The Application of Convolution Neural Networks in Handwritten Numeral Recognition

Xiaofeng Han,Yan Li 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Database Theory and Appli Vol.8 No.3

Convolutional neural networks are a technology that combines artificial neural networks and recent deep learning methods. They have been applied to many image recognition tasks and have attracted the attention of the researchers of many countries in recent years. This paper summarizes the latest development of convolutional neural networks and expounds the relative research of image recognition technology and elaborates on the application of convolutional neural networks in handwritten numeral recognition.

Postural Rehabilitation for Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis during Growth

Hans-Rudolf Weiss,Marc Michael Moramarco,Maksym Borysov,Shu Yan Ng,Sang Gil Lee,Xiaofeng Nan,Kathryn Ann Moramarco 대한척추외과학회 2016 Asian Spine Journal Vol.10 No.3

Long-term follow-up of untreated patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) indicates that, with the exception of some extremely severe cases, AIS does not have a significant impact on quality of life and does not result in dire consequences. In view of the relatively benign nature of AIS and the long-term complications of surgery, the indications for treatment should be reviewed. Furthermore, recent studies have shown that scoliosis-specific exercises focusing on postural rehabilitation can positively influence the spinal curvatures in growing adolescents. Experiential postural re-education is a conservative, non-invasive approach, and its role in the management of AIS warrants further study. This article reviews current evidence for the inclusion of various forms of postural reeducation in the management of AIS. Recent comprehensive reviews have been researched including a manual and PubMed search for evidence regarding the effectiveness of physical/postural re-education/physiotherapy programs in growing AIS patients. This search revealed that there were few studies on the application of postural re-education in the management of AIS. These studies revealed that postural re-education in the form of exercise rehabilitation programs may have a positive influence on scoliosis; however, the various programs were difficult to compare. More research is necessary. There is at present Level 1 evidence for the effectiveness of Schroth scoliosis exercises in the management of AIS. Whether this evidence can be extrapolated to include other forms of scoliosis- pattern-specific exercises requires further investigation. Because corrective postures theoretically reduce the asymmetric loading of the spinal deformities and reverse the vicious cycle of spinal curvature progression, their integration into AIS programs may be beneficial and should be further examined.

A Mathematical Model for Color Changes in Red Pepper during Far Infrared Drying

Ning, XiaoFeng,Han, ChungSu,Li, He Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery 2012 바이오시스템공학 Vol.37 No.5

Purpose: The color changes in red pepper during far infrared drying were studied in order to establish a color change model. Methods: The far infrared drying experiments of red pepper were conducted at two temperature levels of 60, $70^{\circ}C$ and two air velocity levels of 0.6 and 0.8 m/s. The results were compared with the hot-air drying method. The surface color changes parameters of red pepper were measured qualitatively based on L (lightness), a (redness), b (yellowness) and total color changes (${\Delta}E$). The goodness of fit of model was estimated using the coefficient of determination ($R^2$), the root mean square error (RMSE), the mean relative percent error (P) and the reduced chi-square (${\chi}^2$). Results: The results show that an increase in drying temperature and air velocity resulted in a decrease in drying time, the values of L (lightness) and a (redness) decreased with drying time during far infrared drying. The developed model showed higher $R^2$ values and lower RMSE, P and ${\chi}^2$ values. Conclusions: The model in this study could be beneficial to describe the color changes of red pepper by far infrared drying.

Drying characteristics and quality of red ginseng using far-infrared rays

Ning, Xiaofeng,Lee, Junsoo,Han, Chungsu The Korean Society of Ginseng 2015 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.39 No.4

Background: The current typical drying methods for red ginseng are sun drying and hot-air drying. The purpose of this study was to investigate drying characteristics of red ginseng by using far-infrared drying. Methods: The far-infrared drying tests on red ginseng were conducted at two drying stages: (1) high temperature for 24 h drying and (2) low temperature drying until the final moisture content was $13{\pm}0.5%$ (wet basis). The high temperature drying stage included three drying chamber temperature conditions of $60^{\circ}C$, $65^{\circ}C$, and $70^{\circ}C$. The low temperature drying stage was conducted at temperatures of $45^{\circ}C$ and $50^{\circ}C$. Drying characteristics were analyzed based on factors such as drying rate, color changes, energy consumption, and saponin content. The results were compared with those of the hot-air and sun drying methods. Results: The results revealed that increases in drying temperature caused a decrease in drying time and energy consumption for far-infrared drying. The saponin content decreased under all drying conditions after drying, the highest value (11.34 mg/g) was observed at drying conditions of $60{\sim}50^{\circ}C$. The sun drying condition showed the lowest color difference value when compared with far-infrared and hot-air drying. Conclusion: The far-infrared drying showed a faster drying rate, higher saponin content, lower color difference value, and a decrease in energy consumption than seen in hot-air drying.

Controlled synthesis of SrCO3 dendrites by a simple hydrothermal method

Yonggang Wang,Linlin Yang,Xiaofeng Wang,Yujiang Wang,GAORONG HAN 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2015 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.16 No.2

In this paper, we report the controlled synthesis of SrCO3 crystals by a simple hydrothermal method without any surfactants and templates. The as-prepared samples were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The effect of pH value, temperature, and reaction time on the formation of SrCO3 crystals was investigated. This novel route is proved to be simple and environment-friendly, which can be extended to the shape-controlled synthesis of other metal oxide nanocrystals.

