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KWAK, YI-SEONG,KOBAYASHI, TETSUO,AKIBA, TERUHIKO 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 1994 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.4 No.1
A water sample was taken from a black smoker chimney of a deep-sea hydrothermal vent by using an unmanned submersible "Dolphin 3K". The temperature of the hydrothermal fluid from the black smoker was 276℃. After isolation by repeated serial dilutions, An extremely thermophilic bacterial strain was selected. The strain designated as DT1331, was an anaerobic, non-motile, coccoid shaped bacterium with about 0.5 to 1.0 ㎛ in diameter. The strain DT1331 could grow up to 93℃, but the optimum temperature of this strain was 80℃. The growth occurred in the pH range of 4.5 to 8.5 and the optimum pH was 6.0. The strain DT1331 required 1% to 5% NaCl for growth and cell lysis was observed below 1% NaCl concentration. The bacterium could grow on polypeptides such as tryptone, peptone, soytone and on proteins such as casein or gelatin. However, no growth was observed on single amino acids, sugar and organic acids. Hydrogen gas was detected slightly during growth. This bacterium obligately required elemental sulfur and hydrogen sulfide gas was produced during growth.
Anti-hyperlipidemic Effects of Red Ginseng Acidic Polysaccharide from Korean Red Ginseng
Kwak, Yi-Seong,Kyung, Jong-Soo,Kim, Jong Soo,Cho, Jae Youl,Rhee, Man-Hee Pharmaceutical Society of Japan 2010 Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin Vol.33 No.3
<P>It has been reported that red ginseng acidic polysaccharide (RGAP), isolated from Korean red ginseng, displays immunostimulatory and anti-tumor activities. In a follow-up study, we have carried out a study on the anti-hyperlipidemic effects of RGAP using hyperlipidemic rats acutely induced by Triton WR1339 or corn oil intravenously injected. Oral administration of RGAP (100 to 1000 mg/kg) dose-dependently reduced the serum levels of triglyceride (TG) up-regulated by Triton WR1339, an inducer of endogenous model hyperlipidemia. Moreover, RGAP treatment was shown to significantly decrease the levels of non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) concomitant with TG reduction. However, such reduction effects were not observed in cases of total cholesterol (TC) and phospholipid levels increased under the same conditions, although there was an inhibitory tendency. Similar suppressive patterns were also seen in hepatic parameters (total lipids and TG) under the same conditions. The exogenous hyperlipidemic rat condition triggered by corn oil also supported the anti-hyperlipidemic activity of RGAP in serum and hepatic parameters of TG and NEFA. Interestingly, RGAP significantly enhanced the serum activity of lipoprotein lipase, a key hydrolytic enzyme of lipid molecules in lipoprotein, in a dose-dependent manner up to 80%, implying potential involvement of this enzyme in lowering TG and NEFA by RGAP. Therefore, our data suggest that RGAP may play an additional role in reducing hyperlipidemic conditions, which can be used as a valuable neutraceutical application for the treatment of hyperlipidemia.</P>
Kwak, Yi-Seong,Moon, You-Jin,Kyung, Jong-Soo,Kim, Tae-Hwan,Rhee, Man Hee 대한의생명과학회 2020 Biomedical Science Letters Vol.26 No.2
This study was carried out to investigate the protective effect of crude saponin from Platycodon grandiflorum on Clinical chemical parameters in male rats acutely exposed to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-ρ-dioxin (TCDD). Crude saponin was prepared from Korean Platycodon grandiflorum with Diaion HP-20 adsorption chromatography after extraction of 80% ethanol at 75℃. The crude saponin was confirmed by thin layer chrmatography. When compared with ginseng saponins, the crude saponin had both a few number of saponins and a broad distribution. Forty male rats (200±20 g) were divided into 4 groups. Normal control (NC) group received vehicle and saline; TCDD-treated (TT) group received TCDD (40 ㎍/kg, single dose) intraperitoneally; Platycodon grandiflorum saponin (PG5 and PG10) groups received crude saponin 5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg (p.o), respectively, for 2 weeks before 1 week of TCDD-exposure. Increase of body weight was retarded greatly by TCDD-exposure. Body weight of animals in TT group was significantly decrease after 2 days of TCDD-exposure. However, body weights of animals in PG groups increased through the experimental perimental period, although the increasing rate was slower than that of NC group. Increases in contents of blood glucose, total cholesterol and triglyceride (TG) and activities of amylase, lipase, AST, ALT and LDH by toxic action of TCDD were significantly attenuated by crude saponin from Platycodon grandiflorum (P<0.05). In conclusion, these results suggest that crude saponin prepared from Korean Platycodon grandiflorum might be a member of useful protective agents against TCDD, which is one of the environmental hormones.
