목운동에 따른 상반신 체표면 변화에 관한 연구

정화연,서미아 漢陽大學校 韓國生活科學硏究所 2002 韓國 生活 科學 硏究 Vol.- No.20

The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes in upper body surface lines caused by the neck movements. Experimental research was performed by gypsum method and the neck movements were consisted of 5 types (upright posture, bending down, bending backward, leaning a head to the right side, and leaning a head to the left side). The results were as follows; 1) As a result of investigating into the rate of the expansion and contraction of horizontal body surface lines, front shoulder line was moved to be inside and back shoulder line was moved to be upside. There was a negative correlation between c3∼d1 and d1∼d2. Generally, the most of front body surface lines were contracted and back lines were mostly expanded. In particular, the rate of changes in shoulder area was higher than other areas. 2) The result of the analysis of the vertical body surface lines, the length of the center back line was increased except the movement of bending backward and the length of the renter front line was decreased in the movement of bending down. 3) According to the variation rates of the body surfaces in length of standard lines, the rate of increase of the length was higher in the front than in the back. 4) According to comparative drawing of the shape of the neck, the shape of the neck in the movement of bending backward and leaning a head to the right side was hollowed than that of the movement of upright posture. But the movement of bending down and leaning a head to the left sloe was more flat. As has been observed, upper body parts whose measurements of body surface lines were differed significantly in the neck movements. Accordingly, the task of designing garments with good neck fitness should be achieved by taking the widen amount caused by the neck movements.

강원지역의 자원관리를 위한 지리정보시스템 개발

서백수,임길재,정영준,송화선,류창희,민경원,서희정 강원대학교 석재복합신소재제품연구센터 1997 석재연 논문집 Vol.2 No.-

강원도는 오랫동안 금속, 비금속, 석재 및 석탄과 같은 지하자원들을 공급하는 국내 주요생산지로 알려져 왔으나, 장기적인 채광과 비 계획적인 생산으로 인하여 매장량이 고갈되고 있으며, 대외적으로 생산 경쟁력 마저 잃어가고 있다. 이러한 문제점에 대한 해결방안의 일환으로 본 연구에서는 강원도내에 산재되어 있는 지하자원의 분포, 자원 생산시설 및 생산량, 경제성, 자원개발, 환경문제 등 자원관리에 필요한 제반사항을 수행할 수 있는 강원지역 자원 종합관리 GIS 시스템을 개발하였다. 이 시스템의 개발은 방대한 양의 정보 조사 및 저장, 오랜 개발기간, 많은 소요인력 및 개발 비용이 요구되기 때문에 본 연구에서는 조기에 자원관리 GIS 시스템을 개발하여 이와 관련된 생산 및 연구 분야에 조기에 적용할 수 있도록, 일차년도에는 현재 석재복합 신소재제품 연구센터의 집중적 연구대상 지역인 태백지역에 대한 탄광지역을 중심으로 자원 종합관리 GIS 시스템을 개발하였다. The Kangwon province has been well-known to be one of major underground resource producing districts which are mainly supplying metals, non-metals, stones, and coals. However, due to the long-term mining and unplanned production, the natural resource reserves have been rapidly drained and oversea production competition has been losing. In this study, we has developed a GIS system for regional resource management in the Kangwon province, which can operate, maintain, and manage the distribution of underground resources, resource production facilities, production and economic development, and environmental issues. The development of this system requires the collection, analysis, evaluation, and storage for a huge amount of research data, and in addition, the long period of time, the big research man power, and big development cost. Accordingly, to shorten the development period of time and to early apply itself to production, this stage of study has been intensively developed a regional resource GIS system for managing the mines scattered in the Tabak province, which is one of hottest RRC's research areas.

