Experimental quantum fast hitting on hexagonal graphs

Tang, Hao,Di Franco, Carlo,Shi, Zi-Yu,He, Tian-Shen,Feng, Zhen,Gao, Jun,Sun, Ke,Li, Zhan-Ming,Jiao, Zhi-Qiang,Wang, Tian-Yu,Kim, M. S.,Jin, Xian-Min Springer Science and Business Media LLC 2018 Nature photonics Vol.12 No.12

Expression of the CXCL12/SDF-1 Chemokine Receptor CXCR7 in Human Brain Tumours

Tang, Tian,Xia, Qing-Jie,Chen, Jian-Bin,Xi, Ming-Rong,Lei, Ding Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.10

Purpose: Receptor 7 (CXCR7) has recently been characterized as a novel receptor for CXCL12/SDF-1 (stromal cell derived factor-1). Given the demonstrated importance of CXCL12/SDF-1 in angiogenesis and tumour metastasis, we hypothesized that CXCR7 may also play a role in tumour pathogenesis. Located in the limited space of the intracranial cavity, any brain tumours can be inherently serious and life-threatening. However, the expression of CXCR7 in pituitary adenoma, neurilemmoma or hemangioblastoma remains to be elucidated. Therefore, we aimed to determine the potential contribution of CXCR7 in the development of brain tumours. Methods: In this study we examined and quantified the mRNA expression of CXCR7 in four different human brain tumours - 27 patients with neurilemmoma (8 patients), pituitary adenoma (7 patients), hemangioblastoma (6 patients), or meningioma (6 patients) undergoing surgical resection in the West China Hospital of Sichuan University. There were 15 females and 12 males aged from 28 to 70 years old. Total RNA was isolated and mRNA was measured by quantitative real-time RT-PCR. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed using SPSS 11.0 statistical software to compare the mRNA levels of CXCR7 among four groups. Results: We found that CXCR7 mRNA was detected in all tumour samples. Quantitative results showed that the levels of CXCR7 mRNA in brain tissues from patients with neurilemmoma or meningioma were significantly higher than those with pituitary adenoma or hemangioblastoma. Conclusions: The results suggest that the CXCR7 may play a role in progression, metastasis and angiogenesis of brain tumours.

입체녹화 지속가능 디자인의 경제성 요소 간의 관계분석

당악천(Tang, Le Tian)강재철(Kang, Jae Cheol) 한국디자인리서치학회 2020 한국디자인리서치 Vol.5 No.1

This study analyzed economics on sustainable designs of the 3D greenery system in order to expect the ‘balloon effect’ such as creative design, resource efficiency, or economic effect. The purpose of this study was to point the way of future 3-dimensional sustainable designs. This study sampled the economic elements of the sustainable designs by quantitative, qualitative, and previous theoretical discussions regarding the economics of the 3D greenery system and analyzed the survey empirically. Also, this study validated the economic feasibility of the sustainable designs of the 3D greenery system with an expert interview. The results of this study were as follows. First, this study reestablished the definition of the 3D greenery system as 3D and multi-dimensional greenery systems such as horizontal or vertical systems, which integrate vertical and wall greenery systems and vertical gardens, select plants with different location conditions, and rely on various structures and other spatial structures. Second, this study showed that the economic elements of the sustainable designs of the 3D greenery system were recognized in the order of ‘resource efficiency,’ ‘creative economics,’ and ‘economic value’ through the survey. Third, this study analyzed the correlation to confirm that there are significant correlations among ‘resource efficiency,’ ‘creative economics,’ and ‘economic value.’ In this regard, the sustainable designs of the 3D greenery system can make value by considering the effective use of resources, creative designs, and economic value. Fourth, as a result of the expert interview, the sustainable designs of the 3D greenery system have a positive impact on economics and can create various economic effects in terms of creative economics, economic value, and resource efficiency. In conclusion, the significance of this study is that this study can be used as baseline data for design development in future business regarding the 3D greenery system. 본 연구는 입체녹화(立體綠化) 지속가능 디자인의 경제성을 분석하여 창조적 디자인, 자원 효율성, 경제 효과 등 ‘풍선효과’를 기대할 수 있다. 향후 입체녹화 지속가능 디자인의 방향성을 제시하고자 하는 데 목적이 있다. 연구의 방법은 입체녹화 지속디자인 경제성을 대상으로 정량적, 정성적 연구 및 선행연구 등 방법에 의해 지속가능 디자인의 경제성 요소를 추출하여 설문조사를 통한 실증분석을 실시하였다. 또한, 전문가 인터뷰를 통해 입체녹화 지속가능 디자인의 경제성의 타당성을 확인하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 입체녹화의 정의는 수직·벽면녹화 및 수직정원을 종합하여 서로 다른 입지 조건을 이용하여 식물 등을 선택하고 각종 구조물 및 기타 공간 구조물에 의존하게 하는 수평, 수직 등 3D 및 다차원 녹화방식으로 재정립하였다. 둘째, 설문조사를 통해 입체녹화 지속가능 디자인 경제성 요소는 ‘자원 경제성’, ‘창조적 경제성’, ‘경제 가치’ 순의 인식 수준이 나타났다. 셋째, 상관관계의 분석 결과, ‘자원 경제성’과 ‘창조적 경제성’ 및 ‘경제 가치’ 간 상호 유의미한 상관관계가 존재하였다. 이러한 결과로 볼 때, 입체녹화 지속가능 디자인은 자원의 효율적인 사용, 창조적인 디자인, 경제 가치를 고려함으로 경제성을 창출할 수 있다. 넷째, 전문가 인터뷰 결과, 입체녹화 지속가능 디자인은 경제성에 긍정적인 영향을 미칠 것으로 나타났고 창조적 경제성, 경제 가치, 자원 경제성 면에서 다양한 경제 효과를 창출할 수 있다. 끝으로 본 연구의 의의는 향후 입체녹화 관련 사업에 디자인 개발을 위한 기초자료로써 활용될 수 있다.

