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He, Xi-Biao,Kim, Mirang,Kim, Seon-Young,Yi, Sang-Hoon,Rhee, Yong-Hee,Kim, Taeho,Lee, Eun-Hye,Park, Chang-Hwan,Dixit, Shilpy,Harrison, Fiona E,Lee, Sang-Hun AlphaMed Press 2015 Stem Cells Vol.33 No.4
<P>Intracellular Vitamin C (VC) is maintained at high levels in the developing brain by the activity of sodium-dependent VC transporter 2 (Svct2), suggesting specific VC functions in brain development. A role of VC as a cofactor for Fe(II)-2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases has recently been suggested. We show that VC supplementation in neural stem cell cultures derived from embryonic midbrains greatly enhanced differentiation toward midbrain-type dopamine (mDA) neurons, the neuronal subtype associated with Parkinson's disease. VC induced gain of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) and loss of H3K27m3 in DA phenotype gene promoters, which are catalyzed by Tet1 and Jmjd3, respectively. Consequently, VC enhanced DA phenotype gene transcriptions in the progenitors by Nurr1, a transcription factor critical for mDA neuron development, to be more accessible to the gene promoters. Further mechanism studies including Tet1 and Jmjd3 knockdown/inhibition experiments revealed that both the 5hmC and H3K27m3 changes, specifically in the progenitor cells, are indispensible for the VC-mediated mDA neuron differentiation. We finally show that in Svct2 knockout mouse embryos, mDA neuron formation in the developing midbrain decreased along with the 5hmC/H3k27m3 changes. These findings together indicate an epigenetic role of VC in midbrain DA neuron development. Stem Cells2015;33:1320-1332</P>
Gallotannins from Nut Shell Extractives of Camellia oleifera
( Yi-chang He ),( Mei-jie Wu ),( Xiao-lin Lei ),( Jie-fang Yang ),( Wei Gao ),( Young-soo Bae ),( Tae-hee Kim ),( Sun-eun Choi ),( Bao-tong Li ) 한국목재공학회 2021 목재공학 Vol.49 No.3
Camellia nut shell was collected, dried at room temperature and ground to get fine powder. The powder was extracted three times with 95% EtOH, combined, evaporated, and then freeze dried. The crude powder was dissolved in H<sub>2</sub>O and then sequentially fractionated with n-hexane, CH<sub>2</sub>Cl<sub>2</sub>, EtOAc and n-BuOH. A part of EtOAc fraction was chromatographed on a silica gel and on a Sephadex LH-20 columns using MeOH, aqueous MeOH, EtOAc-n-hexane and EtOH-n-hexane to isolate gallotannins. Three gallotannins, 1,2-di-O-galloyl-β-D-glucopyranoside (2), 1,2,6-tri-Ogalloyl- β-D-glucopyranoside (3) and 1,2,3,6-tetra-O-galloyl-β-D-glucopyranoside (4), including gallic acid (1), were isolated and elucidated by NMR and Mass spectroscopies. Although nothing new, these gallotannins were first reported from the nut shell extractives of camellia tree (Camellia oleifera C. Abel). This study was to investigate the chemical constituents, especially hydrolysable tannins, of nut shell extractives of Camellia oleifera and to provide basic information for the future chemical utilization of this species.
