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Experience of living donors’ decision making in liver Transplantation: A Qualitative Meta-Synthesis
Seongmi Choi,Judith A. Tate,JiYeon Choi 한국간호과학회 2021 한국간호과학회 학술대회 Vol.2021 No.10
Aim: Living-donor liver transplantation is an alternate option to treat irreversible liver failure. With growing demands for living donor liver transplantation, assuring adequacy of the informed consent process is important. Studies have reported concerns toward informed consent experience of living liver donors. This review is to explore informed consent and decision-making experience of adult living liver donors. Methods: A systematic review of qualitative studies was conducted. Noblit and Hare’s meta-ethnography process was used. Five databases (Pubmed, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL, PsycINFO) were searched to retrieve studies published between 1990 and 2020 that explored decision making experience of adult living liver donors. For analysis, we used three elements of informed consent by Beauchamp and Childress (2009) as a framework, which consists of threshold, information and consent. Results: Ten qualitative studies were included for the synthesis. Studies took place in varying regions of the world including Europe, United States, Asia. A total of 172 living liver donors participated in the studies reviewed. Three themes were identified: “Varying degree of voluntariness,” “ Selective information processing,” and “Mixed emotions.” Conclusions: Despite the importance of assuring valid informed consent process among living liver donors, the topic has not been receiving enough attention. This review provides understanding of living liver donors’ experience of informed consent and decision making. The findings can help clinicians and researchers in development and implementation of new approaches to optimize supports to living liver donors’ informed decision making.
( Miyoung Choi ),( Min Kyung Hyun ),( Seongmi Choi ),( Ha Jin Tchoe ),( Sung Yeon Lee ),( Kyeong Min Son ),( Min-jeong Kim ),( Young Ok Jung ),( Hyun Ah Kim ) 대한내과학회 2017 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.32 No.3
Background/Aims: Biological agents (biologics) targeting proinflammatory signaling have emerged as an important treatment option in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Despite the clinical effectiveness of biologics for patients with RA who do not respond to `traditional` disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs), there are concerns regarding their cost and long-term safety. In this study, we aimed to compare the efficacy of various biologics and traditional DMARDs in RA patients refractory to methotrexate (MTX). Methods: Four DMARDs (hydroxychloroquine, sulfasalazine, MTX, lef lunomide) and five anti-tumor necrosis factor drugs (adalimumab, etanercept, golimumab, inf liximab, and certolizumab) were selected. A systematic search of published studies was performed from inception through July 2013. Randomized trials of adults with MTX-refractory RA comparing two or more of the selected medications were included. Among 7,938 titles identified, in total, 16 head-to-head trials were selected. Two reviewers independently abstracted the study data and assessed methodological quality using the Cochrane Risk of Bias. Comparative efficacy was analyzed using a Bayesian mixed treatment comparison (MTC). Results: In total, 9, 4, and 11 studies were included for the outcome measures of the Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ), Disease Activity Score 28-erythrocyte sedimentation rate (DAS28-ESR) < 2.6 (remission), and American College of Rheumatology (ACR) 70 response, respectively. The treatments with the highest efficacy for each outcome measure were certolizumab combined with MTX, golimumab combined with MTX, and certolizumab combined with MTX, respectively. Conclusions: Based on MTC analysis, using data from published randomized controlled trials, certolizumab and golimumab combined with MTX showed the highest efficacy in the three outcome measures (HAQ, DAS28-ESR < 2.6, and ACR 70 response) in MTX-refractory RA patients.
Low Temperature Synthesis of Colloidal CdSe Quantum Dots
Hwang, Seongmi,Choi, Youngmin,Ryu, Beyong-Hwan American Scientific Publishers 2007 Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Vol.7 No.11
<P>In this study, the CdSe nanocrystals were prepared in phenyl ether and octyl amine to investigate the variations of their size, bandgap energy, and photoluminescence with growth time and temperature. The sizes of the CdSe nanocrystals were measured using High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM), and found to be nearly monodisperse for relatively low growth temperature, 130 °C. Their optic properties were characterized by photoluminescence measurements, which showed that the colors of the nanocrystals could be controlled. The bandgap energies of the nanocrystals were calculated theoretically and found to be in accord with quantum confinement theory. This synthetic method requires only a cheap solvent and offers good reproducibility at a lower price.</P>