Uterocutaneous fistula after High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound : a case report

( Eunhyun Lee ),( Ji Hyun Keum ),( Jeong Min Eom ),( Jaeman Bae ),( Won Moo Lee ),( Joong Sub Choi ),( Eunsaem Choi ) 대한산부인과학회 2018 대한산부인과학회 학술대회 Vol.104 No.-

We report a case of uterocutaneous fistula in a 46-year-old woman who underwent High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound(HIFU). She is a Korean who lives in Kazakhstan. She had heavy menstrual bleeding and suspected of adenomyosis and myoma. She had been recommended for hysterectomy, but she never wanted to undergo hysterectomy, just treated with hormone therapy and received blood transfusions every few months. The patient finally received HIFU in Korea and returned to Kazakhstan shortly after. She felt fever and pain in the abdominal wall at the time of the procedure, and subsequently relived the pain but sustained discharge in that area and took antibiotics. Because of persistent heavy menstrual bleeding and pelvic pain, she recommended to receive hysterectomy in Kazakhstan. But she refused and underwent wound debridement and primary closure of abdominal wall injury at the hospital that performed HIFU in South Korea, and strongly rejected further surgery. Five months after the procedure, blood was drawn from the wounds of the abdomen at the time of menstruation and referred to our hospital. At the midline of abdominal ASIS level, a discharge was observed through the abdominal wall skin opening and there was extensive redness in the lower abdomen around that. The abdomen MRI showed a heterogenous myoma on the right side of the uterus and adenomyosis with a non-enhancing cavitary portion on the left side and fundus of the uterus, which appeared to be necrosis inside. The cavitary portion of the adenomyosis was suspected to be connected to the uterine cavity and formed fistulous tract through anterior abdominal wall. Peritoneal and fat infiltration around the tract was seen. So, she underwent total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingectomy in gynecology and abdominoplasty in plastic surgery. This is the first report of uterocutaneous fistula after HIFU procedure and it is important to keep in mind that this type of complication may occur when performing HIFU.

Property-Based Optimization of Hydroxamate-Based γ-Lactam HDAC Inhibitors to Improve Their Metabolic Stability and Pharmacokinetic Profiles

Choi, Eunhyun,Lee, Chulho,Cho, Misun,Seo, Jeong Jea,Yang, Jee Sun,Oh, Soo Jin,Lee, Kiho,Park, Song-Kyu,Kim, Hwan Mook,Kwon, Ho Jeong,Han, Gyoonhee American Chemical Society 2012 Journal of medicinal chemistry Vol.55 No.23

<P>Hydroxamate-based HDAC inhibitors have promising anticancer activities but metabolic instability and poor pharmacokinetics leading to poor in vivo results. QSAR and PK studies of HDAC inhibitors showed that a γ-lactam core and a modified cap group, including halo, alkyl, and alkoxy groups with various carbon chain linkers, improved HDAC inhibition and metabolic stability. The biological properties of the γ-lactam HDAC inhibitors were evaluated; the compound designated <B>8f</B> had potent anticancer activity and high oral bioavailability.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/jmcmar/2012/jmcmar.2012.55.issue-23/jm3009376/production/images/medium/jm-2012-009376_0004.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/jm3009376'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>

Antithrombotic and Antiplatelet Effects of Cordyceps militaris

( Eunhyun Choi ),( Junsang Oh ),( Gi-ho Sung ) 한국균학회 2020 Mycobiology Vol.48 No.3

Cordyceps is a genus of ascomycete fungi and is well known as one of the important medical fungi in Chinese, Korea, and other Asian countries, because of its various beneficial effects on human health. The pharmacological activities of Cordyceps extract are mainly focused on anti-cancer, anti-metastatic, and immune modulating effects. In the present study, we investigated whether the antiplatelet effect of ethanol extract of cultured Cordyceps militaris (CMEE) with FeCl₃-induced arterial thrombosis model. We observed that CMEE exhibited a significant inhibitory effect against ADP and collagen-induced platelet aggregation. However, there were no significant differences in prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT). These results suggest that antithrombotic activity of CMEE is related to antiplatelet effect rather than anticoagulation effect, and CMEE may be a positive effect on improving blood circulation against vessel injury and occlusion.