Expression patterns of five heat shock proteins in Sesamia inferens (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) during heat stress

Xiao-Tian Tang,Meng Sun,Ming-Xing Lu,Yu-Zhou Du 한국응용곤충학회 2015 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.18 No.3

Heat shock proteins (HSPs) play important roles in the adaptation of organisms to environmental changes. In this study, we explore the role of HSPs during heat stress in Sesamia inferens (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), an important pest of rice. In order to understand themechanistic basis of ecological adaptability and stress tolerance, we analyzed the expression profiles of genes encoding five S. inferens heat shock proteins (Sihsps) across temperature gradients by real-time quantitative PCR. Our results indicated that genes encoding ribosomal protein S13 (RPS13) and β-actin (ACTB) were the most stable reference genes under high temperature stress. The mRNA levels of Sihsp19.6, Sihsp20.6 and Sihsp83 were significantly upregulated by heat stress; however, the expression of Sihsp21.4 and Sihsc70 did not vary significantly. The massive increase in the expression of Sihsp19.6 and Sihsp20.6 by thermal stress suggests a critical role in preventing cellular damage to S. inferens. Moreover, the threshold temperatures (39 °C for Sihsp19.6, Sihsp20.6 and Sihsp83)may partly explain the more southern distribution of S. inferens. Our results also support the contention that the absence of introns may favor the expression of stress-responsive genes (e.g. Sihsp19.6, Sihsp20.6 and Sihsp83 in the present study).

