Trends and Changes of Maternal Age at Live Birth and Related Statistics in Korea (1981-2019)

( Jungha Yun ),( Se-hyung Son ),( Chong-woo Bae ) 대한주산의학회 2021 Perinatology Vol.32 No.2

Objective: To investigate the changing trends of maternal age at birth in Korea over the past 40 years and related statistics to identify the aging trend. Methods: Population and birth statistics between 1981 and 2019 were obtained from the Statistics Korea. Birth data including total number of births, crude birth rate (CBR), total fertility rate (TFR), and maternal statistics including women's first marriage age, number of women of childbearing potential, distribution of maternal age at birth, maternal age by birth order, and birth weight by maternal age were reviewed. Results: There was a decrease in the total number of births, CBR and TFR. The average age of women at first marriage increased from 23.2 to 30.6 years and the number of women of childbearing potential decreased from 17.6 million to 15.86 million. The number of advanced maternal age women increased from 3.9% to 33.4% and the number of newborns born to advanced maternal age mothers increased threefold from 33 thousands to 100 thousands. The proportion of low-birth weight infants by maternal age increased among mothers under the age of 20 and mothers of advanced maternal age. Conclusion: We found significant trends in low birth rate, decreased number of women of childbearing potential, later first marriage age and increasing maternal age over 40 years in Korea. In terms of perinatal management, this study intended to provide basic data, aiming at overcoming a rising trend in low birth rate and advanced maternal age.

Birth Rate Transition in the Republic of Korea: Trends and Prospects

Yun Jungha,Kim Chae Young,Son Se-Hyung,Bae Chong-Woo,Choi Yong-Sung,Chung Sung-Hoon 대한의학회 2022 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.37 No.42

Background: In Korea, the birth rate is declining at an alarming pace. This study aimed to investigate the changes and trends in the population count, number of births, and birth rate in Korea, in the past and future. Methods: Data regarding the total number of births, crude birth rate, and total fertility rate were collected from the “Statistics Korea Census” of the national statistical portal, census report, and Statistics Korea’s “2020 Population Trend Survey for 1981–2020, provisional results of birth and death statistics.” We used the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development 2019 Family Database for the TFR. To develop a better understanding of the data in this study, we classified it according to the modern history of Korea. Results: The changes and trends in the number of births and fertility rate in Korea, after liberation, were due to the birth control policy that restricted births. In Korea’s low fertility society, which began in the mid-2000s, the fertility rate dropped to below 0.84 in 2020, despite policies to improve the quality of the population. The death toll has reached 300,000, entering an era of population decline. Conclusion: As we enter the era of population decline, we are in a direction that will cause various socioeconomic problems, from demographic problems to future population decline.

The Bayley-III Adaptive Behavior and Social-Emotional Scales as Important Predictors of Later School-Age Outcomes of Children Born Preterm

Jungha Yun,Ee Kyung Kim,Seung Han Shin,Han Suk Kim,Jin A Lee,김은선,Hye Jeong Jin 대한신생아학회 2018 Neonatal medicine Vol.25 No.4

Purpose: We aim to assess the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, third edition (Bayley-III), Adaptive Behavior (AB) and Social-Emotional (SE) scales at 18 to 24 months of corrected age (CA) to examine their associations with school-age cognitive and behavioral outcomes in children born preterm. Methods: Eighty-eight infants born with a very low birth weight (<1,500 g) or a gestational age of less than 32 weeks who were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit from 2008 to 2009 were included. Of the 88 children who completed school-age tests at 6 to 8 years of age, 37 were assessed using the Bayley-III, including the AB and SE scales, at 18 to 24 months of CA. Correlation, cross-tabulation, and receiver operating characteristic analyses were performed to assess the longitudinal associations. Results: A significant association was observed between communication scores on the Bayley-III AB scale at 18 to 24 months of CA and the Korean version of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (K-WISC) full-scale intelligence quotient (FSIQ) at school age (r=0.531). The total behavior problem scores of the Korean version of the Child Behavior Checklist (K-CBCL) at school age were significantly negatively related to the Bayley-III SE and AB scales but not to the cognitive, language, or motor scales. Conclusion: Our findings encourage AB and SE assessments during the toddler stage and have important implications for the early identification of children in need of intervention and the establishment of guidelines for follow-up with high-risk infants.

시설보호 아동의 기질 및 사회적 지지와 긍정적,부정적 정서의 관계

문지윤 ( Chi Yun Moon ),임정하 ( Jungha Lim ) 대한가정학회 2011 Human Ecology Research(HER) Vol.49 No.3

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between temperament, social support and positive, as well as negative emotions of institutionalized children. The participants were 198 children aged from 10 to 13 years old. They were recruited from 20 childcare facilities in Seoul. Data were analyzed using Cronbach alphas, factor analyses, frequencies, percentiles, t-tests and hierarchical regression analyses. The major findings were as follows: 1) on average, girls showed higher emotionality in temperament compared to boys. Girls reported greater support of school teacher than boys. Boys experienced significantly higher positive emotions than girls, while girls reported significantly higher negative emotions than boys. 2) Positive emotions were influenced by the support of the institutionalized family as well as school teachers. Negative emotions were influenced by the support of the institutionalized family.

