Psychiatric, Somatic and Other Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders in Patients With Irritable Bowel Syndrome at a Tertiary Care Center

( Prashant Singh ),( Abhishek Agnihotri ),( Manish K Pathak ),( Asef Shirazi ),( Rajeew P Tiwari ),( V Sreenivas ),( Rajesh Sagar ),( Govind K Makharia ) 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회 2012 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.18 No.3

Background/Aims To study the prevalence of somatic and psychiatric co-morbidities in the patients of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and to assess the quality of life (QOL) of these patients. Methods One hundred and eighty-four IBS patients and 198 controls were included. Diagnosis of IBS, its sub-classification and assessment of other functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) was made on basis of Rome III criteria. Severity of IBS was assessed using IBS severity scoring system. Psychiatric evaluation was done using Patient Heath Questionnaire. QOL was evaluated using WHO QOL-BREF. Results One hundred and forty-seven (79.9%) and 158 (85.9%) patients with IBS had at least one other FGID or at least one somatic co-morbidity, respectively. Higher number of patients had at least one psychiatric co-morbidity compared to controls (79.9% vs 34.3%; P < 0.001). Major depressive syndrome (47.3% vs 5.1%; P < 0.001), somatoform disorder (50% vs 14.6%; P < 0.001) and panic syndrome (44% vs 11.6%; P < 0.001) were more common in IBS than controls. Only 14 (7.6%) patients were receiving drug treatment for their psychiatric illness. Severe IBS symptoms were present in significantly higher number of patients with constipation predominant IBS than diarrhea predominant IBS. Those with severe disease had higher prevalence of psychiatric (95.1%) and somatic (96.7%) co-morbidities compared with mild disease. QOL of IBS patients was significantly lower in all four domains compared to controls. Presence of at least one other FGID was significantly associated with presence of one or more psychiatric co-morbidity (P < 0.001). Conclusions Majority of IBS patients presenting to a tertiary care center had associated psychiatric, somatic co-morbidities and reduced QOL. Very few of them received specific psychiatric treatment. (J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2012;18:324-331)

Pelvic Floor Symptom Related Distress in Chronic Constipation Correlates With a Diagnosis of Irritable Bowel Syndrome With Constipation and Constipation Severity but Not Pelvic Floor Dyssynergia

Prashant Singh,Yoonjin Seo,Sarah Ballou,Andrew Ludwig,William Hirsch,Vikram Rangan,Johanna Iturrino,Anthony Lembo,Judy W Nee 대한소화기 기능성질환∙운동학회 2019 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.25 No.1

Background/Aims Although symptoms related to the pelvic floor, such as pelvic organ prolapse (POP) and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), are common in patients with chronic constipation (CC), its impact is not clear. Our aims were to investigate the following (1) compare pelvic floor symptom related dysfunction in irritable bowel syndrome with constipation (IBS-C) and functional constipation (FC), and (2) symptom correlation with findings on anorectal manometry (ARM) and balloon expulsion test. Methods This was a retrospective analysis of patients with CC undergoing ARM. IBS-C and FC were diagnosed by Rome III criteria. Pelvic Floor Distress Inventory (PFDI-20) was used to measure pelvic floor symptom distress. Constipation Severity Scale was used to assess constipation severity. Results A total of 107 patients underwent ARM (64 FC, 43 IBS-C). The overall PFDI-20 score in IBS-C was higher compared with FC patients (118.0 vs 79.2, P = 0.001). In those with IBS-C, POP, LUTS, and colorectal symptoms subscales were all higher compared with FC patients (P < 0.05 for each). On multivariable regression, IBS-C (P = 0.001) and higher constipation severity (P = 0.001) were both independently associated with higher PFDI scores. ARM parameters and abnormal balloon expulsion test did not correlate with PFDI scores. Conclusions Compared with FC patients, those with IBS-C have significantly higher distress from pelvic floor specific symptoms including POP and LUTS. Higher abdominal pain among IBS-C patients did not entirely explain these findings. A diagnosis of IBS-C and higher constipation severity correlated with PFDI-20 scores, but dyssynergia did not. Background/Aims Although symptoms related to the pelvic floor, such as pelvic organ prolapse (POP) and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), are common in patients with chronic constipation (CC), its impact is not clear. Our aims were to investigate the following (1) compare pelvic floor symptom related dysfunction in irritable bowel syndrome with constipation (IBS-C) and functional constipation (FC), and (2) symptom correlation with findings on anorectal manometry (ARM) and balloon expulsion test. Methods This was a retrospective analysis of patients with CC undergoing ARM. IBS-C and FC were diagnosed by Rome III criteria. Pelvic Floor Distress Inventory (PFDI-20) was used to measure pelvic floor symptom distress. Constipation Severity Scale was used to assess constipation severity. Results A total of 107 patients underwent ARM (64 FC, 43 IBS-C). The overall PFDI-20 score in IBS-C was higher compared with FC patients (118.0 vs 79.2, P = 0.001). In those with IBS-C, POP, LUTS, and colorectal symptoms subscales were all higher compared with FC patients (P < 0.05 for each). On multivariable regression, IBS-C (P = 0.001) and higher constipation severity (P = 0.001) were both independently associated with higher PFDI scores. ARM parameters and abnormal balloon expulsion test did not correlate with PFDI scores. Conclusions Compared with FC patients, those with IBS-C have significantly higher distress from pelvic floor specific symptoms including POP and LUTS. Higher abdominal pain among IBS-C patients did not entirely explain these findings. A diagnosis of IBS-C and higher constipation severity correlated with PFDI-20 scores, but dyssynergia did not.

