The Physiological Occlusion of the Central Canal May Be a Prerequisite for Syringomyelia Formation

Chuan Jiang,Xinyu Wang,Chunli Lu,Qian Li,Longbing Ma,Wei Li,Shengyu Cui,Kang Li,Xiang Wang,Yuxin Feng,Fengzeng Jian 대한척추신경외과학회 2023 Neurospine Vol.20 No.4

Objective: Syringomyelia is a common central nervous system disease characterized by the dilation of the central canal (CC). Regarding the pathogenesis of syringomyelia, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) circulation obstruction in the subarachnoid space (SAS) of the spinal cord has been widely accepted. However, clinical and animal studies on obstructing the CSF in SAS failed to form syringomyelia, challenging the theory of SAS obstruction. The precise pathogenesis remains unknown. Methods: We utilized an extradural compression rat model to investigate the pathogenesis underlying syringomyelia. Magnetic resonance imaging enabled detection of syringomyelia formation. To assess CSF flow within the SAS, Evans blue was infused into the cisterna magna. Histological analysis allowed morphological examination of the CC. Furthermore, CSF flow through the CC was traced using Ovalbumin Alexa-Flour 647 conjugate (OAF-647). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) enabled visualization of ependymal cilia. Results: The findings showed that the dura mater below the compression segment exhibited lighter coloration relative to the region above the compression, indicative of partial obstruction within the SAS. However, the degree of SAS occlusion did not significantly differ between syringomyelia (SM-Y group) and those without (SM-N group). Intriguingly, hematoxylin and eosin staining and CSF tracing revealed occlusion of the CC accompanied by reduced CSF flow in the SM-Y group compared to SM-N and control groups. SEM images uncovered impairment of ependymal cilia inside the syringomyelia. Conclusion: CC occlusion may represent a physiological prerequisite for syringomyelia formation, while SAS obstruction serves to initiate disease onset. The impairment of ependymal cilia appears to facilitate progression of syringomyelia.

Frequent Pattern Prediction Based Data Transmission and Spectrum Sensing Scheduling for Cognitive Radios

Shengyu Tian,Xiukui Li 한국정보통신학회 2015 2016 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE Vol.7 No.1

Cognitive radio (CR) has been extensively studied in recent years to improve the spectrum utilization efficiency. In this paper, we propose a spectrum sensing scheduling for a CR transmitter to allocate sensing and data transmission time adaptively to achieve high throughput with limited energy. The proposed spectrum sensing scheduling is based on the frequent pattern prediction technique. The secondary users could perform data transmission without sensing the channels in time slots which are predicted to be idle. Simulation results show that the proposed sensing scheduling can maximize the achievable throughput with limited energy consumption.

Low-complexity iterative channel estimation with lattice reduction-based detection for multiple-input multiple-output systems

Li, Qiaoyu,Bai, Lin,Choi, Jinho,Xing, Weixi,Dou, Shengyue IET 2014 IET COMMUNICATIONS Vol.8 No.6

Enhancing Physiochemical Properties of Chitosan Films Through Photo-crosslinking by Riboflavin

Shengyu Zhu,Jiliu Pei,Yukang Song,Yu Liu,Feng Xue,Xiaohui Xiong,Chen Li 한국섬유공학회 2022 Fibers and polymers Vol.23 No.10

This study aimed to improve the physicochemical properties of chitosan (CS) film by riboflavin (RF)-inducedcross-linking under ultraviolet (UV) light for different times (0, 2, 4, 6 h). It was found that the water vapor resistance, tensilestrength, optical property, and thermal stability of the film were significantly enhanced under RF-induced photo-crosslinking,especially when illuminated for 6 h. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) verified themolecular bonding of CS and RF, as well as scanning electron microscope (SEM) showed a tighter and more uniform filmstructure was formed through UV crosslinking. Thus, the CS-RF films have the potential to replace petrochemical materialsas a novel type of environmentally friendly packaging material.