Beneficial Effect of Cordyceps militaris on Exercise Performance via Promoting Cellular Energy Production

( Eunhyun Choi ),( Junsang Oh ),( Gi-ho Sung ) 한국균학회 2020 Mycobiology Vol.48 No.6

Cordyceps militaris has been reported to the diverse pharmaceutical effects including cancer, inflammatory diseases, and bacteria or virus infection. However, the effect of C. militaris on exercise performance has not yet been elucidated. In this study, we investigated the beneficial effect of C. militaris on exercise performance. To evaluate exercise performance, we prepared C. militaris ethyl acetate extract (CMEE) and conducted grip strength tests every week after administration. Additionally, blood samples were collected at the end of the experiment for biochemical analysis. The administration of CMEE slightly increased grip strength, and this result was similar to the red ginseng treated group. According to the result of biochemical analysis, CMEE had an effect on the biomarkers related to ATP generation pathway but had little influence on the muscle fatigue related biomarkers. Therefore, C. militaris has the possibility of improving exercise performance, which could be associated with the increase in ATP production rather than the decrease in muscle fatigue during exercise.

Adenosine Induces EBV Lytic Reactivation through ADORA1 in EBV-Associated Gastric Carcinoma

Choi, Su Jin,Ryu, Eunhyun,Lee, Seulki,Huh, Sora,Shin, Yu Su,Kang, Byung Woog,Kim, Jong Gwang,Cho, Hyosun,Kang, Hyojeung MDPI 2019 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES Vol.20 No.6

<P><I>Cordyceps</I> species are known to contain numerous bioactive compounds, including cordycepin. Extracts of <I>Cordyceps militaris</I> (CME) are used in diverse medicinal purposes because of their bioactive components. Cordycepin, one of the active components of CME, exhibits anti-proliferative, pro-apoptotic, and anti-inflammatory effects. Cordycepin structurally differs from adenosine in that its ribose lacks an oxygen atom at the 3′ position. We previously reported that cordycepin suppresses Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) gene expression and lytic replication in EBV-associated gastric carcinoma (EBVaGC). However, other studies reported that cordycepin induces EBV gene expression and lytic reactivation. Thus, it was reasonable to clarify the bioactive effects of CME bioactive compounds on the EBV life cycle. We first confirmed that CME preferentially induces EBV gene expression and lytic reactivation; second, we determined that adenosine in CME induces EBV gene expression and lytic reactivation; third, we discovered that the adenosine A1 receptor (ADORA1) is required for adenosine to initiate signaling for upregulating <I>BZLF1,</I> which encodes for a key EBV regulator (Zta) of the EBV lytic cycle; finally, we showed that <I>BZLF1</I> upregulation by adenosine leads to delayed tumor development in the EBVaGC xenograft mouse model. Taken together, these results suggest that adenosine is an EBV lytic cycle inducer that inhibits EBVaGC development. </P>

Cell Adhesion and Long-Term Survival of Transplanted Mesenchymal Stem Cells: A Prerequisite for Cell Therapy

Lee, Seahyoung,Choi, Eunhyun,Cha, Min-Ji,Hwang, Ki-Chul Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2015 Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity Vol.2015 No.-

<P>The literature provides abundant evidence that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are an attractive resource for therapeutics and have beneficial effects in regenerating injured tissues due to their self-renewal ability and broad differentiation potential. Although the therapeutic potential of MSCs has been proven in both preclinical and clinical studies, several questions have not yet been addressed. A major limitation to the use of MSCs in clinical applications is their poor viability at the site of injury due to the harsh microenvironment and to anoikis driven by the loss of cell adhesion. To improve the survival of the transplanted MSCs, strategies to regulate apoptotic signaling and enhance cell adhesion have been developed, such as pretreatment with cytokines, growth factors, and antiapoptotic molecules, genetic modifications, and hypoxic preconditioning. More appropriate animal models and a greater understanding of the therapeutic mechanisms of MSCs will be required for their successful clinical application. Nevertheless, the development of stem cell therapies using MSCs has the potential to treat degenerative diseases. This review discusses various approaches to improving MSC survival by inhibiting anoikis.</P>