Impacts of Financial Inclusion on Sustainable Development in India

SINGH, Saumya,GAUTAM, Rahul Singh,AGARWAL, Bhakti,PUSHP, Aman,BARGE, Prashant,RASTOGI, Shailesh Korea Distribution Science Association 2022 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.9 No.10

The ultimate motive of the paper is to establish whether financial inclusion (FI) has a consequential impact on the Sustainable Development (SD) of India. This study uses one model for the assessment of the influence of FI through the Co-Operative bank network on SD. This is purposely done to analyze the absolute impact of the role of the Co-Operative bank network in the said context. The sample encompasses data taken from 28 states and 3 Union Territories for two years (FY2018-FY2020). Assessment of data for the remaining Union Territories is not undertaken for the reason of the non-availability of data for other Union Territories. This study uses Panel Data Analysis (PDA) to establish the nexus of the relation between the said variables. Results of this study reveal elevated levels of SD resultant of increased FI thereby indicating a positive and significant relationship between the said variables. Unlike previous studies, this study gives India-specific significant findings, which suggests policy formulation for increasing the numbers and improving the governance of Co-Operative bank networks for SD. Co-Operative bank network as a proxy despite having high weighted significance in FI has not been incorporated in any recent study as per the last updated knowledge of authors.

Photodissociation and photoelectron imaging of molecular ions: probing multisurface and multichannel dynamics

Singh, Prashant Chandra,Shen, Lei,Kim, Myung Hwa,Suits, Arthur G. Royal Society of Chemistry 2010 Chemical Science Vol.1 No.5

<P>High-resolution ion and electron imaging techniques have been used to explore a series of problems in the reaction dynamics of gas phase ions. These have applications ranging from fundamental dynamical studies to atmospheric chemistry and astrochemistry. In this minireview we illustrate these approaches with several examples from our recent work. We examine the conformationally- and vibrationally-mediated photodissociation dynamics of propanal and ethylene cations, and show how these can reveal reaction dynamics across multiple electronic potential surfaces of these molecules. Recent results for methylamine cation photodissociation provide insight into the rich chemistry of the ionosphere of Saturn's great moon, Titan. The combination of high-resolution ion and photoelectron imaging, REMPI spectroscopy and state-of-the-art <I>ab initio</I> calculations yields a powerful multifaceted approach to studying photoionization and photofragmentation dynamics in ions.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>High-resolution ion and electron imaging techniques have been used to explore a series of problems in the reaction dynamics of gas phase ions. In this minireview we illustrate these approaches with several examples from our recent work. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c0sc00295j'> </P>

Pivot to Asia: inflammatory bowel disease burden

( Prashant Singh ),( Ashwin Ananthakrishnan ),( Vineet Ahuja ) 대한장연구학회 2017 Intestinal Research Vol.15 No.1

Scientific rationale of Indian AYUSH Ministry advisory for COVID-19 prevention, prophylaxis, and immunomodulation

Prashant Kumar Gupta,Kishor Sonewane,Mariappan Rajan,Nitin J. Patil,Trapti Agrawal,Ena Ray Banerjee,Nagendra Singh Chauhan,Awanish Kumar 경희대학교 융합한의과학연구소 2023 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.23 No.2

The current outbreak of COVID-19 is caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus that has affected > 210 countries. Various steps are taken by different countries to tackle the current war-like health situation. In India, the Ministry of AYUSH released a self-care advisory for immunomodulation measures during the COVID-19 and this review article discusses the detailed scientific rationale associated with this advisory. Authors have spotted and presented in-depth insight of advisory in terms of immunomodulatory, antiviral, antibacterial, co-morbidity associated actions, and their probable mechanism of action. Immunomodulatory actions of advised herbs with no significant adverse drug reaction/toxicity strongly support the extension of advisory for COVID-19 prevention, prophylaxis, mitigations, and rehabilitation capacities. This advisory also emphasized Dhyana (meditation) and Yogasanas as a holistic approach in enhancing immunity, mental health, and quality of life. The present review may open-up new meadows for research and can provide better conceptual leads for future researches in immunomodulation, antiviral-development, psychoneuroimmunology, especially for COVID-19.