TCDD (2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzodioxin)로 급성독성을 유도한 자성 기니픽의 대퇴골 무게감소에 대한 홍삼사포닌의 방어효과
곽이성(Yi-Seong Kwak),경종수(Jong-Soo Kyung),송용범(Yong-Bum Song),위재준(Jae-Joon Wee),박종대(Jong-Dae Park),김시관(Si-Kwan Kim),황미선(Mi-Sun Hwang),김석창(Seok-Chang Kim),박채규(Chae-Kyu Park),도재호(Jae-Ho Do) 고려인삼학회 2006 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.30 No.3
본 연구는 TCDD로 급성독성을 유도한 자성 기니픽의 대퇴골 무게감소에 대한 홍삼사포닌의 효과를 조사하기 위해 수행하였다. 48 마리의 자성기니픽 (820±25 g)을 6 군으로 나누어 정상군 (NC), TCDD 단독투여군 (TT), 사포닌 전투여군 (PE10, 20), 사포닌후투여군 (CE10, 20)으로 나누었다. NC군은 vehicle과 saline 만을 투여하였고, TT군은 TCDD를 단회투여 (5.0 ㎍/㎏, i.p) 하였다. PE10 및 20군은 TCDD 투여 1 주일 전부터 총 3 주동안 사포닌을 투여 (복강) 하였다. 반면 CE10 및 20군은 TCDD 투여한 직후부터 총 3 주동안 사포닌을 투여 (복강) 하였다. 사포닌 투여군의 체중변화를 살펴보면 TT군은 TCDD 투여후 유의적인 체중감소 현상이 관찰되었으나 PE10, 20 및 CE10, 20 등 사포닌 투여군에서는 TT군에 비해 체중이 모두 증가하는 경향을 보였다. TCDD 투여는 자성기니픽의 대퇴골 무게를 유의적으로 감소시키는 반면 홍삼사포닌의 투여는 대퇴골 무게감소를 억제하는 경향을 보였다. 대퇴골 무게감소 억제현상은 PE20군에서 가장 높게 나타났다. 대퇴골의 Ca²? 도 TT군은 NC군 대비 약 20.4% 감소하는데 반해 사포닌 투여군은 TT군 대비 Ca²? 함량이 증가되는 경향을 나타내었다. 이러한 결과로부터 홍삼사포닌은 TCDD에 의해 억제된 기니픽의 대퇴골내 Ca²? 함량을 증가시킴으로써 대퇴골의 무게감소를 회복시키는 것으로 추론할 수 있겠다. To investigate the protective effect of saponin from red ginseng extract, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo--dioxin (TCDD) was exposed to female guinea pigs and then femur weights was measured. Forty eight female guinea pigs (820±25 g) were divided into 6 groups. Normal control group (NC) received vehicle and saline; only TCDD-treated group (TT) received TCDD (5.0 ㎍/㎏, single dose) intraperitoneally; pretreated group of saponin 10 (PE 10) received 10 ㎎/㎏ of saponin i.p. for 4 weeks from 1 week before TCDD-exposure; pretreated group of saponin 20 (PE 20) also received 20 ㎎/㎏ of saponin i.p. for 4 weeks from 1 week before TCDD-exposure. While, post-treated group of saponin 10 (CE 10) received 10 ㎎/㎏ of saponin i.p for 3 weeks after TCDD-exposure. Post-treated group of saponin 20 (CE 20) received 20 ㎎/㎏ saponin i.p for 3 weeks after TCDD-exposure. Body weight of TT group was significantly decreased after TCDD-exposure. However, body weight in all saponin-treated gropus increased throughout the experimental period, although the increasing rate was slower than that of NC group. Body weights of PE 10 and 20 groups showed more higher increase than those of CE groups during the experimental period. Decrease of femur weights in female guinea pigs by TCDD intoxification was significantly recovered by the saponin treatment. Decrease of Ca²? level of femurs in female guinea pigs exposed TCDD also recovered by the treatment of saponin from red ginseng extract. Especially, PE20 group showed the highest increase of the Ca²? level in femur among the saponin treated groups. These results suggest that ginseng saponin might be a useful protective agent against femur damage caused to decrease of Ca²? by TCDD.
홍삼산성다당체 (RGAP)와 항암제의 병용투여에 의한 항암시너지 효과
곽이성(Yi-Seong Kwak),김영숙(Young-Sook Kim),신한재(Han-Jae Shin),송용범(Yong-Bum Song),박종대(Jong-Dae Park) 고려인삼학회 2003 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.27 No.2
Synergistic anticancer activities of red ginseng acidic polysaccharide (RGAP) showing immunomodulatory activity were evaluated by combined treatment with anticancer agents such as Cyclophosphamide (CY) or 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) in experimental tumor models. The combined treatment of RGAP (100 mg/kg) and CY (3 mg/kg) exhibited 71% of survival rate in life span of sarcoma 180-bearing mice, while single treatment of RGAP (100 mg/kg) and CY (3 or 10 mg/kg) exhibited 43, 14 and 43% of survival rates, respectively. In addition, when RGAP (100 mg/kg) was administered<br/> in combination with 5-FU (2.5 mg/kg) to sarcoma 180 tumor-bearing mice, higher survival rate was found when compared with RGAP or 5-FU treatment alone. Moreover, tumor weights in LL/2 lung carcinoma-bearing mice treated combined with RGAP (100 mg/kg) and 5-FU (5 or 10mg/kg) was obviously decreased when compared with 5-FU alone.<br/> These results suggest that clinical trials of RGAP as an adjuvant in cancer chemotheraphy can be higly feasible.