An expanded Matrix Factorization model for real-time Web service QoS prediction

( Jinsheng Hao ),( Guoping Su ),( Xiaofeng Han ),( Wei Nie ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2021 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.15 No.11

Real-time prediction of Web service of quality (QoS) provides more convenience for web services in cloud environment, but real-time QoS prediction faces severe challenges, especially under the cold-start situation. Existing literatures of real-time QoS predicting ignore that the QoS of a user/service is related to the QoS of other users/services. For example, users/services belonging to the same group of category will have similar QoS values. All of the methods ignore the group relationship because of the complexity of the model. Based on this, we propose a real-time Matrix Factorization based Clustering model (MFC), which uses category information as a new regularization term of the loss function. Specifically, in order to meet the real-time characteristic of the real-time prediction model, and to minimize the complexity of the model, we first map the QoS values of a large number of users/services to a lower-dimensional space by the PCA method, and then use the K-means algorithm calculates user/service category information, and use the average result to obtain a stable final clustering result. Extensive experiments on real-word datasets demonstrate that MFC outperforms other state-of-the-art prediction algorithms.

Controlled synthesis and characterization of BiVO4 dendrites via a hydrothermal method

Yonggang Wang,Linlin Yang,Xiaofeng Wang,Yujiang Wang,GAORONG HAN 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2016 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.17 No.7

BiVO4 dendrites have been controllably synthesized by a hydrothermal method without any surfactants or templates. Thestructure and morphology of the obtained BiVO4 dendrites were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction, scanning electronmicroscope, transmission electron microscopy, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The effect of the pHvalues, precursors, solution concentrations, reaction temperature, and reaction time on the morphology and structure of theBiVO4 dendrites was systematically studied for the first time. It is found that the morphologies of the obtained BiVO4crystallites can vary from cubic-like to dendritic shape. The BiVO4 dendrites can be successfully fabricated by thehydrothermal method at 150 oC and pH 7 when Bi2(CO3)3 and NH4VO3 were used as precursors The resultant dendriticstructure has four trunks which have ordered branches on the opposite sides of the trunks. A rational mechanism for theoriental growth of the BiVO4 dendrites is discussed. The preparation of BiVO4 dendrites with well-dened shapes may open newopportunities for wide applications of future nanodevices.

Risk factors associated with development of coinfection in critically Ill patients with COVID-19

Erica M. Orsini,Gretchen L. Sacha,Xiaozhen Han,Wang Xiaofeng,Abhijit Duggal,Prabalini Rajendram 대한중환자의학회 2022 Acute and Critical Care Vol.37 No.3

Background: At outset of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the significance of bacterial and fungal coinfections in individuals with COVID-19 was unknown. Initial reports indicated that the prevalence of coinfection in the general population was low, but there was uncertainty regarding the risk of coinfection in critically ill patients.Methods: Nine hundred critically ill adult patients with COVID-19 infection were enrolled in this observational case-control study. Patients with a coinfection (case) and patients without a coinfection (control) were compared using univariate and multivariable analyses. A subgroup analysis was performed on patients with coinfection, dividing them into early (infection within 7 days) and late (infection after 7 days) infection groups.Results: Two hundred and thirty-three patients (25.9%) had a bacterial or fungal coinfection. Vasopressor use (P<0.001) and severity of illness (higher Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation III score, P=0.009) were risk factors for the development of a coinfection. Patients with coinfection had higher mortality and length of stay. Vasopressor and corticosteroid use and central line and foley catheter placement were risk factors for late infection (>7 days). There were high rates of drug-resistant infections.Conclusions: Critically ill patients with COVID-19 are at risk for both community-acquired and hospital-acquired infections throughout their hospitalization for COVID-19. It is important to consider the development of a coinfection in clinically worsening critically ill patients with COVID-19 and consider the likelihood of drug-resistance when choosing an empiric regimen.

Clinical characteristics and outcomes of critically Ill patients with COVID-19 in Northeast Ohio: low mortality and length of stay

Fadel Francois Abi,Al-Jaghbeer Mohammed,Kumar Sany,Griffiths Lori,Wang Xiaofeng,Han Xiaozhen,Burton Robert 대한중환자의학회 2020 Acute and Critical Care Vol.35 No.4

Background: Published coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) reports suggest higher mortality with increasing age and comorbidities. Our study describes the clinical characteristics and outcomes for all intensive care unit (ICU) patients admitted across the Cleveland Clinic enterprise, a 10-hospital health care system in Northeast Ohio, serving more than 2.7 million people. Methods: We analyzed the quality data registry for clinical characteristics and outcomes of all COVID-19-confirmed ICU admissions. Differences in outcomes from other health care systems and published cohorts from other parts of the world were delineated. Results: Across our health care system, 495 COVID-19 patients were admitted from March 15 to June 1, 2020. Mean patient age was 67.3 years, 206 (41.6%) were females, and 289 (58.4%) were males. Mean Acute Physiology Score was 45.3, and mean Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation III score was 60.5. In total, 215 patients (43.3%) were intubated for a mean duration of 9.2 days. Mean ICU and hospital length of stay were 7.4 and 13.9 days, respectively, while mean ICU and hospital mortality rates were 18.4% and 23.8%. Conclusions: Our health care system cohort is the fourth largest to be reported. Lower ICU and hospital mortality and length of stay were seen compared to most other published reports. Better preparedness and state-level control of the surge in COVID-19 infections are likely the reasons for these better outcomes. Future research is needed to further delineate differences in mortality and length of stay across health care systems and over time.