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Ahn, Sangjeong,Lee, So-Jeong,Kim, Yonugkeum,Kim, Ahrong,Shin, Nari,Choi, Kyung Un,Lee, Chang-Hun,Huh, Gi Yeong,Kim, Kyong-Mee,Setia, Namrata,Lauwers, Gregory Y.,Park, Do Youn Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved. 2017 The American journal of surgical pathology Vol.41 No.1
<P>Gastric cancers have recently been classified into several types on the basis of molecular characterization, and the new taxonomy has shown to have clinical relevance. However, the technology required for thorough molecular classification is complicated and expensive, currently preventing widespread use. We aimed to reproduce the results of molecular classification using only simple techniques, that is, immunohistochemical analysis and in situ hybridization. We classified a cohort of 349 successive gastric adenocarcinomas into 5 subtypes, on the basis of protein or mRNA expression of MLH1, E-cadherin, p53, and Epstein-Barr virus. We observed that the subtypes presented distinct clinicopathologic characteristics and corresponded to the molecular classifications previously reported. Epstein-Barr virus-positive tumors were more common in male individuals and in the body of the stomach. Microsatellite-unstable (MSI) tumors, which showed aberrant MLH1 expression, were correlated with increased age and intestinal histology. Both types showed better overall survival than the other types. Gastric cancers with reduced expression of E-cadherin, corresponding to the epithelial to mesenchymal transition or genome stable subtypes, showed the poorest overall survival, with a high prevalence of poorly cohesive carcinoma (ie, diffuse type, of the Lauren classification system). In conclusion, we were able to reproduce a previously reported molecular classification of gastric cancers using immunohistochemical analysis and in situ hybridization. We verified the effectiveness and applicability of this method, which shows promise for use in a clinical setting in the foreseeable future.</P>
Recognition of Pharmacophore of ar-Turmerone for its Anticancer Activity
Baik, Kyong-Up,Jung, Sang-Hun,Ahn, Byung-Zun 충남대학교 약학대학 의약품개발연구소 1993 藥學論文集 Vol.9 No.-
For the evaluation of the role of α,β-unsaturated ketone portion of ar-turmerone for its activity, the structural variation of this structural unit was performed to omit its alkylating property. Thus compounds 2, 3, and 4 were prepared and their cytotoxicities were determined against three different leukemia cell lines (HL-60, K-562, and L_1210) in vitro. The biological inactivity against three different cell lines of these analogues implies that the α,β-unsaturated ketone of ar-turmerone is the essential pharmacophore for its activity.
Structure Activity Relationship of ar-Turmerone Analogues
Baik, Kyong-Up,Jung, Sang-Hun,Ahn, Byung-Zun The Pharmaceutical Society of Korea 1993 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.16 No.3
For the analysis of structure relationship of ar-turmerone analogues, the compounds containing the various substituents on the phenyl ring and 1(or 2)-naphthyl group in the place of phenyl of ar-turmerone were prepared and tested their cytotoxicity against HL-60, K-562, and L1210 leukemia cells in vitro. The substituents at para position are methoxy, phenoxy, methyl, trifluoromethyl, fluoro, and chloro. At meta position methoxy, methyl, trifluoromethyl, or chloro groups at ortho position mathoxy or chloro group were introduced. Against HL-60 and K-562 cells, $ED_{50}$ values of the analogues are ranged from 0.8 to $30.0\;\mu{g/ml}$. Againste L1210 cell, these are located more than $20.0\;\mu{g/ml}$. However, 5-carbone-thoxy-2-methyl-6(1-naphthyl)-2-octen-4-one (5n)possesses $ED_{50}$ valuses 0.8, 2.1, $6.5\;\mu{g/ml}$ against HL-60, L1210 cells, respectively. The electronic nature of the substituents on phenyl ring of ar-tumerone dose not affect the biological activity. Therefore the flat structure of aromatic potion of ar-tumerone analogues is the more important factor for their activity rather than its electronic nature. The potentiation of the cytotoxicity with the enlargement of aromatic ring region also supports the importance of the plane structure of this area. The restriction of the single bond rotation between C-6 and aromatic ring through the introduction of substituents at the ortho position of phenyl ring and the increment of size of alkyl group at C-6 position enhances the activity. Therefore the effective conformation should by the one having the orthogonal arrangement between the aromatic ring and the side chain.
