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Behera, Shishir Kumar,Kalyani, G.,Amrita, B.,Park, Hung-Suck Informa UK (Taylor Francis) 2016 Desalination and water treatment Vol.57 No.15
<P>Selection of an appropriate coagulant for removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and turbidity from wastewater generated in a pharmaceutical industry was demonstrated. The standard jar test procedure was adopted to determine the optimum pH and coagulant dosage needed for enhanced COD and turbidity removal. Alum and bentonite (montmorillonite) were chosen as coagulant and coagulant aid, respectively. Based on the results obtained from experiments, COD removal (CODRE, %) and turbidity removal (T-RE, %) were optimized using response surface methodology. Under the optimum conditions, the model predicted a CODRE of 67% and T-RE of 90% and CODRE of 55% and T-RE of 70% using alum (coagulant dosage = 0.79 g/L, pH 5.91) and bentonite (coagulant dosage = 0.58 g/L, pH 5.61), respectively. Confirmatory experiments conducted on the optimized condition showed experimental findings within 5% of the projected values. Though alum resulted in higher CODRE and T-RE as compared to bentonite, bentonite can have the advantage of being environmentally benign when compared to the conventionally used coagulant, alum.</P>
Kim, Se-Won,Behera, Shishir Kumar,Jamal, Yousuf,Park, Hung-Suck American Society of Civil Engineers 2016 Journal of environmental engineering Vol.142 No.9
<P>Sodium hydrosulfide (NaSH), which is utilized for recovering rare metals, was synthesized in a laboratory-scale batch reactor by absorbing a simulated flue gas containing H2S into NaOH solution. The effects of H2S flow rate, NaOH concentration, and reaction time on the synthesis of NaSH were examined. With an increase in the H2S flow rate, the absorption ratio, conversion ratio, and total NaSH productivity showed a decreasing tendency. On the other hand, a higher concentration of NaSH could be synthesized with a higher concentration of NaOH. Most of the Na2S (the intermediate product) were produced at a pH>12, and the NaSH synthesis reaction was feasible at a pH 11.5. Contrary to the increased H2S flow rate, increased NaOH concentration resulted in an enhanced Na2S/NaSH ratio. With a maximum equivalent ratio of NaOH/H2S at 0.88, the chemical composition of the product could maintain equilibrium with the highest NaSH concentration and less than 1% weight-to-weight ratio (w/w) Na2S concentration.</P>
Effects of Oxidation Reduction Potential and Organic Compounds on Anammox Reaction in Batch Cultures
Truong Nguyen Viet,Shishir Kumar Behera,Ji Won Kim,Hung Suck Park 대한환경공학회 2008 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.13 No.4
The present study investigates the effect of oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) and organic compounds on specific anaerobic ammonium oxidation activity (SAA) using batch experiments. The batch tests were based on the measurement of nitrogen gas production. The relationship between ORP and dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration was found to be ORP (mV) = 160.38 + 68 log [O₂], where [O₂] is the DO concentration in mg/L. The linear relationship obtained between ORP and SAA (R2 = 0.99) clearly demonstrated that ORP can be employed as an operational parameter in the Anammox process. At ORP value of -110 mV, the SAA was 0.272 ± 0.03 g N2-N (g VSS)-1 d-1. The investigation also revealed inhibitory effect of glucose on the SAA while acetate concentration up to 640 mg COD/L (corresponding to 10 mM) had stimulating effect on the SAA. However, acetate concentration beyond 640 mg COD/L had inhibitory effect on the Anammox activity. The results indicated that nitrogen rich wastewaters containing low level organic matter could be better treated by Anammox microorganisms in real-world conditions after some acidification process.
Zafar, Mohd.,Van Vinh, N.,Behera, Shishir Kumar,Park, Hung-Suck Elsevier 2017 JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES -BEIJING- Vol.54 No.-
<P>Organic matters (OMs) and their oxidization products often influence the fate and transport of heavy metals in the subsurface aqueous systems through interaction with the mineral surfaces. This study investigates the ethanol (EtOH)-mediated As(III) adsorption onto Zn-loaded pinecone (PC) biochar through batch experiments conducted under Box-Behnken design. The effect of EtOH on As(III) adsorption mechanism was quantitatively elucidated by fitting the experimental data using artificial neural network and quadratic modeling approaches. The quadratic model could describe the limiting nature of EtOH and pH on As(III) adsorption, whereas neural network revealed the stronger influence of EtOH (64.5%) followed by pH (20.75%) and As(III) concentration (14.75%) on the adsorption phenomena. Besides, the interaction among process variables indicated that EtOH enhances As(III) adsorption over a pH range of 2 to 7, possibly due to facilitation of ligand-metal(Zn) binding complexation mechanism. Eventually, hybrid response surface model genetic algorithm (RSM-GA) approach predicted a better optimal solution than RSM, i.e., the adsorptive removal of As(III) (10.47 mu g/g) is facilitated at 30.22 mg C/L of EtOH with initial As(III) concentration of 196.77 mu g/L at pH 5.8. The implication of this investigation might help in understanding the application of biochar for removal of various As(III) species in the presence of OM. (C) 2016 The Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Published by Elsevier B.V.</P>