고령자 행위특징에 따른 베리어프리 홈(Barrier-Free Home) 디자인 기준에 관한 연구

당악천(Tang, Le Tian),강재철(Kang, Jae Cheol) 한국디자인리서치학회 2020 한국디자인리서치 Vol.5 No.2

고령화 사회가 가속화되면서 전통적인 노인요양 시스템은 새로운 도전을 맞이하게 될 것이다. 정부의 대대적인 지원에도 불구하고 고령자를 위한 수요를 충족시키기는 힘든 상태이며 향후 고령자들이 노후를 편안하게 보낼 수 있는 장소는 여전히 그들의 집이 될 것이다. 그러므로 고령자들을 위한 주택환경 개선이 필요할 실정이다. 베리어프리 디자인 원칙에 의해 디자인된 실내의 공간과 제품은 일정한 정도에서 고령자들의 실내 활동에 많은 편리를 가져다준다. 본 연구에서는 법적으로 규정되어진 한국과 중국의 노년층의 생리적 특징과 생활패턴을 조사하여 보다 심화된 노년층을 위한 베리어프리 홈 디자인의 기초적인 가이드라인을 찾고자 한다. 이에 데이터를 분석하고 취합하여 대안적 디자인 방법을 제언하는데 그 목적이 있다. 연구의 방법으로 설문조사와 연구대상자에 대한 인터뷰를 통하여 9가지 고령자들의 신체적 상황의 행위특징과 4가지 생활환경을 스퀘어 검정 비교 분석하였다. 또한 고령자들의 행위특징에 따른 베리어프리 홈 디자인에 대한 실증분석을 실시하였다. 실증분석을 통해 고령자들을 위한 대안적 베리어프리 홈 디자인의 대안적 방향성을 베리어프리 홈 디자인 원칙하에 피험자들로써 고령자들의 행위특징을 고려하여 크게 자율형과 간호형 두 분류의 고령자들을 위한 각각의 대안적 디자인 방법으로 나누어 제시하였다. 결론적으로 피험자들의 행위특징을 행위능력과 차별화 하고 비교할 수 있었다. 실증분석과 고찰을 거쳐 거주 공간 내에서의 행위능력을 구속하는 장애를 최소화하고 기능적인 공간개념을 결합시켜 고령자들의 행위특징에 대입할 수 있었다. 다양한 분류의 고령층에 대하여 거주 공간 및 가구 등의 기능 세밀화, 단순화를 통한 편리한 사용성, 색채배려를 통한 색채계획, 안전 보호 조치, 고령자 설계 참여, 표준 규범 정립과 경제성의 총 6가지 방면의 대안적 디자인 요소를 추출할 수 있었다. As the aging society accelerates, the traditional elderly care system will face new challenges. Despite the government s massive support, it is difficult to meet the demand for the elderly, and in the future, the place where the elderly can comfortably spend their lives will still be their home. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the housing environment for the elderly. The interior space and products designed by the barrier-free design principle bring a lot of convenience to the indoor activities of the elderly to a certain extent. This study aims to find the basic guidelines for barrier-free home design for older people by examining the physiological characteristics and life patterns of the elderly in Korea and China, which are legally prescribed. The purpose of this is to analyze and collect data to suggest alternative design methods. As a method of research, through a questionnaire survey and interviews on the subjects, a square test was compared and analyzed for behavioral characteristics and physical conditions of nine elderly people s physical situation. In addition, an empirical analysis was conducted on barrier-free home design according to the behavioral characteristics of the elderly. Through the empirical analysis, the alternative direction of alternative barrier-free home design for the elderly is considered as the subjects under the barrier-free home design principle. Considering the behavioral characteristics of the elderly, each alternative design is largely autonomous and nursing. It was presented in a divided manner. In conclusion, it was possible to differentiate and compare the behavioral characteristics of the subjects with the behavioral capabilities. Through empirical analysis and consideration, it was possible to substitute the functional characteristics of the elderly by minimizing the obstacles that restrict the ability to act in the living space and combining functional spatial concepts. Alternative barriers in a total of six categories, such as functional miniaturization of living spaces and furniture, convenience of use through simplification, color planning, safety protection measures, elderly design participation, establishment of standard norms, and economic feasibility for various categories of seniors Pre-design elements could be extracted.

A new non-randomized multi-category response model for surveys with a single sensitive question: Design and analysis

Man-Lai Tang,Guo-Liang Tian,Nian-Sheng Tang,Zhenqiu Liu 한국통계학회 2009 Journal of the Korean Statistical Society Vol.38 No.4

In this article, we develop a non-randomized multi-category response model for a single sensitive survey question with multiple outcomes. Unlike existing randomized response models, our proposed model does not require any randomizing device and the respondents are merely asked to answer a non-sensitive question. It thus reduces cost, ensures reproducibility of respondents' answer (i.e., the same respondent gives the same answer if the survey is re-conducted under the non-randomized multi-category model), enhances respondents' trust on the privacy policy, and motivates respondents' cooperation. We show maximum likelihood estimates (MLEs) of cell probabilities can be obtained in closed- form. Bootstrap standard errors and confidence intervals (CIs) of the cell probabilities or their functions are then given. Bayesian estimation via the data augmentation algorithm is developed when prior information on the parameters of interest is available. Simulation studies are conducted to evaluate the performance of the MLEs and CI estimates. A real data set from a questionnaire on sexual activities in Korean adolescents is used to illustrate the proposed design and analysis methods.

