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Ionomycin Recovers Taurine Transporter Activity in Cyclosporin A Treated macrophages
Kim, Ha-Won,Lee, Eun-Jin,Kim, Won-Bae,Hyun, Jin -Won,Kim, Byung-Kak The Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition 1999 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.4 No.4
Taurine is a major $\beta$-amino acid in various tissues. Taurine transporter (TAUT) is responsible for the transportation of taurine in the cell. The transporter is affected by various stimuli to maintain its cell volume. Macrophage cell volume varies in its activated states. In our experiment, it was found that the murine macrophage cell line, RAW264.7, expressed TAUT protein in its membrane. Its transportation activities could be blocked by a $\beta$-amino acid such as $\beta$-alanine, but not by $\alpha$-amino acids in this cell line. When assessed in RAW264.7 under the influence of immunosuppressive reagents, the activity of the TAUT was decreased by the treatment of rapamycin (RM) or cyclosporin A (CsA). However when ionomycin (IM) was added to this system, TAUT activity was recovered only in CsA-treated cells in a concentration-dependent manner. In order to inhibit the voltage gated {TEX}$Ca^{+2}${/TEX} channel, calmidazolium was added to the RAW264.7 cell line. Treatment of the cell with calmidazolium completely blocked TAUT. Furthermore, addition of IM to this system recovered the activity of TAUT again. When we added phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) to the cell line, secretion of nitric oxide (NO) was increased 4-fold and the TAUT activity was decreased 5-fold. However, the addition of N-nitro L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), an inducible NO synthase (iNOS) inhibitor, to the PMA-treated cells, resulted in the recovery of TAUT activity. These results showed that the activity of TAUT was sensitive to the intracellular concentrations of both {TEX}$Ca^{+2}${/TEX} and NO.
Kim, Byong-Kak,Kim, Jin-Sook,Choi, Kyun-Gae,Kim, Ha-Won,Choi, Eung-Chil The Korean Society of Pharmacognosy 1993 생약학회지 Vol.24 No.2
The genus Ganoderma is typical wood-rotting fungi and its fruiting body has been used as an important herb in oriental medicine. Recent research discovered antitumor components from Ganoderma lncidum. Various Ganoderma species are being cultivated in Korea. However, taxonomic system of the genus Ganoderma has been based mainly on the macromorphology of fruiting bodies and the ultrastructural characteristics of basidiospores. Since there are similar characteristics in Ganoderma mycelia grown on the same artificial media, it is suggested that the compatibility of the fungi by di-mon mating be used as an aid to determine the identity of species in addition to the conventional characterization. In this study, we examined physiological and genetical properties such as growth temperature, pH, compatibility and enzyme or protein patterns of laccase, esterase and cellular proteins of G. lucidum RZ, G. tsugae and Ganoderma species cultivated in Korea by electrophoresis for characterization of the isolates. We found that compatibility test and isozyme patterns of laccase and esterase of the mycelia could be used for the differentiation of the isolates. These results showed that Ganoderma species cultivated in Korea is genetically similar to G. lucidum but physiologically closer to G. tsugae than to G. lucidum.
Proximal Tibia Fracture after Proximal Tibia Autograft Harvest
( Jin-kak Kim ),( Jong-hyeop Song ),( Kyungbum Lee ),( Jae-woo Cho ),( Ki-ho Moon ),( Do-hyun Yeo ),( Beom-soo Kim ),( Jong-keon Oh ) 대한외상학회 2017 大韓外傷學會誌 Vol.30 No.4
Bone-grafting procedures are common in orthopedic trauma surgeries. There are only few reports on the morbidity after proximal tibia harvesting. Here, we report an experience of complication after proximal tibia harvesting while treating subtrochanteric femoral osteomyelitis.
Studies on the constituents of higher fungi of Korea
Kim, Byong-Kak,Choi, Eung-Chil,Chung, Kyeong-Soo,Kang, Chang-Yul,Kim, Sook-Hee,Kim, Jin-Sook,Kim, You-Jin,Lee, Kyong-Lim,Lee, Jong-Kil The Pharmaceutical Society of Korea 1982 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.5 No.1
To develop new potent antitumor substancces with low toxicity from natural products, especially from higher fungi of Korea, the carpophores of some wild basidiomycetes were collected and the antitimor test for their polysaccharides was done. The dried carpophores were extracted with hot water, and from the extracts, crude polysaccharides were obtained by alcohol precipitation. The alcohol precipitated crude polysaccharides were partially purified by dialysis and then used as the samples for antitumor tests. Among tested, the polysaccharide of Laccaria laccata, Trametes sanguineus, Armlliariella mellea, Clitocybe in fundibuliformis, and Xeromphalina campanella respectively showed the inhibition ratio of 75%, 72%, 94% 55%, and 47% when administered i. p. once dailly for ten days at the dose level of 20mg/kg/day into the mice implanted with $10^{6}$ cells of sarcoma 180/mouse. However, those of Craterellus cornucopiodes, Daedaleopsis confrogosa, and Coriolus sp. showed almost no activities.
Kim, Byong-Kak,Cho, Hye-Youn,Kim, Jin-Sook,Kim, Ha-Won,Choi, Eung-Chil The Korean Society of Pharmacognosy 1993 생약학회지 Vol.24 No.3
To find antitumor components in the hot water extract of the cultured mycelia of Ganoderma lucidum, protein-bound polysaccharides were purified and fractionated (Fr. I-V) by DEAE-cellulose ion exchange column chromatography and Sepbarose CL-4B gel filtration. When a dose of 20 mg/kg/day of each was, i.p., injected into ICR mice, the inhibition ratios against the solid form of sarcoma 180 were $64.2{\sim}75.8%$. The antitumor component was examined for immunological activity. It increased the amount of superoxide anion released by induced macrophages in peritoneal cavity to 1.8 times and the count of hemolytic plaque-forming cells (PFC) was increased to 4.4 times as compared with those of the control group. It contained 68.6% polysaccharide which consisted of mannose, glucose, galactose, fucose and xylose and 5.1% protein consisting of 17 amino acids. The contents of hexosamine were 0.78%. The molecular weight of Fr. V that showed the highest antitumor activity was $5.8{\times}10^4$ dalton by Sepharose CL-4B gel filtration. It was named lucidan.
