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Increased Sclerostin Levels after Further Ablation of Remnant Estrogen by Aromatase Inhibitors
김원진,Yoon Jung Chung,Se Hwa Kim,Sehee Park1,Jae Hyun Bae,Gyuri Kim1,Su Jin Lee1,Jo Eun Kim1,박병우,임승길,이유미 대한내분비학회 2015 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.30 No.1
Background: Sclerostin is a secreted Wnt inhibitor produced almost exclusively by osteocytes, which inhibits bone formation. Aromatase inhibitors (AIs), which reduce the conversion of steroids to estrogen, are used to treat endocrine-responsive breast cancer. As AIs lower estrogen levels, they increase bone turnover and lower bone mass. We analyzed changes in serum sclerostin levels in Korean women with breast cancer who were treated with an AI. Methods: We included postmenopausal women with endocrine-responsive breast cancer (n=90; mean age, 57.7 years) treated with an AI, and compared them to healthy premenopausal women (n=36; mean age, 28.0 years). The subjects were randomly assigned to take either 5 mg alendronate with 0.5 μg calcitriol (n=46), or placebo (n=44) for 6 months. Results: Postmenopausal women with breast cancer had significantly higher sclerostin levels compared to those in premenopausal women (27.8±13.6 pmol/L vs. 23.1±4.8 pmol/L, P<0.05). Baseline sclerostin levels positively correlated with either lumbar spine or total hip bone mineral density only in postmenopausal women (r=0.218 and r=0.233; P<0.05, respectively). Serum sclerostin levels increased by 39.9%±10.2% 6 months after AI use in postmenopausal women; however, no difference was observed between the alendronate and placebo groups (39.9%±10.2% vs. 55.9%±9.13%, P>0.05). Conclusion: Serum sclerostin levels increased with absolute deficiency of residual estrogens in postmenopausal women with endocrine-responsive breast cancer who underwent AI therapy with concurrent bone loss.
Studies on Genes and Biochemical Events Induced by Carbon Source Starvation in Plant Cells
Kim, Sehee,Lee, Sunmin,Lee, Taekkyun,Lee, Woosung 한국식물학회 1999 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.42 No.4
Carrot (Daucus carota L) suspension cells exhibit a number of physiological responses when carbon sources in the medium are depleted (i.e., carbon-source starvation). We previously reported that activities of several phospholipid catabolic enzymes, such as phospholipase D (PLD) and lipolytic acyl hydrolase (LAH), are induced to provide cells with alternative carbon sources. In this study we report sequence of PLD cDNA. When starvation was prolonged over approximately five days, cells started to die. To analyze the initiation of cell death, we examined the degradation of DNA and activity of DNA endonuclease. Preliminary results showed that DMA degradation occurred at the onset of cell death. Our findings suggest that carrot cells exhibit two different phases-acclimation response and cell death--during starvation. In working toward a long-term objective of understanding the whole scope of biochemical events during starvation, we have also catalogued the genes induced by starvation.
Derivation of Neural Precursor Cells from Human Embryonic Stem Cells
Kim Sehee,Hong Ji Young,Joo So Yeon,Kim Jae Hwan,Moon Shin Yong,Yoon Hyun Soo,Kim Doo Han,Chung Hyung Min,Choi Seong-Jun 한국동물생명공학회(구 한국동물번식학회) 2004 Reproductive & developmental biology Vol.28 No.4
Human embryonic stem (ES) cells are derived from the inner cell mass of the preimplantation embryo. Human ES cells have the capacity to differentiate into various types of cells in the body. Human ES cells are indefinite source of cells for cell therapy in various degenerative disorders including neuronal disorders. Directed differentiation of human ES cells is a prerequisite for their clinical application. The objective of this study is to develop the culture condition for the derivation of neural precursor cells from human ES cells. Neural precursor cells were derived from human ES cells in a stepwise culture condition. Neural precursor cells in the form of neural rosette structures developed into neurospheres when cultured in suspension. Suspension culture of neurospheres has been maintained over 4 months. Expressions of nestin, soxl, sox2, pax3 and pax6 transcripts were upregulated during differentiation into neural precursor cells by RT-PCR analysis. In contrast, expression of oct4 was dramatically downregulated in neural precursor cells. Immunocytochemical analyses of neural precursor cells demonstrated expression of nestin and SOX1. When induced to differentiate on an adhesive substrate, neuro-spheres were able to differentiate into three lineages of neural systems, including neurons, astrocytes and oligo-dendrocytes. Transcripts of sox1 and pax6 were downregulated during differentiation of neural precursor cells into neurons. In contrast, expression of map2ab was elevated in the differentiated cells, relative to those in neural precursor cells. Neurons derived from neural precursor cells expressed NCAM, Tuj1, MAP2ab, NeuN and NF200 in immunocytochemical analyses. Presence of astrocytes was confirmed by expression of GFAP immuno-cytochemically. Oligodendrocytes were also observed by positive immuno-reactivities against oligodendrocyte marker O1. Results of this study demonstrate that a stepwise culture condition is developed for the derivation of neural precursor cells from human ES cells.
