Analysis on the Operation of Negative Differential Resistance FinFET With Pb(Zr_0.52Ti_0.48)O₃ Threshold Selector

Shin, Jaemin,Ko, Eunah,Shin, Changhwan Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers 2018 IEEE transactions on electron devices Vol.65 No.1

<P>A negative differential resistance fin-shaped field-effect transistor (NDR-FinFET) using a Pb(Zr<SUB>0.52</SUB>Ti<SUB>0.48</SUB>)O<SUB>3</SUB> threshold selector (TS) is investigated. From the measured input transfer characteristic of NDR-FinFET, the following results are demonstrated: 1) superior reduction of off current by a factor of 350 (as compared to a baseline FinFET); 2) on current of NDR-FinFET comparable to that of the baseline FinFET; and 3) subthreshold slope of 3 mV/decade at 300 K. The operating principle of NDR-FinFET is demonstrated using MATLAB simulation. In the on-to-off and off-to-on switching processes, the existence of an unstable resistive switching region is verified through the comparison between simulation data and experimental results. The major device parameters that affect the formation of the unstable resistive switching region are revealed. Finally, it is proposed that: 1) lowering the hold voltage of the TS and 2) applying the drain voltage comparable to the threshold voltage can have the NDR-FinFET to work appropriately (i.e., not in unstable region).</P>

Super steep-switching (SS ≈ 2 mV/decade) phase-FinFET with Pb(Zr_0.52Ti_0.48)O₃ threshold switching device

Shin, Jaemin,Ko, Eunah,Park, June,Kim, Seung-Geun,Lee, Jae Woo,Yu, Hyun-Yong,Shin, Changhwan American Institute of Physics 2018 Applied Physics Letters Vol.113 No.10

Global analysis of gene expression in starved mouse liver using oligonucleotide microarray

Eunah Kang,Han-Woong Lee,Young Han Lee,Soon Young Shin 한국실험동물학회 2016 한국실험동물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2016 No.08

An Assessment of Korean Students’ Environmental Literacy

Shin Donghee,Chu Hyeeun,Lee Eunah,Ko Heeryung,Lee Moonam,Kang Kyunghee,Min Byungmee,Park Junehee The Korean Earth Science Society 2005 한국지구과학회지 Vol.26 No.4

This study was initiated to understand what students know, how they feel, and how they act in the perspectives of environmental literacy. This study takes it a very serious problem that there has been no data about Korean students’status of environmental literacy so far. Based on the correct diagnosis of Korean students’ environmental literacy, environmental education in Korea, including national curriculum, teaching materials and strategy, would take the right way. This study accepts Simmon (1995)’s framework of environmental literacy, consisting of 5 areas, environmental knowledge, skills, affect, and behavior, which is consistent with general goals of environmental education. This study analyzed the relationship between areas in environmental literacy and factors contributing to improving students’ environmental literacy. This study also checked which factors, including age, gender, parents’ schooling, environmental education in schools, and students’ science-related attributes, contributed to improving students’ environmental literacy. The results of this study will help science educators keep in mind how important it is to teach science from the perspectives of environmental literacy.