대학생의 감사성향과 인지적 유연성이 대인관계 유능성에 미치는 영향

임정하(Lim, Jungha),조은영(Jo, Eunyoung),오연경(Oh, Younkyung),윤원영(Yun, Wonyoung) 한국청소년정책연구원 2016 한국청소년연구 Vol.27 No.2

본 연구는 대학생의 감사성향과 인지적 유연성이 대인관계 유능성에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 알아보기 위하여 수행되었다. 서울 지역에 소재한 4개 대학교 재학생 414명을 대상으로 자기보고식 설문조사를 실시하였다. 수집된 자료는 t 검증과 상관분석 및 위계적 다중회귀분석을 이용하여 분석하였다. 주요 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 감사성향은 대학생의 성별에 따라 유의미한 차이가 나타나지 않았지만 인지적 유연성은 대학생의 성별에 따라 유의미한 차이가 나타났다. 즉 남학생들이 여학생들에 비해 변화하는 환경 자극에 따라 인지의 틀을 적응적으로 전환하는 능력이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 대인관계 유능성 전체에서는 대학생의 성별에 따른 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 하지만 대인관계 유능성의 하위요인 중 갈등관리에서는 유의미한 차이가 나타났는데, 남학생들이 여학생들 보다 타인과의 관계에서 발생하는 문제들을 적절하게 해결할 수 있는 능력이 높게 나타났다. 둘째, 성별과 학년 및 종교를 통제한 후에도 감사성향과 인지적 유연성이 대인관계 유능성에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 즉 자신의 긍정적인 경험이 다른 사람의 도움으로 인한 것임을 인식하고 고마운 마음으로 반응할수록, 변화하는 환경 자극에 따라 인지의 틀을 보다 적응적으로 전환할수록 대인관계 유능성이 높게 나타났다. 또한, 상대적으로 인지적 유연성은 감사성향보다 대인관계 유능성에 더 큰 영향을 미치는 요인으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구결과는 대학생의 대인관계 유능성을 향상시키기 위한 상담 및 프로그램에 기초 자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이다. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of dispositional gratitude and cognitive flexibility on the interpersonal competence (including initiation, assertion, conflict management, caring for others, and appropriate disclosure). The participants comprised 414 students recruited from 4 universities in Seoul. The data were analyzed by means of t-tests, Pearson’s correlations and hierarchical multiple regression analyses. The results were as follows. First, male students showed higher levels of cognitive flexibility and conflict management than female students. Second, after controlling the effects of gender, grade and religion, both dispositional gratitude and cognitive flexibility significantly explained the variance in interpersonal competence. Moreover, cognitive flexibility was a more meaningful factor than dispositional gratitude in explaining the level of interpersonal competence. These results suggest that dispositional gratitude and cognitive flexibility play an important role in the development of interpersonal competence for college students.

Estimates of Future Population, Birth Rate, and Number of Total Births and Children in South Korea: Comparison with Past Statistics

( Eugene Kim ),( Jungha Yun ),( Chae Young Kim ),( Sung-hoon Chung ),( Se-hyung Son ),( Yong-sung Choi ),( Chong-woo Bae ) 대한주산의학회 2021 Perinatology Vol.32 No.4

Objective: South Korea has faced future population decline because of the continuous decrease in the birth rate. It coupled with increased life expectancy will accelerate population aging and decrease the size of the working-age population over time. This study aimed to investigate the trends and estimates from some indicators by reviewing population changes and birth rates from data available from Statistics Korea. Methods: We analyzed the results from 1980 to 2019 based on actual data reports and those from 2020 to 2060 based on model estimates using Korean Statistical Information Service and Statistics Korea. Results: After 2020, the population is expected to increase to 51,942 thousand persons by 2028 and will begin to decline to 51,940 thousand persons by 2029, 49,574 thousand persons by 2045, and 42,838 thousand persons by 2060, thereafter remaining below 50,000 thousand persons. According to the middle-level scenario about crude birth rate (CBR), estimated CBR will be 5.8 in 2022, the lowest level, and will increase insignificantly to 6.0 by 2023 and 6.3 by 2035. It will begin declining again, falling back to 5.8 by 2040 and 5.0 by 2050. Conclusion: These analyses will help establish public-health policies for newborns and children in Korea over the next 40 years.

회로 최적화를 위한 통계적 수율 예측

심재훈(Jaehoon Shim),윤복식(Boksik Yun),송낙운(Nagun Song),서정하(Jungha Suh) 대한전자공학회 1991 대한전자공학회 학술대회 Vol.1991 No.6

탄소중립을 위한 식품소비 단계의 온실가스 감축 대안과 효과분석

홍연아(Hong Yeona),성재훈(Sung Jaehoon),이용선(Lee Yongsun),윤찬미(Yun Chanmi),이정해(Lee Junghae),이지용(Lee Jiyong),문동현(Moon Donghyun),연미영(Yon Miyong) 한국농촌경제연구원 2022 한국농촌경제연구원 기본연구보고서 Vol.- No.-

무인자동차를 위한 차량제어 및 차선인식에 관한연구

김상겸(Sanggyum Kim),김창만(Changman Kim),유환신(Hwansin Yun),임하영(Hayoung Lim),김정하(Jungha Kim) 한국자동차공학회 2003 한국자동차공학회 Symposium Vol.2003 No.8

In this paper, we describe a method of the vehicle control and lane tracking for the unmanned vehicle. Vehicle control and lane tracking arc considered one of the important technologies in an unmanned vehicle. The current position and condition of the vehicle arc calculated from an image processing method by a CCD camera. Images are transmitted to a main computer though wireless video module. A main computer finds information of lane in road images. And it calculates control value of vehicle. In this paper, specially, vehicle control is included in the road model and lateral and longitudinal controls. And the image processing method deals with the lane detection method, image processing algorithm, and filtering method. Finally. we used median filtering method to removal of noise and used characteristic part of road image for advanced of processing time<br/>