Structure Activity Relationship of ar-Turmerone Analogues
Baik, Kyong-Up,Jung, Sang-Hun,Ahn, Byung-Zun 충남대학교 약학대학 의약품개발연구소 1993 藥學論文集 Vol.9 No.-
For the analysis of structure activity relationship of ar-turmerone analogues, the compounds containing the various substituents on the phenyl ring and 1(or 2)-naphthyl group in the place of phenyl of ar-turmerone were prepared and tested their cytotoxicity against HL-60, K-562, and L1210 leukemia cells in vitro. The substituents at para position are methoxy, phenoxy, methyl, trifluoromethyl, fluoro, and chloro. At meta position methoxy, methyl, trifluoromethyl, or chloro groups and at ortho position methoxy or chloro group were introduced. Against HL-60 and K-562 cells, ED_50 values of the analogues are ranged from 0.8 to 30.0 ㎍/㎖. Against L1210 cell, these are located more than 20.0 ㎍/㎖. However, 5-carboethoxy-2-methyl-6-(1-naphthyl)-2-octen-4-one (5n) possesses ED50 valuses 0.8, 2.1, 6.5 ㎍/㎖ against HL-60, K-562, L1210 cells, respectively. The electronic nature of the subsituents on phenyl ring of ar-turmerone dose not affect the biological activity. Therefore the flat structure of aromatic portion of ar-turmerone analogues is the more important factor for their activity rather than its electronic nature. The potentiation of the cytotoxicity with the enlargement of aromatic ring region also supports the importance of the plane structure of this area. The restriction of the single bond rotation between C-6 and aromatic ring through the introduction of substituents at the ortho position of phenyl ring and the increment of size of alkyl group at C-6 position enhances the activity. Therefore the effective conformation should be the one having the orthogonal arrangement between the aromatic ring and the side chain.
Identification and Evaluation of Neutral Sphingomyelinase 2 Inhibitors
Dong Hun Lee,김대경,Sung Hyun Kim,Kyong Hoon Ahn,Seok Kyun Kim,최종민,Jung Eun Ji,Jong Hoon Won,Yang Hui Park,임채민,김상희 대한약학회 2011 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.34 No.2
Sphingomyelinase catalyzes the hydrolysis of sphingomyelin to generate ceramide, an important molecule involved in the regulation of various cellular responses. In this study, we partially purified the neutral sphingomyelinase2 (nSMase2) and identified the inhibitors, D-lyxophytosphingosine and D-arabino-phytosphingosine, which have an inhibitory effect on nSMase2in a concentration-dependent manner. A Dixon plot of each phytosphingosines revealed their probable inhibitory pattern, i.e., apparent competitive inhibition. These compounds did not inhibit the Mg^2+-independent neutral SMase activity, although the known nSMase2 inhibitor, GW4869,showed inhibitory effects on Mg^2+-independent neutral SMase activity. Further, the two phytosphingosines specifically inhibited the ceramide generation regulated by nSMase2.
Low-Noise Single-Photon Detector for the 1.5-μm Wavelength Region
Seoung Hun LEE,Kyong Hon KIM,Chul-Woo PARK,Joon Tae AHN,Jun-Bum PARK,Kyu Hyun JEONG,Min Hee LEE,Sang Hyun CHOI,Sung MOON 한국물리학회 2007 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.50 No.1I
This paper describes an experimental demonstration and characterization of a InGaAs avalanchephotodiode (APD)-based low-noise single-photon detector developed for quantum cryptography at a wavelength of 1.5 μm. At the operation temperature of .50 C with a gated Geiger mode, we obtained a quantum efficiency of 21 % with a dark count probability per gate of 2.6 × 10.5 for a gate frequency of 10 kHz. The measured noise equivalent power (NEP) was 8.6 × 10.17 W/Hz1/2, which was the lowest value achieved so far at a thermoelectrically cooled temperature, which is an important factor for low quantum-bit error rates (QBER) in a quantum key distribution (QKD). The afterpulsing probability measured by varying the gate duration and separation indicated that the gate separation should be greater than 40 μs for 2.4-ns gate pulses to avoid the afterpulse effect. The developed single-photon detector turns out to be suitable for a 73-km fiber-optic quantum-key distribution in realistic conditions.덴f