Substitution of soybean meal with detoxified Jatropha curcas kernel meal: Effects on performance, nutrient utilization, and meat edibility of growing pigs

Li, Yang,Chen, Ling,Zhang, Yuhui,Wu, Jianmei,Lin, Yan,Fang, Zhengfeng,Che, Lianqiang,Xu, Shengyu,Wu, De Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2018 Animal Bioscience Vol.31 No.6

Objective: The study was conducted to investigate the effects of replacing soybean meal (SBM) with different levels of detoxified Jatropha curcas kernel meal (DJM) in growing pig diets on growth performance, nutrients digestibility and meat edibility. Methods: A total of 144 pigs with initial body weight of $20.47{\pm}1.44kg$, were randomly allocated to 6 dietary treatments with 6 replications per treatment and 4 pigs per replication for a period of 79 days. Six diets (DJM0, DJM15, DJM30, DJM45, DJM60, and DJM75) were formulated using DJM to replace 0%, 15%, 30%, 45%, 60%, and 75% of SBM. From d 37 to 42, feces and urine were total collected from six barrows in each treatment. At day 79, thirty-six pigs were slaughtered for sampling. The feed intake and weight gain were recorded, while the intestinal morphology, digestive enzyme activities, nutrient digestibility and the content of residual phorbol esters in muscles were determined. Results: The results showed that increasing the replacement of SBM with DJM decreased the parameters including body weight, average daily gain, average daily feed intake, gain-to-feed ratio, weight and villus heights of duodenum, villus height and villus height/crypt depth of jejunum, digestive enzymes (protease, amylase, lipase, and trypsin) activities, and nutrients digestibility (nitrogen deposition, digestibility of nitrogen, energy digestibility, and total nitrogen utilization) (linear, p<0.05; quadratic, p<0.05) and there was no significant difference among DJM0, DJM15, and DJM30 in all measured indices. The highest diarrhea morbidity was observed in DJM75 (p<0.05). Phorbol esters were not detected in pig muscle tissues. Conclusion: The DJM was a good protein source for pigs, and could be used to replace SBM up to 30% (diet phorbol esters concentration at 5.5 mg/kg) in growing pig diets with no detrimental impacts on growth performance, nutrient utilization, and meat edibility.

Directional Water Transport in Fabrics by Varying Yarn Coordination and Texture Design

Yaping Li,Jie Fan,Shengyu Zhang,Zhaopeng Xia,Liang Wang,Yong Liu 한국섬유공학회 2023 Fibers and polymers Vol.24 No.2

Directional water transport fabric plays a pivotal role in personal thermal management. However, it has remained a greatchallenge to reach the target only by texture design and yarn coordination. Here, we reported a trilayered woven fabric (TWF)with directional water transport performance by combining a hierarchical microporous structure and asymmetric wettability. The TWF is composed of interweaved plain weave layer (PWL), basket weave layer (BWL) and float layer (FL), whichprovides the continuous water transfer paths by the continuous warp yarns that move back and forth in the thickness directionof the fabric. The asymmetric structure of the TWF endows the fabric with excellent directional water management property,which can be tailored by the fineness and the wetting state of weft yarn in the three layers, and the groove structure on thesurface of the PWL. The resulting TWF exhibited a high directional water transport index R (435%). The mechanism for thedirectional water transport of the BWF was investigated by analyzing the capillary force, hydrostatic pressure and hydrophobicforce. Moreover, the universality of the fabric design approach was verified by two kinds of bilayered woven fabrics (BWFs)which have an analogous texture to the TWF. Therefore, the reported method for designing directional water transport fabricthrew light on developing eco-friendly water management textiles with good durability for demanding situations.

Research on the longitudinal stress distribution in steel box girder with large cantilever

Yu Hong,ShengYu LI,Yining WU,Dailing XU,Qianhui Pu 국제구조공학회 2022 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.44 No.5

There are numerous structural details (Longitudinal beam, web plate, U-ribs and I-ribs) in the top and bottom plates of steel box girders, which have significant influences on the longitudinal stress (normal stress) distribution. Clarifying the influence of these structural details on the normal stress distribution is important. In this paper, the ultra-wide steel box girder with large cantilevers of the Jinhai Bridge in China, which is the widest cable-stayed bridge in the world, has been analyzed. A 1:4.5 scale laboratory model of the steel box girder has been manufactured, and the influence of structural details on the normal stress distribution in the top and bottom plates for four different load cases has been analyzed in detail. Furthermore, a threedimensional finite element model has been established to further investigate the influence regularity of structural details on the normal stress. The experimental and finite element analysis (FEA) results have shown that different structural details of the top and bottom plates have varying effects on the normal stress distribution. Notably, the U-ribs and I-ribs of the top and bottom plates introduce periodicity to the normal stress distribution. The period of the influence of U-ribs on the normal stress distribution is the sum of the single U-rib width and the U-rib spacing, and that of the influence of I-ribs on the normal stress distribution is equal to the spacing of the I-ribs. Furthermore, the same structural details but located at different positions, will have a different effect on the normal stress distribution.

