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Management of Flood Waste in Small and Medium Scale Asian Cities in Tropical Region
( Tomonori Ishigaki ),( Kosuke Kawai ),( Rieko Kubota ),( Komsilp Wangyao ),( Pham Khac Lieu ),( Sirintornthep Towprayoon ),( Chart Chiemchaisri ),( Masato Yamada ) 한국폐기물자원순환학회(구 한국폐기물학회) 2015 한국폐기물자원순환학회 3RINCs초록집 Vol.2015 No.-
This study reports on the challenges to a model of resilient and adaptable SWM against flood in Asian tropical/pluvial countries, in order to adapt to frequent flood events that would be influenced by climate change. Collapse of Solid waste management by sudden natural disasters will directly lead to collapse of city. Here we have summarized some cases of flood waste handlings in tropical Asian cities that were attacked by flood disasters recently. Mega-scale city like Bangkok should have enough capacity to handle of flood waste though the inundation of some part of capital must be a considerable worst situation. In contrast, small and medium scale cities easily lost their ability to administrate under flooding situation if the prepared ness was not sufficient. Situation of "vulnerable" against to flood must be improved for quick recovery from disaster, and waste management systems is also expected to be more resilient. The goal of this study is to draw a scheme of guidance to improve or upgrade the solid waste management system in middle or small scale cities that leads the cities to be resilient against to flood.
Masaaki Usami,Ichiro Takeuchi,Reiko Kyodo,Yuri Hirano,Kosuke Kashiwagi,Hiroki Fujikawa,Hirotaka Shimizu,Toshinao Kawai,Katsuhiro Arai 대한장연구학회 2022 Intestinal Research Vol.20 No.4
Background/Aims: Very early-onset inflammatory bowel disease (VEO-IBD), defined as IBD diagnosed in patients younger than 6 years, is a challenge for pediatric gastroenterologists. Although there have been reports regarding VEO-IBD in Western countries, those in Asia are still lacking. This study aimed to investigate the clinical features of Japanese VEO-IBD patients.Methods: Patients with VEO-IBD diagnosed between 2006 and 2019 were evaluated retrospectively. The disease phenotypes were classified into ulcerative colitis type (UC-type) and Crohn’s disease type (CD-type), and the clinical features and courses were compared between the phenotypes.Results: Overall, 54 VEO-IBD patients (19 patients with UC-type and 35 patients with CD-type) were evaluated. The median age at onset was 18 months. One patient had severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID), and 9 patients had monogenic IBD. Monogenic IBD was more prevalent in the CD-type patients with perianal disease (CD-type (PD)). The age at onset was significantly lower in the CD-type group (P<0.05). The most common initial symptom was bloody stools (70%), followed by diarrhea (63%), weight loss (24%), fever (20%), and perianal disease (20%). Excluding patients with SCID and monogenic IBD, 23 out of 44 patients (52%) required biologics. The biologics were switched in 11 out of 44 patients (25%), and the majority of these patients (82%) were in the CD-type group. Overall, 9 patients (20%) required intestinal resection or ostomy placement.Conclusions: CD-type tends to occur at an earlier age, and monogenic IBD occurs significantly more frequently in CD-type (PD). Disease severity and treatment should be individualized, owing to the disease heterogeneity.
Yuichi Tomiki,Jun Aoki,Shunsuke Motegi,Rina Takahashi,Toshiaki Hagiwara,Yu Okazawa,Kosuke Mizukoshi,Masaya Kawai,Shinya Munakata,Shun Ishiyama,Kiichi Sugimoto,Kazuhiro Sakamoto 대한소화기내시경학회 2019 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.52 No.6
Background/Aims: Sclerotherapy with aluminum potassium sulfate and tannic acid (ALTA) has a potent effect on internalhemorrhoids. In this retrospective study, we compared the effects of endoscopic ALTA therapy and standard ALTA therapy. Methods: We investigated patients who underwent treatment for internal hemorrhoids at our institution between 2014 and 2016. Theywere divided into a standard ALTA group (n=33, treated using proctoscopy) and an endoscopic ALTA group (n=48). We compared theclinical findings between the 2 groups. Results: There were no intergroup differences in background factors. The mean ALTA dose was 21.9±7.2 mL and 17.8±3.4 mL inthe standard and endoscopic ALTA groups, respectively (p<0.01). Adverse events occurred in 4 patients (12.1%) from the standardALTA group and 6 patients (12.5%) from the endoscopic ALTA group. In both groups, the patients reported good satisfaction withthe therapeutic effect at 1 month after the procedure. Hemorrhoids recurred in 2 patients (6.3%) from the standard ALTA group and 4patients (8.3%) from the endoscopic ALTA group. Conclusions: Endoscopic ALTA sclerotherapy is equivalent to standard ALTA therapy in terms of efficacy, adverse events, andrecurrence. Therefore, it is a useful non-surgical option for patients with internal hemorrhoids who prefer a less invasive treatment.