the prevalence and management of obesity, hypertension, diabetes, and hypercholesterolemia in Korean adults from 1998 to 2018 using data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). METHODS: The study participants included 79,753 individuals aged ≥30 years who had participated in the health examination and health interview of the first (1998) to the seventh (2016-2018) KNHANES. The prevalence and management as well as annual percent change (APC) in chronic diseases were analyzed using SAS and the Joinpoint software program. RESULTS: The prevalence of obesity in men significantly increased from 26.8% in 1998 to 44.7% in 2018 (APC=1.9, p<0.001), whereas that in women decreased slightly from 30.5% in 1998 to 28.3% in 2018 (APC=-0.5, p<0.001). The prevalence of hypertension in men was 33.2% in 2018, with no significant change, whereas that in women slightly decreased to 23.1% in 2018 (APC=-0.9, p<0.001). The prevalence of diabetes in men increased slightly from 10.5% in 2005 to 12.9% in 2018 (APC=1.6, p<0.001), whereas that in women remained at approximately 8%, with no significant change. The prevalence of hypercholesterolemia in both men and women increased 3-fold in 2018 (20.9% in men [APC=8.2, p<0.001] and 21.4% in women [APC=7.1, p<0.001]) compared to that in 2005. The awareness rate, treatment rate, and control rate of hypertension and hypercholesterolemia increased 2-3 fold. Regarding diabetes, the treatment rate increased, but the control rate did not change. CONCLUSIONS: Over the past 20 years, the prevalence of obesity (in men), diabetes, and hypercholesterolemia has increased and management indicators, such as the awareness rate, treatment rate, and control rate of chronic diseases, have improved continuously.

S-298 Recurrent stroke in relation to the grade of patent foramen ovale

( Yoonjung Jang ),( Woo Jin Jang ),( Woo Jung Chun ),( Ju Hyeon Oh ),( Mirae Lee ) 대한내과학회 2016 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2016 No.1

Purpose: Previous studies have demonstrated a strong association between the presence of patent foramen ovale (PFO) and cryptogenic stroke. We aimed to investigate the relationship between the grade of PFO and recurrent stroke.?Methods: Consecutive 120 patients who underwent transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) for evaluation of cryptogenic stroke were retrospectively collected. Each stoke in all patients was classified as an index stroke and a recurrent stroke; the recurrent stoke was defined as a case which had definite history of previous stroke and/or showed old ischemic lesion on brain MR in addition to acute lesion. PFO was diagnosed by a cardiologist based on TEE using agitated-saline contrast and Valsalva maneuver. Quanti?cation of PFO was graded as 0 (no microbubbles), I (1-5 microbubbles), II (6-20 microbubbles), or III (>20 microbubbles). We also reviewed conventional risk factors of ischemic stroke in all patients.?Results: A total of 96 patients (55±13 years, 66 men) were analyzed after excluding 34 patients who showed extracardiac shunt, interatrial septal defect, or nondiagnostic TEE. PFO was observed in 88 (92%) patients; 8 patients with grade 0, 16 with grade I, 35 with grade II, and 37 with grade III. Index stokes and recurrent strokes were observed in 59 and 37 patients, respectively. Risk factors of hypertension (n=43), diabetes (n=12), dyslipidemia (n=25) and smoking (n=30) were observed. Increasing grades of PFO was not related to the presence of recurrent stroke in the study patients (p=0.118). In multivariate analysis including age, sex, PFO grading, and the risk factors, PFO grading was still not a significant predictor for recurrent stroke (odds ratio=0.68, 95% confidence interval [CI]=0.42-1.11). In the multivariate analysis, age, sex, and the risk factors were also not significant predictors for recurrent stroke (data not shown).?Conclusions: Despite a well-known association between the presence of PFO and cryptogenic stroke, the amount of shunt through PFO was not related to recurrent strokes in this study. The relationship between the grade of PFO and the recurrence of stroke needs large prospective study.

Comparison of Homologous Recombination Repair Gene Next-Generation Sequencing Analysis in Patients With Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Between Local and Central Laboratories in Korea

Kim Yoonjung,Park Inho,Kim Boyeon,Choi Yu Jeong,Oh Seoung Chul,Lee Kyung-A 대한진단검사의학회 2023 Annals of Laboratory Medicine Vol.43 No.1

Background: Following success of the phase III PROfound trial, the poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor olaparib was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration in May 2020 for adult patients with deleterious homologous recombination repair (HRR) gene-mutated metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). As locally adopted multigene panel next-generation sequencing (NGS) assays for selecting PARP inhibitor candidates have not been thoroughly evaluated, we compared the analytical performance of the FoundationOne CDx (Foundation Medicine, Inc., Cambridge, MA, USA) (central laboratory) and other NGS assays (local laboratory) with samples from the PROfound trial in Korea. Methods: One hundred PROfound samples (60 HRR mutation [HRRm] cases and 40 non-HRRm cases) were analyzed. The results of HRR gene mutation analysis were compared between the FoundationOne CDx and two other NGS assays [SureSelect Custom Design assay (Agilent Technologies, Inc., Santa Clara, CA, USA) and Oncomine Comprehensive assay (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc., Waltham, MA, USA)]. Results: The positive percent agreement for single nucleotide variants (SNVs) and insertion/deletions (indels) between the central laboratory and local laboratory was 98.7%–100.0%. The negative percent agreement and overall percent agreement (OPA) for SNVs and indels between central and local laboratories were both 100%. Compared with that of the FoundationOne CDx assay, the OPA for copy number variations of the Oncomine Comprehensive and SureSelect Custom assays reached 99.8%–100%. Most mCRPC patients harboring a deleterious genetic variant were successfully identified with both local laboratory assays. Conclusions: The NGS approach at a local laboratory showed comparable analytical performance for identifying HRRm status to the FoundationOne CDx assay used at the central laboratory.