Effects of smoking on the narcotic use after laparoscopic hysterectomy

( Min Seong Choi ),( Yongjin Lee ),( Suji Kim ),( Eunhyun Lee ),( Yong Il Ji ) 대한산부인과학회 2021 대한산부인과학회 학술대회 Vol.107 No.-

Looking for Pyroptosis-Modulating miRNAs as a Therapeutic Target for Improving Myocardium Survival

Lee, Seahyoung,Choi, Eunhyun,Cha, Min-Ji,Hwang, Ki-Chul Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2015 MEDIATORS OF INFLAMMATION Vol.2015 No.-

<P>Pyroptosis is the most recently identified type of regulated cell death with inflammatory response and has characteristics distinct from those of apoptosis or necrosis. Recently, independent studies have reported that small noncoding RNAs termed microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in the regulation of pyroptosis. Nevertheless, only a handful of empirical data regarding miRNA-dependent regulation of pyroptosis is currently available. This review is aimed to provide a current update on the role of miRNAs in pyroptosis and to offer suggestions for future studies probing miRNAs as a linker connecting pyroptosis to various cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and their potential as a therapeutic target for preventing excessive cell death of myocardium during CVDs.</P>

¹H-NMR-Based Metabolic Profiling of Cordyceps militaris to Correlate the Development Process and Anti-Cancer Effect

( Junsang Oh ),( Eunhyun Choi ),( Deok-hyo Yoon ),( Tae-yong Park ),( Bhushan Shrestha ),( Hyung-kyoon Choi ),( Gi-ho Sung ) 한국미생물생명공학회(구 한국산업미생물학회) 2019 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.29 No.8

The study of metabolomics in natural products using the diverse analytical instruments including GC-MS, LC-MS, and NMR is useful for the exploration of physiological and biological effects and the investigation of drug discovery and health functional foods. Cordyceps militaris has been very attractive to natural medicine as a traditional Chinese medicine, due to its various bioactive properties including anti-cancer and anti-oxidant effects. In this study, we analyzed the metabolite profile in 50% ethanol extracts of C. militaris fruit bodies from three development periods (growth period, matured period, and aging period) using ¹H-NMR, and identified 44 metabolites, which are classified as 16 amino acids, 10 organic acids, 5 carbohydrates, 3 nucleotide derivatives, and 10 other compounds. Among the three development periods of the C. militaris fruit body, the aging period showed significantly higher levels of metabolites including cordycepin, mannitol (cordycepic acid), and β-glucan. Interestingly, these bioactive metabolites are positively correlated with antitumor growth effect; the extract of the aging period showed significant inhibition of HepG2 hepatic cancer cell proliferation. These results showed that the aging period during the development of C. militaris fruit bodies was more highly enriched with bioactive metabolites that are associated with cancer cell growth inhibition.

Looking into a Conceptual Framework of ROS–miRNA–Atrial Fibrillation

Lee, Seahyoung,Choi, Eunhyun,Cha, Min-Ji,Hwang, Ki-Chul MDPI 2014 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES Vol.15 No.12

<P>Atrial fibrillation (AF) has been recognized as a major cause of cardiovascular-related morbidity and mortality. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) represent recent additions to the collection of biomolecules involved in arrhythmogenesis. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been independently linked to both AF and miRNA regulation. However, no attempts have been made to investigate the possibility of a framework composed of ROS–miRNA–AF that is related to arrhythmia development. Therefore, this review was designed as an attempt to offer a new approach to understanding AF pathogenesis. The aim of this review was to find and to summarize possible connections that exist among AF, miRNAs and ROS to understand the interactions among the molecular entities underlying arrhythmia development in the hopes of finding unappreciated mechanisms of AF. These findings may lead us to innovative therapies for AF, which can be a life-threatening heart condition. A systemic literature review indicated that miRNAs associated with AF might be regulated by ROS, suggesting the possibility that miRNAs translate cellular stressors, such as ROS, into AF pathogenesis. Further studies with a more appropriate experimental design to either prove or disprove the existence of an ROS–miRNA–AF framework are strongly encouraged.</P>