The Effect of Supply Chain Common Auditor on Audit Quality
( Sehee Kim ),( Ahrum Choi ) 한국회계학회 2021 會計學硏究 Vol.46 No.2
Client-specific knowledge is essential for auditors to plan audits effectively, to assess related audit risks and to interpret audit evidence properly. One of the important sources of such knowledge is information about the client’s major customers that contribute significant proportions of revenues and operating profits. Thus, auditors with privileged access to information about the client’s major customers can provide higher-quality audits than those without such access. This paper investigates whether auditors who audit both supplier firms and their major customer firms at the same time, which we refer to as supply chain common (SCC) auditors, exhibit higher audit quality than non-SCC auditors. We find that SCC auditors are better able to constrain opportunistic earnings management using accruals and thereby provide high audit quality. SCC auditors also reduce the possibility that their clients restate financial statements in the future to correct previously inflated earnings. Our results are robust even after controlling for possible endogeneity with respect to SCC auditor choice. The finding suggests that auditing along the supply chain allows auditors to accumulate client-specific knowledge, which in turn helps them to provide high-quality audit service.
A Finite Thin Circular Beam Element for In-Plane Vibration Analysis of Curved Beams
Kim Chang-Boo,Park Jung-Woo,Kim Sehee,Cho Chongdu The Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers 2005 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.19 No.12
In this paper, the stiffness and the mass matrices for the in-plane motion of a thin circular beam element are derived respectively from the strain energy and the kinetic energy by using the natural shape functions of the exact in-plane displacements which are obtained from an integration of the differential equations of a thin circular beam element in static equilibrium. The matrices are formulated in the local polar coordinate system and in the global Cartesian coordinate system with the effects of shear deformation and rotary inertia. Some numerical examples are performed to verify the element formulation and its analysis capability. The comparison of the FEM results with the theoretical ones shows that the element can describe quite efficiently and accurately the in-plane motion of thin circular beams. The stiffness and the mass matrices with respect to the coefficient vector of shape functions are presented in appendix to be utilized directly in applications without any numerical integration for their formulation.
Kim, Yumi,Kim, Sehee,Kim, Chanyang,Sato, Takahiro,Kojima, Masayasu,Park, Seungjoon Japan Endocrine Society 2015 Endocrine journal Vol.62 No.3
<P>Neurogenesis occurs in the adult hippocampus and is enhanced by dietary restriction (DR), and neurogenesis enhancement is paralleled by circulating ghrelin level enhancement. We have previously reported that ghrelin modulates adult neurogenesis in the hippocampus. In order to investigate the possible role of ghrelin in DR-induced hippocampal neurogenesis in adult mice, ghrelin knockout (GKO) mice and wild-type (WT) mice were maintained for 3 months on DR or ad libitum (AL) diets. Protein levels of ghrelin in the stomach and the hippocampus were increased by DR in WT mice. One day after BrdU administration, the number of BrdU-labeled cells in the hippocampal dentate gyrus was decreased in GKO mice maintained on the AL diet. DR failed to alter the proliferation of progenitor cells in both WT and GKO mice. Four weeks after BrdU injection, the number of surviving cells in the dentate gyrus was decreased in AL-fed GKO mice. DR increased survival of newborn cells in WT mice, but not in GKO mice. Levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor protein in the hippocampus were similar between WT and GKO mice, and were increased by DR both in WT and GKO mice. These results suggest that elevated levels of ghrelin during DR may have an important role in the enhancement of neurogenesis induced by DR.</P>
Kim, Eunyoung,Kim, Sehee,Park, Yongsoon Informa UK Ltd. 2015 International journal of food sciences and nutriti Vol.66 No.3
<P>The purpose of this study is to investigate that sorghum extract (SE) exerts cholesterol-lowering effects through the regulation of hepatic cholesterol metabolism-related protein expression. C57BL/6 mice were fed a modified AIN-93G diet (NC) with saline, or a modified AIN-93G diet with 2% cholesterol and 0.25% cholic acid with either saline (HC) or 600 mg SE/kg body weight (HC-SE). Levels of total cholesterol and triglycerides in serum and liver were significantly lower in HC-SE than in HC. The expression of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase, sterol regulatory elementary binding protein2 and fatty acid synthase were significantly lower, whereas phosphorylated AMP-activated protein kinase expression was significantly higher in HC-SE than in HC. Cholesterol 7-α hydroxylase expression was also significantly higher in mice given SE than in those given HC. These results suggest that the cholesterol-lowering effect of SE may be related to the regulation of hepatic cholesterol metabolism in this mouse model.</P>