Yi, Sang-Hoon,He, Xi-Biao,Rhee, Yong-Hee,Park, Chang-Hwan,Takizawa, Takumi,Nakashima, Kinichi,Lee, Sang-Hun The Company of Biologists Limited 2014 Development (Cambridge) Vol.141 No.4
<P>Understanding how dopamine (DA) phenotypes are acquired in midbrain DA (mDA) neuron development is important for bioassays and cell replacement therapy for mDA neuron-associated disorders. Here, we demonstrate a feed-forward mechanism of mDA neuron development involving Nurr1 and Foxa2. Nurr1 acts as a transcription factor for DA phenotype gene expression. However, Nurr1-mediated DA gene expression was inactivated by forming a protein complex with CoREST, and then recruiting histone deacetylase 1 (Hdac1), an enzyme catalyzing histone deacetylation, to DA gene promoters. Co-expression of Nurr1 and Foxa2 was established in mDA neuron precursor cells by a positive cross-regulatory loop. In the presence of Foxa2, the Nurr1-CoREST interaction was diminished (by competitive formation of the Nurr1-Foxa2 activator complex), and CoREST-Hdac1 proteins were less enriched in DA gene promoters. Consequently, histone 3 acetylation (H3Ac), which is responsible for open chromatin structures, was strikingly increased at DA phenotype gene promoters. These data establish the interplay of Nurr1 and Foxa2 as the crucial determinant for DA phenotype acquisition during mDA neuron development.</P>
He, Xi-Biao,Yi, Sang-Hoon,Rhee, Yong-Hee,Kim, Hyemin,Han, Yong-Mahn,Lee, Suk-Ho,Lee, Hyunsu,Park, Chang-Hwan,Lee, Yong-Sung,Richardson, Eric,Kim, Byung-Woo,Lee, Sang-Hun AlphaMed Press 2011 Stem cells Vol.29 No.11
<P>Understanding midbrain dopamine (DA) neuron differentiation is of importance, because of physiological and clinical implications of this neuronal subtype. We show that prolonged membrane depolarization induced by KCl treatment promotes DA neuron differentiation from neural precursor cells (NPCs) derived from embryonic ventral midbrain (VM). Interestingly, the depolarization-induced increase of DA neuron yields was not abolished by L-type calcium channel blockers, along with no depolarization-mediated change of intracellular calcium level in the VM-derived NPCs (VM-NPCs), suggesting that the depolarization effect is due to a calcium-independent mechanism. Experiments with labeled DA neuron progenitors indicate that membrane depolarization acts at the differentiation fate determination stage and promotes the expression of DA phenotype genes (tyrosine hydroxylase [TH] and DA transporter [DAT]). Recruitment of Nurr1, a transcription factor crucial for midbrain DA neuron development, to the promoter of TH gene was enhanced by depolarization, along with increases of histone 3 acetylation (H3Ac) and trimethylation of histone3 on lysine 4 (H3K4m3), and decreases of H3K9m3 and H3K27m3 in the consensus Nurr1 binding regions of TH promoter. Depolarization stimuli on differentiating VM-NPCs also induced dissociation of methyl CpG binding protein 2 and related repressor complex molecules (repressor element-1 silencing transcription factor corepressor and histone deacetylase 1) from the CpG sites of TH and DAT promoters. Based on these findings, we suggest that membrane depolarization promotes DA neuron differentiation by opening chromatin structures surrounding DA phenotype genes and inhibiting the binding of corepressors, thus allowing transcriptional activators such as Nurr1 to access DA neuron differentiation gene promoter regions.</P>
Wu, Ying,Gao, He,Li, Huaixing,Tabara, Yasuharu,Nakatochi, Masahiro,Chiu, Yen-Feng,Park, Eun Jung,Wen, Wanqing,Adair, Linda S.,Borja, Judith B.,Cai, Qiuyin,Chang, Yi-Cheng,Chen, Peng,Croteau-Chonka, Da Oxford University Press 2014 Human Molecular Genetics Vol.23 No.4
<P>Blood levels of adiponectin, an adipocyte-secreted protein correlated with metabolic and cardiovascular risks, are highly heritable. Genome-wide association (GWA) studies for adiponectin levels have identified 14 loci harboring variants associated with blood levels of adiponectin. To identify novel adiponectin-associated loci, particularly those of importance in East Asians, we conducted a meta-analysis of GWA studies for adiponectin in 7827 individuals, followed by two stages of replications in 4298 and 5954 additional individuals. We identified a novel adiponectin-associated locus on chromosome 10 near <I>WDR11-FGFR2</I> (<I>P</I> = 3.0 × 10<SUP>−14</SUP>) and provided suggestive evidence for a locus on chromosome 12 near <I>OR8S1-LALBA</I> (<I>P</I> = 1.2 × 10<SUP>−7</SUP>). Of the adiponectin-associated loci previously described, we confirmed the association at <I>CDH13</I> (<I>P</I> = 6.8 × 10<SUP>−165</SUP>), <I>ADIPOQ</I> (<I>P</I> = 1.8 × 10<SUP>−22</SUP>), <I>PEPD</I> (<I>P</I> = 3.6 × 10<SUP>−12</SUP>), <I>CMIP</I> (<I>P</I> = 2.1 × 10<SUP>−10</SUP>), <I>ZNF664</I> (<I>P</I> = 2.3 × 10<SUP>−7</SUP>) and <I>GPR109A</I> (<I>P</I> = 7.4 × 10<SUP>−6</SUP>). Conditional analysis at <I>ADIPOQ</I> revealed a second signal with suggestive evidence of association only after conditioning on the lead SNP (<I>P</I><SUB>initial</SUB> = 0.020; <I>P</I><SUB>conditional</SUB> = 7.0 × 10<SUP>−7</SUP>). We further confirmed the independence of two pairs of closely located loci (<2 Mb) on chromosome 16 at <I>CMIP</I> and <I>CDH13</I>, and on chromosome 12 at <I>GPR109A</I> and <I>ZNF664</I>. In addition, the newly identified signal near <I>WDR11-FGFR2</I> exhibited evidence of association with triglycerides (<I>P</I> = 3.3 × 10<SUP>−4</SUP>), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C, <I>P</I> = 4.9 × 10<SUP>−4</SUP>) and body mass index (BMI)-adjusted waist–hip ratio (<I>P</I> = 9.8 × 10<SUP>−3</SUP>). These findings improve our knowledge of the genetic basis of adiponectin variation, demonstrate the shared allelic architecture for adiponectin with lipids and central obesity and motivate further studies of underlying mechanisms.</P>
이용희,김창석,정광용,한성희,Yi, Yong-Hee,Kim, Chang-Suk,Jung, Kwang-Yong,Han, Sung-He 국립문화재연구소 1993 保存科學硏究 Vol.14 No.-
In order to study for the production techniques and the materials of using in Korean Lacquer Antiques, we examined the section structure by SEM and Microscope, the qualitative analysis of lacquer layer by XRF and XRD, the qualitative analysis of Golhae layer by XRF and XRD, the qualitative analysis of Golhae by EDS on the locquer-wares which was excavated from Anapchi Pond Site in Kyungju and Miruksa Temple Site in Iksan. In the lacquer-wares excavated from Anapchi Pond Site, the lacuqer-wares layers made by a cloth attached on the surface of wooden vessel and Golhae-a mixture of clay and lacquer-covered on the cloth and finally finished with the red lacqure, being mixed with pure mercury sulfide(HgS) and lacquer. And raw materials of Golhae made of clay. The lacquer-wares excavated from Miruksa Temple Site in Iksan, we presumed that the lacquer-wares used fine born grains in place of clay for the raw materials of Golhae. Expecially in case of black lacquer-tray, we found that lacquer put on the surface of wooden vessel without cloth attaching and Golhae covering and the production of wooden vessel was used power-driven machine.
우리나라 표고의 생장 , 부후특성 (腐朽特性) 및 톱밥배양에 관한 연구
박원철(Won Chull Bak),이은영(Eun Young Lee),윤갑희(Kab He Yoon),이원규(Won Kyu Lee),이창근(Chang Keun Yi),홍기성(Ki Sung Hong) 한국산림과학회 1994 한국산림과학회지 Vol.83 No.1
Studies were made to find out the mycelial growth and rotting characteristics of 91 Lentinus edodes isolates collected or hybridized in Korea and abroad, and their adaptability to bag-culture. The results are as follows. 1. There were little differences in mycelial growth at PDA and oak (Quercus mongolica) sawdust-based medium, and rotting among high-, mid- and low temperature types of L. edodes isolates. But. the fruit yield of high-temperature type was much higher than those of the other two types. The fruit yields of the isolates in the same strain group were apparently different. 2. From the sawdust-based culture of 91 isolates, FRI 221, FRI 208 and FRI 169 were selected as excellent strains in yield and Quality, showing fruiting of 157g, 152g and 119g per 1㎏-medium, respectively. 3. Attempts to culture in various media with different substrates resulted in almost same fruit yields, and the yield was proportional to medium weights as 2.5㎏-medium showed 2.5 times more yield than 1㎏ -medium. Fruit yields were different according to incubation periods and the period of little more than 100days was best. 4. When the correlation analyses among mycelial growth, rotting ability, yield and fruit-shape normality were made with the 91 isolates, mycelial growth at sawdust-based medium showed highly positive correlation with that at PDA, while fruit yield was negatively correlated with mycelial growth in PDA and sawdust-based medium.
정신지체 환자에서 외래전신마취 하 치과치료 후 발생한 폐렴 -증례보고-
서광석,장주혜,신터전,이영은,김현정,Seo, Kwang-Suk,Chang, Ju-He,Shin, Teo-Jeon,Yi, Young-Eun,Kim, Hyun-Jeong 대한치과마취과학회 2008 Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine Vol.8 No.2
A 15-years-old female patient with seizure disorder and pervasive developmental disorder was scheduled for dental treatment under ambulatory general anesthesia. She had past history of pneumonia and herpes encephalitis when she was 3 year old. Because of sever mental retardation and behavior disorder, routine laboratory test was substituted with physical exam and medical records of department of pediatrics. A few days before general anesthesia, she showed slight common cold, but pediatric consult had reported that there was minimal risk in general anesthesia. After 4-hour general anesthesia, she became critically sick with high fever, cough and malaise. After 10-day hospitalization with pneumonia and sepsis, she could go home.