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COVID-19 Vaccine: Critical Questions with Complicated Answers
( Mohammad Faisal Haidere ),( Zubair Ahmed Ratan ),( Senjuti Nowroz ),( Sojib Bin Zaman ),( You-jung Jung ),( Hassan Hosseinzadeh ),( Jae Youl Cho ) 한국응용약물학회 2021 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.29 No.1
COVID-19 has caused extensive human casualties with significant economic impacts around the globe, and has imposed new challenges on health systems worldwide. Over the past decade, SARS, Ebola, and Zika also led to significant concerns among the scientific community. Interestingly, the SARS and Zika epidemics ended before vaccine development; however, the scholarly community and the pharmaceutical companies responded very quickly at that time. Similarly, when the genetic sequence of SARSCoV- 2 was revealed, global vaccine companies and scientists have stepped forward to develop a vaccine, triggering a race toward vaccine development that the whole world is relying on. Similarly, an effective and safe vaccine could play a pivotal role in eradicating COVID-19. However, few important questions regarding SARS-CoV-2 vaccine development are explored in this review.
Pharmacological potential of ginseng and its major component ginsenosides
Zubair Ahmed Ratan,Mohammad Faisal Haidere,Yo Han Hong,Sang Hee Park,Jeong-Oog Lee,Jongsung Lee,Jae Youl Cho 고려인삼학회 2021 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.45 No.2
Ginseng has been used as a traditional herb in Asian countries for thousands of years. It contains a large number of active ingredients including steroidal saponins, protopanaxadiols, and protopanaxatriols, collectively known as ginsenosides. In the last few decades, the antioxidative and anticancer effects of ginseng, in addition to its effects on improving immunity, energy and sexuality, and combating cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, and neurological diseases, have been studied in both basic and clinical research. Ginseng could be a valuable resource for future drug development; however, further higher quality evidence is required. Moreover, ginseng may have drug interactions although the available evidence suggests it is a relatively safe product. This article reviews the bioactive compounds, global distribution, and therapeutic potential of plants in the genus Panax.
Guided wave field calculation in anisotropic layered structures using normal mode expansion method
Lingfang Li,Hanfei Mei,Mohammad Faisal Haider,Dimitris Rizos,Yong Xia,Victor Giurgiutiu 국제구조공학회 2020 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.26 No.2
The guided wave technique is commonly used in structural health monitoring as the guided waves can propagate far in the structures without much energy loss. The guided waves are conventionally generated by the surface-mounted piezoelectric wafer active sensor (PWAS). However, there is still lack of understanding of the wave propagation in layered structures, especially in structures made of anisotropic materials such as carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites. In this paper, the Rayleigh-Lamb wave strain tuning curves in a PWAS-mounted unidirectional CFRP plate are analytically derived using the normal mode expansion (NME) method. The excitation frequency spectrum is then multiplied by the tuning curves to calculate the frequency response spectrum. The corresponding time domain responses are obtained through the inverse Fourier transform. The theoretical calculations are validated through finite element analysis and an experimental study. The PWAS responses under the free, debonded and bonded CFRP conditions are investigated and compared. The results demonstrate that the amplitude and travelling time of wave packet can be used to evaluate the CFRP bonding conditions. The method can work on a baseline-free manner.
Adaptogenic effects of Panax ginseng on modulation of immune functions
Zubair Ahmed Ratan,Soo Hyun Youn,Yi-Seong Kwak,Chang-Kyun Han,Mohammad Faisal Haidere,Jin Kyeong Kim,Hyeyoung Min,You-Jung Jung,Hassan Hosseinzadeh,Sun Hee Hyun,Jae Youl Cho 고려인삼학회 2021 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.45 No.1
Traditional medicinal practices have used natural products such as adaptogens to treat inflammatory, autoimmune, neurodegenerative, bacterial, and viral diseases since the early days of civilization. Panax ginseng Myer is a common herb used in East Asian countries for millennia, especially in Korea, China, and Japan. Numerous studies indicate that ginseng can modulate the immune system and thereby prevent diseases. Although the human immune system comprises many different types of cells, multiple studies suggest that each type of immune cell can be controlled or stimulated by ginseng or its derivatives. Provisional lists of ginseng’s potential for use against viruses, bacteria, and other microorganisms suggest it may prove to be a valuable pharmaceutical resource, particularly if higher-quality evidence can be found. Here, we reviewed the role of ginseng as an immune-modulating agent in attempt to provide a valuable starting point for future studies on the herb and the human immune system.