Earthquake-related Crush Injury versus Non-Earthquake Injury in Abdominal Trauma Patients on Emergency Multidetector Computed Tomography: A Comparative Study

Tian-wu Chen,Zhi-gang Yang,Zhi-hui Dong,Zhi-gang Chu,Si-shi Tang,Wen Deng 대한의학회 2011 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.26 No.3

The aim of this study was to investigate features of abdominal earthquake-related crush traumas in comparison with non-earthquake injury. A cross sectional survey was conducted with 51 survivors with abdominal crush injury in the 2008 Sichuan earthquake, and 41with abdominal non-earthquake injury, undergoing non-enhanced computed tomography (CT) scans, serving as earthquake trauma and control group, respectively. Data were analyzed between groups focusing on CT appearance. We found that injury of abdominalwall soft tissue and fractures of lumbar vertebrae were more common in earthquake trauma group than in control group (28 vs 13 victims, and 24 vs 9, respectively; all P <0.05); and fractures were predominantly in transverse process of 1-2 vertebrae among L1-3 vertebrae. Retroperitoneal injury in the kidney occurred more frequently in earthquake trauma group than in control group (29 vs 14 victims, P < 0.05). Abdominal injury in combination with thoracic and pelvic injury occurred more frequently in earthquake trauma group than in control group (43 vs 29 victims, P < 0.05). In conclusion, abdominal earthquake-related crush injury might be characteristic of high incidence in injury of abdominal-wall soft tissue, fractures of lumbar vertebrae in transverse process of 1-2 vertebrae among L1-3 vertebrae, retroperitoneal injury in the kidney, and in combination with injury in the thorax and pelvis.

Synthesis of Poly(1-oxo-2-phenyltrimethylene) Catalyzed by Palladium-Rare Earth Catalyst

Tian, Jing,Guo, Jin-Tang,Zhu, Cheng-Cai,Zhang, Xin,Xu, Yong-Shen The Korean Fiber Society 2007 Fibers and polymers Vol.8 No.6

Poly(1-oxo-2-phenyltrimethylene) was successfully synthesized in the presence of palladium acetate and rare earth acetate $RE(OAc)_3$ (RE=Pr, Nd, Eu, Dy, Ho) multiplex catalyst system. The final products were characterized by elemental analysis, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The effects of various reaction parameters including molar ratio of rare earth/$Pd^{2+}$, methanol usage, 2,2-bipyridyl, p-toluensulfonic acid, and p-benzoquinone were studied in detail, and the influence of different rare earths on the copolymerization was also discussed. It is found that the rare earths have favorable co-catalytic properties and palladium-rare earth multiplex catalyst showed higher catalytic activity than palladium catalyst in the copolymerization of carbon monoxide (CO) and styrene (ST).

RON and MET Co-overexpression Are Significant Pathological Characteristics of Poor Survival and Therapeutic Targets of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

Tian-Hao Weng,Min-Ya Yao,Xiang-Ming Xu,Chen-Yu Hu,Shu-Hao Yao,Yi-Zhi Liu,Zhi-Gang Wu,Tao-Ming Tang,Pei-Fen Fu,Ming-Hai Wang,Hang-Ping Yao 대한암학회 2020 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.52 No.3

Purpose Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is highly malignant and has poor prognosis and a high mortality rate. The lack of effective therapy has spurred our investigation of new targets for treating this malignant cancer. Here, we identified RON (macrophage-stimulating 1 receptor) and MET (MET proto-oncogene, receptor tyrosine kinase) as a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic targets for potential TNBC treatment. Materials and Methods We analyzed RON and MET expression in 187 primary TNBC clinical samples with immunohistochemistry. We validated the targeted therapeutic effects of RON and MET in TNBC using three tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs): BMS-777607, INCB28060, and tivantinib. The preclinical therapeutic efficacy of the TKIs was mainly estimated using a TNBC xenograft model. Results Patients with TNBC had widespread, abnormal expression of RON and MET. There was RON overexpression, MET overexpression, and RON and MET co-overexpression in 63 (33.7%), 63 (33.7%), and 43 cases (23.0%), respectively, which had poor prognosis and short survival. In vivo, the TKI targeting RON ant MET inhibited the activation of the downstream signaling molecules, inhibited TNBC cell migration and proliferation, and increased TNBC cell apoptosis; in the xenograft model, they significantly inhibited tumor growth and shrank tumor volumes. The TKI targeting RON and Met, such as BMS-777607 and tivantinib, yielded stronger anti-tumor effects than INCB28060. Conclusion RON and MET co-overexpression can be significant pathological characteristics in TNBC for poor prognosis. TKIs targeting RON and MET have stronger drug development potential for treating TNBC.

Determination of Terpenoids in Chamaecyparis obtusa Leaves by Headspace Single-Drop Microextraction with Gas Chromatography Detection

Tang, Baokun,Tian, Minglei,Row, Kyung Ho Taylor Francis 2014 Analytical letters Vol.47 No.1