Simultaneous Improvement of Thermal Conductivity and Strength for Commercial A356 Alloy Using Strontium Modification Process

Kang Wang,Wenfang Li,Wenzhi Xu,Shengyu Hou,Shaodong Hu 대한금속·재료학회 2021 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.27 No.11

The Aluminum–Silicon (Al–Si) die-casting alloys, such as the commercial A356 alloy, are expected to be used in heat-sinkand the device with high thermal conductivity due to their high production efficiency of casting process. These fields alsorequired them to possess sound mechanical properties. To meet these demands, the Strontium (Sr) was often utilized tomodify the silicon phase. According to our current work, the secondary dendrite arm spacing of the α-Al grains prominentlywas decreased when 0.05%–0.25% strontium was added. The decrease of the secondary dendrite arm spacing (SDAS) lead tothe enhancement of the mechanical strength as well as the improvement of the thermal and electrical conductivity. When theSr dosage was 0.15% in the commercial A356 alloy, the strength and the thermal conductivity of the A356 alloy simultaneouslyreached the maximum value. The improvement of the electrical and thermal conductivity might by contributed by theformation of a good conductor, Al2Si2Srphase, on the Si surface. Further investigations suggested that the improvement ofthermal conductivity was mainly due to the modification effect of Sr on the eutectic Si phase, which enlarged the specificarea between the α-Al/eutectic Si interface. The WDS analysis indicated that the solubility of Si decreased in aluminummatrix by increasing in the Sr dosage. However, the excessive dosage of strontium would result in the coarsening of themodified silicon phase, deteriorating the strength and the thermal and electrical conductivity of the modified A356 alloys.

Prebiotic Potential of Xylooligosaccharides Derived from Corn Cobs and Their In Vitro Antioxidant Activity When Combined with Lactobacillus

( Xiuhua Yu ),( Jianyuan Yin ),( Lin Li ),( Chang Luan ),( Jian Zhang ),( Chunfang Zhao ),( Shengyu Li ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2015 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.25 No.7

In the present work, the in vitro prebiotic activity of xylooligosaccharides (XOS) derived from corn cobs combined with Lactobacillus plantarum, a probiotic microorganism, was determined.These probiotics exhibited different growth characteristics depending on strain specificity. L. plantarum S2 cells were denser and their growth rates were higher when cultured on XOS. Acetate was found to be the major short-chain fatty acid produced as the end-product of fermentation, and its amount varied from 1.50 to 1.78 mg/ml. The antimicrobial activity of XOS combined with L. plantarum S2 was determined against gastrointestinal pathogens. The results showed that XOS proved to be an effective substrate, enhancing antimicrobial activity for L. plantarum S2. In vivo evaluation of the influence of XOS and L. plantarum S2, used both alone and together, on the intestinal microbiota in a mouse model showed that XOS combined with L. plantarum S2 could increase the viable lactobacilli and bifidobacteria in mice feces and decrease the viable Enterococcus, Enterobacter, and Clostridia spp. Furthermore, in the in vitro antioxidant assay, XOS combined with L. plantarum S2 possessed significant 2,2-diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazyl, 2,2’-azino-bis, and superoxide anion radical-scavenging activities, and the combinations showed better antioxidant activity than either XOS or L. plantarum S2 alone.

Online Gait Generation Method Based on Neural Network for Humanoid Robot Fast Walking on Uneven Terrain

Haoran Zhong,Sicheng Xie,Xinyu Li,Shengyu Lu,Liang Gao 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2022 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.20 No.3

Advanced humanoid robots highlight the ability of fast walking and adaptability to uneven terrain. However, owing to the complexity in walking dynamics, disturbances introduced by terrain height variations can adversely affect the bipedal walking performance. Moreover, to generate periodic gaits, most methods require to solve the gait generation problem by using nonlinear optimization approaches, resulting in difficulties for online control. To solve this problem, this paper proposes an online gait generation method to find periodic gaits for fast walking on uneven terrain by using a pre-trained neural network. First, to enhance the terrain adaptability, this paper proposes an improved walking pattern that allows the robots to skip the last single support phase. Such improvement enlarges the feasible step region when stepping down. A compensation strategy is also proposed to reduce the velocity tracking error. Then the improved whale swarm algorithm (IWSA) is applied to generate various datasets that cover the ranges of target velocities and terrain height variations. A back-propagation (BP) network is employed to train these datasets offline to learn the gait dynamics, which is further used to generate the optimal trajectories. Simulation results suggest that, compared with the current methods, the proposed method can solve the walking return map in a short time, with improvements in both maximum walking speed and terrain adaptability.