성인용 브래지어의 치수체계에 관한 실태조사 : 케이블 TV홈쇼핑 판매제품을 중심으로 focusing on products in Cable TV Home Shopping

정화연,서미아 漢陽大學校 韓國生活科學硏究所 2003 韓國 生活 科學 硏究 Vol.- No.21

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the suitability of size of adult women's brassieres sold in Cable TV Home-Shopping. For this purpose, the characteristics of the manufacture's size chart for brassieres were analyzed and compared with Korean Industrial Standard size chart. The results of this study show that 1. The main target age of underwear brand (especially PB brand) in Cable TV Home Shopping was adult women in their middle 30's to early 40's. 2. As a consequence of reviewing the production ratio of each brassiere cup size, that of "A" and "B" cup appeared in a ratio of 7 to 3. And the highest production ratio of "A" cup size was 45% (80A), followed by 35% (75A), 15% (85A), and 5% (90A) in their order. As for B cup size, 80B was 40%, 75B was 30%, 85B was 25%, 90B was 5%. 3. Cup sizes labeled on brassieres sold in Cable TV Home-Shopping were not consistent with revised cup sizes (KS K 0070:1999) and still all brassieres were labeled by former cup sizes (KS K 0070:1987). 4. In the case of underbust circumference and bust circumference, the manufacture's size chart was not consistent with Korean Industrial Standard size chart (KS K 0070:1999). That's why Korean Industrial Standard size chart is not taken into consideration for elastic materials. 5. There is no size chart based on the characteristics of volumes and shapes of the breasts in Korean Industrial Standard size chart. Therefore, we need to set up the method of deciding the cup sizes to make up for the problem of current brassiere sizing system

Head-Space SPME에 의한 생체시료 중 메스암페타민류 분석(Ⅲ)

박미정,최상길,손행자,최화경,최영남,허상철,박종서,정희선 內務部 國立科學搜査硏究所 2002 國立 科學 搜査 硏究所 年報 Vol.34 No.-

여성 청각 ·언어장애인의 취업욕구에 관한 조사 연구 : 부산 ·경남지역을 중심으로

김기태,박병현,서화정 釜山大學校 社會福祉硏究所 1999 社會福祉硏究 Vol.9 No.-

Prednisolone 에 의한 장티푸스 抗菌治療의 지연

鄭喜泳,鄭圭源,金在亨,徐廷和,宋貞燮 대한감염학회 1976 감염 Vol.8 No.1

For the purpose of shortening of febrile period of typhoid fever, prednisolone was administered with bacteriocidal antibiotics though corticosteroid had not been used routinely for its possible side effects on typhoid fever. The authors suspected beneficial effects of corticosteroid because the action of bacteriocidal antibiotics was different from the action of bacteriostatic effects of chloramphenicol which was used in the last 30 years. The result was quite different from expectation and the febrile period of the patients was prolonged in all of the cases as shown in figures. Corticosteroid must not be used in typhoid fever so far as it is possible because delay of antibiotic effect than other known side effect. The possible mechanism of the longer intracellular parasitism of Salmonella typhi due to corticosteroid for the prolongation of fever was discussed.