Single Asperity Sliding on Negative-textured Microcavity Surfaces

Prashant Pendyala,Harpreet Singh Grewal,Eui-Sung Yoon 한국트라이볼로지학회 2020 한국트라이볼로지학회 학술대회 Vol.2020 No.9

Power Sharing and Cost Optimization of Hybrid Renewable Energy System for Academic Research Building

Singh, Anand,Baredar, Prashant The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2017 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.8 No.1

Renewable energy hybrid systems look into the process of choosing the finest arrangement of components and their sizing with suitable operation approach to deliver effective, consistent and cost effective energy source. This paper presents hybrid renewable energy system (HRES) solar photovoltaic, downdraft biomass gasifier, and fuel cell based generation system. HRES electrical power to supply the electrical load demand of academic research building sited in $23^{\circ}12^{\prime}N$ latitude and $77^{\circ}24^{\prime}E$ longitude, India. Fuzzy logic programming discover the most effective capital and replacement value on components of HRES. The cause regarding fuzzy logic rule usage on HOMER pro (Hybrid optimization model for multiple energy resources) software program finds the optimum performance of HRES. HRES is designed as well as simulated to average energy demand 56.52 kWh/day with a peak energy demand 4.4 kW. The results shows the fuel cell and battery bank are the most significant modules of the HRES to meet load demand at late night and early morning hours. The total power generation of HRES is 23,794 kWh/year to the supply of the load demand is 20,631 kWh/year with 0% capacity shortage.

Power Sharing and Cost Optimization of Hybrid Renewable Energy System for Academic Research Building

Anand Singh,Prashant Baredar 대한전기학회 2017 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.12 No.4

Renewable energy hybrid systems look into the process of choosing the finest arrangement of components and their sizing with suitable operation approach to deliver effective, consistent and cost effective energy source. This paper presents hybrid renewable energy system (HRES) solar photovoltaic, downdraft biomass gasifier, and fuel cell based generation system. HRES electrical power to supply the electrical load demand of academic research building sited in 23° 12’ N latitude and 77°24’E longitude, India. Fuzzy logic programming discover the most effective capital and replacement value on components of HRES. The cause regarding fuzzy logic rule usage on HOMER pro (Hybrid optimization model for multiple energy resources) software program finds the optimum performance of HRES. HRES is designed as well as simulated to average energy demand 56.52 ㎾h/day with a peak energy demand 4.4 ㎾. The results shows the fuel cell and battery bank are the most significant modules of the HRES to meet load demand at late night and early morning hours. The total power generation of HRES is 23,794 ㎾h/year to the supply of the load demand is 20,631 ㎾h/year with 0% capacity shortage.

Methyl Coenzyme M Reductase (mcrA) Gene Based Phylogenetic Analysis of Methanogens Population in Murrah Buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis)

Prem Prashant Chaudhary,Sunil Kumar Sirohi,Dheer Singh,Jyoti Saxena 한국미생물학회 2011 The journal of microbiology Vol.49 No.4

The aim of the present study was to decipher the diversity of methanogens in rumen of Murrah buffaloes so that effective strategies can be made in order to mitigate methane emission from these methanogens. In the present study diversity of rumen methanogens in Murrah buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) from North India was evaluated by using mcr-A gene library obtained from the pooled PCR product from four animals and by using MEGA4 software. A total of 104 clones were examined, revealing 26 different mcr-A gene sequences or phylotypes. Of the 26 phylotypes, 16 (64 of 104 clones) were less than 97% similar to any of the cultured strain of methanogens. Seven clone sequences were clustered with Methanomicrobium mobile and three clone sequences were clustered with Methanobrevibacter gottschalkii during the phylogenetic analysis. Uncultured group of methanogens comes out to be the major component of the methanogens community structure in Murrah buffaloes. Methanomicrobium phylotype comes out to be major phylotype among cultured methanogens followed by Methanobrevibacter phylotype. These results help in making effective strategies to check the growth of dominant methanogenic communities in the rumen of this animal which in turn help in the reduction of methane emission in the environment and ultimately helps us in fighting with the problem of global warming.