김진각 ( Jin-kak Kim ),김수현 ( Soo-hyun Kim ),조재우 ( Jae-woo Cho ),오종건 ( Jong-keon Oh ) 대한골절학회 2017 대한골절학회지 Vol.30 No.2
골결손을 동반한 비감염성 불유합의 치료에서 골이식은 많은 경우 모퉁이돌(cornerstone)과 같은 중요한 역할을 하는데 이식골이 들어가야 할 부위를 정확히 파악하고 준비(preparation)하여 이식골을 제위치에 삽입하는 것이 중요하다. 이식골은 흡수되어 초기 이식한 양보다 줄어드는 것을 감안하여 인접 피질골의 테두리보다 더 돌출되게 충분한 양을 넣어야하고 주골편과 결손부위가 이행하는 곳에서는 onlay방식을 이용하여 소위 junctional problem이 생기는것을 막는 것이 필요하다. 분쇄가 심한 대퇴골 간부, 관절 주위 골절을 도수 정복하고 골수강내 금속정 혹은 MIPO로 치료한 후 발생한 불유합의 치료에서 골이식을 해야 할 부위가 내측을 포함하여 여러 곳에 산재해 있을 경우에는 확공 후 골수내정으로 고정하는 방법을 시도하는 것도 유용한 방법이 될 수 있을 것으로 보인다. 저자들이 본 종설에서 소개한 증례들은 환자의 전신적인 상태가 모두 양호하였으며, 오로지 골결손만을 동반한 비감염 불유합 환자들을 예로 들었다. 하지만 실제치료에 임할 때는 불유합 부위의 국소적인 문제뿐만 아니라 환자의 전신상태도 면밀히 검토하여 불유합의 원인을 밝혀내고 치료에 접근한다면 성공적인 치료 결과를 얻을 것이라 생각한다. The management of nonunion with severe bone loss is a challenging task to both surgeons and patients. It often requires prolonged and potentially painful treatments. Moreover, it also represents serious socioeconomic issues for patients. Inadequate fracture stability, disrupted biology, such as blood supply and soft tissue, as well as severe bone loss or presence of infection are possible reasons for nonunion. Several different treatment modalities are available, including nail dynamization, plate osteosynthesis, exchange nailing, and adjuvant alternatives, such as electrical or ultrasound stimulation. Autogenous bone graft remains the standard method to reconstruct small defects. Distraction osteogenesis and induced membrane techniques are contemporary strategies of choice for the reconstruction of larger bony defects. Herein, we attempt to describe the key techniques that may be employed in treating nonunion with severe bone loss.
( Seung Kak Shin ),( Oh Sang Kwon ),( Chang Hwi Yoon ),( Young-joo Jin ),( Jin-woo Lee ),( Sangheun Lee ),( Ki Jun Han ),( Young Nam Kim ),( Tae Hun Kim ),( Yun Soo Kim ),( Duck Joo Choi ),( Ju Hyun K 대한간학회 2017 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2017 No.1
Aims: Combination of daclatasvir (DCV) and asunaprevir (ASV) has been approved in Korea for the treatment of genotype 1b (GT1b) hepatitis C virus (HCV) infected patients. The efficacy in virologic response, improvement of liver function and non-invasive fibrosis marker in liver cirrhosis (LC) were investigated. Methods: All HCV GT1b patients who were treated with DCV and ASV for at least 4 weeks from August 2015 to January 2017, were retrospectively enrolled. Virologic response was measured at 4 weeks (rapid virologic response, RVR), at 24 weeks (end of treatment response, ETR), and at 12 weeks after the end of treatment (sustained virologic response, SVR12). Liver function, aspartate transaminase to platelet ratio index (APRI), FIB-4 index, and fibrosis index (FI) were compared between before and after treatment (SVR12). Results: Patients with GT1b patients (n=474) were examined for resistance associated variants (RAVs). Sixty-seven patients had RAV. A total of 290 RAV-negative patients were treated with DCV and ASV for at least 4 weeks. Baseline characteristics were obtained: age (54±11 years), gender (male: 50.3%), LC (29.0%), treatment-naïve (74.8%), ALT (58.5±49.2 IU/L), HCV RNA (1,915,001±4,969,456 IU/mL). RVR (255/277, 92.1%), ETR (190/195, 97.4%), and SVR (146/152, 96.1%) rates were obtained. SVR rates were not significantly different between non-LC (102/104, 98.1%) and LC patients (44/48, 91.7%) (p=0.080). SVR rates were not significantly different between treatment- naïve (103/106, 97.2%) and treatment-experienced patients (43/46, 93.5%) (p=0.368). In LC patients (n=48), there were significant changes of albumin (3.8±0.8 to 4.0±0.5 g/dL, p=0.036), platelet count (109.6±52.6 to 120.3±58.5 x103/mm3, p=0.004), APRI (2.6±3.1 to 0.8±0.6, p=0.001), FIB-4 (7.6±6.5 to 2.9±1.6, p<0.001), and FI (3.1±1.1 to 2.9±1.2, p=0.058) after treatment. Conclusions: DCV and ASV treatment for HCV GT1b infected Korean subjects without RAV achieved high SVR rates. In addition, improvement of liver function and non-invasive fibrosis marker were noted in patients with LC.