고려시대 외교현안과 문학적 대응

( Jung Hwa Suh ) 한국한문학회 2013 韓國漢文學硏究 Vol.0 No.51

본고는 전통시대의 한문학 작가들이 외교현안에 대해 문학적으로 어떻게 대응하였는가, 그렇다면 한문학 연구자들은 외교문서를 어떻게 다루어야 하는가라는 문제의식에서 기획되었다. 公的 산문에서 외교와 관련되는 것은 表箋이나 上書가 주를 이루는 데, 본고의 목적을 달성하기 위해 일차적으로 고려시대의 외교현안에 관련된 글을 분석하였다. 먼저 박인량의 글은 고려가 거란에게 압록강의 시설물을 철거해 줄 것을 요청하는 글이다. 으레 사용하는 감사·겸손 등의 투식을 걷어내면, 첫 단락의 비유는 綱領이 되고, 그 아래 단락들의 用事는 조목이 되어 비유와 용사가 긴밀하다. 이규보의 글은 몽고의 살례탑이 요구한 것에 대한 답변이다. 본론을 간략하게 정리하면 ‘수락1―거부1―거부2―거부3―수락2’가 된다. 줄 것은 주고 챙길 것은 챙기려는 전략으로, 수락과 거부를 짜임새 있게 배치하여 몽고의 요구에 대응하였다. 이제현의 글은 類比를 통해 백주승상을 예우하는 동시에 압박하고, 칭양을 전제로 삼아 그에 상응하는 책임을 요구함으로써 충선왕 구명의 정당성을 확보하였다. 특히 청탁을 하면서도 옹졸하거나 궁색한 것이 아니라 강한 설득력과 함께 자신감이 두드러지는 글이다. 본고는 외교사적으로 거대 담론을 생성하지도 못했고, 고려시대 외교문서의 전체를 개관하여 유형화하지도 못했다. 하지만 고려시대 하면 흔히 말하는 ‘자료의 영성함’을 돌파할 수 있는 가능성, 곧 私的 산문뿐만 아니라 공적 산문을 연구 대상으로 포섭함으로써 보다 진전된 연구를 촉발할 수 있는 교두보를 마련했다는 점에서는 일정 정도 의의가 있으리라 기대한다. This study was designed in the problem that how to respond to dynasty diplomacy by the traditional Chinese literature writers, and it was designed in the problem that how to handle diplomatic document by the Chinese literature researcher. The diplomatic document usually feature a pyojeon(表箋) and a letter to one´s superior in the public prose, primarily considered works related to the Goryeo dynasty diplomacy issue in order to achieve the purpose of this study. First, Park, In-ryang(朴寅亮)`s work is writing to a request from Goryeo dynasty to the Kitan, to demolish the Amnokgang`s facility. If this work was skimmed off the formality speaking, the first paragraph`s metaphor is the doctrine, under paragraph`s yongsa(用事) is the clause, a metaphor and a yongsa(用事) are closely related to each other. Lee, Gyu-bo(李奎報)`s work is a response to the needs of Mongolia. Simply the point can be summarized as follows "acceptance-1 → rejection-1 → rejection-2 → rejection-3 → acceptance-2". It was well-structured by acceptance and rejection, has responded to the needs of Mongolia. Lee, je-hyeon(李齊賢)`s work stands out as the analogy. In particular, he shows strong confidence without intolerance by the urgent request. This study did not produce huge discourse in diplomacy history. In addition, it did not take a survey of the whole diplomatic document in Goryeo dynasty. However, private prose as well as public prose by inclusion in the study, has established a bridgehead for more advanced studies can be triggered.

The effect of single trial transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation on balance and gait function in elderly people with dementia: a pilot study

Jung, Ju Yeon,Jung, Jin-Hwa,Hahm, Suk-Chan,Jung, Kyoungsim,Kim, Sung-Jin,Suh, Hye Rim,Cho, Hwi-young korean Academy of Physical Therapy Rehabilitation 2017 Physical therapy rehabilitation science Vol.1 No.1

Objective: Elderly people with dementia experience not only cognitive dysfunction but also motor function deficits, such as balance and gait impairments. Recently, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) has been used to reduce pain as well as to control muscle spasm, spasticity and motor performance in various types of subjects. The purpose of this study determined the effect of a single trial TENS on balance and gait function in elderly people with dementia. Design: A randomized controlled trial. Methods: Twenty-two subjects with dementia were assigned to the TENS group (n=12) and ten subjects were assigned to the control group (n=10) randomly. Subjects were classified into two groups: the TENS group (n=12) and the placebo-TENS group (n=10). The TENS group had electrical stimulation applied on the calf muscle for 15 minutes, while the placebo-TENS group had not received real electrical stimulation. The timed up and go test (TUG) and functional reach test (FRT) were used to measure the balance function, and the 10 meters walk test (MWT) and 6MWT were used to assess gait ability. All tests were performed before and after intervention under a single-blinded condition. Results: After intervention, there were significant improvements in TUG, FRT, 10MWT, and 6MWT results in the TENS group (p<0.05), while the placebo-TENS group did not show significant changes in all outcome measurements. There were also differences in all tests between the two groups at post-measurements (p<0.05). Conclusions: This study demonstrated that a single trial TENS application on the calf may be used to improve balance and gait function in elderly people with dementia.

A cisplatin-incorporated liposome that targets the epidermal growth factor receptor enhances radiotherapeutic efficacy without nephrotoxicity

JUNG, JOOHEE,JEONG, SEONG-YUN,PARK, SEOK SOON,SHIN, SEOL HWA,JU, EUN JIN,CHOI, JINHYANG,PARK, JAESOOK,LEE, JAE HEE,KIM, INKI,SUH, YOUNG-AH,HWANG, JUNG JIN,KURODA, SHUN’ICHI,LEE, JUNG SHIN,SONG, SI YEO Spandidos Publications 2015 International journal of oncology Vol.46 No.3

<P>Radiotherapy (RT) is one of the major modalities for non???small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but its efficacy is often compromised by cellular resistance caused by various mechanisms including the overexpression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Although cis???diamminedichloroplatinum(???) (cisplatin, CDDP) has been well characterized as an effective radiosensitizer, its clinical application is limited by its severe nephrotoxic effects. In our current study, we developed a CDDP???incorporated liposome (LP) conjugated with EGFR antibodies (EGFR:LP???CDDP) and evaluated its potential to radiosensitize EGFR???overexpressing cells without exerting nephrotoxic effects. EGFR:LP???CDDP showed higher cytotoxicity than non???targeting liposomal CDDP (LP???CDDP) in the cells expressing EGFR in vitro. In an A549 cell???derived xenograft tumor mouse model, increased delays in tumor growth were observed in the mice treated with a combination of EGFR:LP???CDDP and radiation. Notably, the EGFR:LP???CDDP???treated animals showed no differences in body weight loss, survival rates of nephrotoxicity compared with untreated control mice. In contrast, the use of CDDP caused lower body weights and poorer survival outcomes accompanied by a significant level of nephrotoxicity [e.g., decreased kidney weight, increased blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine, and pathological change]. These findings suggest the feasibility of using EGFR:LP???CDDP to radiosensitize cells in a targeted manner without inducing nephrotoxic effects. This compound may therefore have clinical potential as part of a tailored chemoradiotherapy strategy.</P>

Efficacy and Safety of Endoscopic Variceal Obliteration (EVO) vs. Balloon-occluded Retrograde Transvenous Obliteration (BRTO) as Prophylactic Treatment for Gastric Varices

( Jung Wan Choe ),( Hyung Joon Yim ),( Seung Hwa Lee ),( Hwan Hoon Chung ),( Sang Jun Suh ),( Seung Young Kim ),( Jong Jin Hyun ),( Sung Woo Jung ),( Young Kul Jung ),( Ja Seol Koo ),( Ji Hoon Kim ),( 대한간학회 2016 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2016 No.1

Aims: No single effective method has yet been established for the prophylactic treatment of gastric varices. So, we aimed to compare two prophylactic treatment methods, including EVO and BRTO for gastric varices. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed patients with gastric varices, who had undergone either EVO or BRTO as a prophylactic treatment. The end points were eradication rate of gastric varices and gastric variceal bleeding rate during the follow-up period. Results: Total 84 patients were consisted of 55 patients in EVO group and 29 patients in BRTO group. No difference was observed in the clinical profiles of patients, including age, gender, Child-Pugh score, etiology of liver cirrhosis, and presence of hepatocellular carcinoma, between the EVO and BRTO groups. There was also no difference with respect to endoscopic features of gastric varices including F-component and location. As primary end points, the gastric varices were disappeared partially or completely in 50 patients in EVO group, and 27 patients in BRTO group. (90.9% vs 93.1%, p= 0.542). At the complete eradication rate, there was also no difference between two groups. (49.1% vs 65.5%, p=-0.150) However, 12 patients in EVO group bled from gastric varices after treatment during the median follow-up of 28 months, compared to only one case in BRTO group. (21.8% vs 3.4%, p=0.027) In addition, there were no differences in worsening in the endoscopic classification of esophageal varices or amounts of ascites. All-cause mortalities were similar in both. Conclusions: EVO and BRTO are equally effective for eradication of gastric varices with similar frequencies of complications and mortalities. However, BRTO proved more effective in preventing bleeding from gastric varices in the long run.