지구 환경을 고려한 미래 지향적 지구 과학 교육 과정 제안

신동희,이양락,이기영,이은아,이규석 한국과학교육학회 2005 한국과학교육학회지 Vol.25 No.2

이 연구는 지구 과학 내용을 '지구 환경'이라는 주제를 가지고 통합시키는 지구 과학 교육 과정의 새로운 안(案)을 제시함으로써 미래 지향적 지구 과학 교과목의 정체성을 확고히 하고자 목적을 가진다. 이러한 목표를 달성하기 위해 첫째, 세계 주요국들의 초ㆍ중등 교육에서 이루어지고 있는 지구 과학 관련 내용과 존재 방식을 교육 과정을 중심으로 비교, 분석했다. 둘째, 제7차 중학교 과학 교과서 중 지구 과학 관련 내용의 제시 상황과 내용을 분석하여 지구 환경을 중심으로 한 새로운 지구 과학 교육의 내용 개발에 반영했다. 셋째, 교육 과정 국제 비교 분석 결과와 교과서 분석 결과를 바탕으로 지구 환경 문제 해결을 위한 중추적 역할을 담당할 수 있는 미래 지향적 지구 과학 교육의 방향을 설정하고 구체적인 교육 과정의 내용을 개발했다. 외국의 지구 과학 관련 교육 과정 분석 결과, 전통적인 과학적 내용 외에 환경 지구 과학적 내용이 강조되고 있었고, 그 나라의 지역적 특성이 반영되었으며, 실생활과 관련된 주제를 강조하고 있었다. 제7차 중학교 과학 교과서에 포함된 지구 과학 내용의 제시 상황에 따른 분석 결과, 환경 지구 과학 상황보다는 전통적 지구 과학 상황을 주로 활용해 내용을 제시한 것으로 나타났다. 이상 선진국들의 지구 과학 교육 현황을 상세하게 분석한 결과 및 국내 과학 교과서 지구 과학 영역의 현 상황을 분석한 결과를 토대로, 지구 환경을 고려한 국민 공통 지구 과학 교육 과정을 개발했다 새로 개발된 지구 과학 교육 과정은 7학년부터 10학년에 걸쳐 적용되며, 지구 환경, 우주에서의 지구, 지각의 물질과 지표의 변화, 지각 변동과 지구의 역사, 해양, 물의 순환과 날씨, 태양계의 운동 등 7개 대영역으로 구성되었다. The purpose of this study is to propose an environment-concerned earth science curriculum to provide a new role to earth science education. To accomplish this purpose, first, earth science education in the world-leading countries in science education was analyzed in consideration with status and contents of each country's national science curriculum. Second, our middle school science textbooks were analyzed to understand what is learning and how the contents are presented. On the basis of the results of curriculum and textbook analyses. a brand-new earth science curriculum with the emphasis on our earth environment were proposed. The newly proposed earth science curriculum contains 7 units, ranging from 7 to 10 grades. They are Earth Environment, Earth in the Universe, Earth Materials and Their Change, Plate Movement and Earth History, Ocean, Water Cycle and Weather, and Movements in Solar System. The proposed curriculum has several characteristics. First, contexts with emphasis on earth environment were situated in every unit. Each context was developed to best explain what the students should know in learning the units and what the teacher should have in mind in teaching the units. Second, earth science contents were considered in the perspectives both of global and local environmental issues. This proposed earth science curriculum is expected to play an important role in fostering all students' scientific literacy as well as their earth literacy.

Sustainability education in textile and apparel programs in higher education - A web-based content analysis -

( Eunah Yoh ),( Hye-shin Kim ) 복식문화학회 2018 服飾文化硏究 Vol.26 No.2

This study explores sustainability education in textile and apparel (T&A) programs in U.S. higher education institutions. Specifically, the researchers study whether more courses with sustainability focus are offered in higher-ranked institutions and explore whether sustainability is taught more in specific T&A related subject fields. Content analysis was conducted for 3,200 courses found in online course catalogs or the course information sites of 69 institutions. Institutions were selected from the 2015 rankings of the top 50 fashion design and top 50 fashion merchandising schools in the US on www.fashion-schools.org. All cases were coded by two coders with a Cohen’s Kappa score of 97.5%, indicating good interrater reliability. Coded data were analyzed through descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and t-tests. The findings show that sustainability is being integrated into the curricula and across courses of T&A programs in the U.S. Over half of the institution surveyed offered at least one sustainability embedded course. Higher ranked institutions provided more sustainability- related courses than power-ranked institutions. A natural match between the subject field and specific sustainability theme was observed (e.g., cultural diversity in history/culture and social psychology/education; recycle/reuse in textile science; sustainability in fashion design; social responsibility and ethics in industry/consumer). The need to introduce sustainability in courses holistically is discussed, whereby sustainability within the industry supply chain is examined in a connected way.

Intakes of Iron and Folate and Hematologic Indices According to the Type of Supplements in Pregnant Women

( Eunah Park ),( Hee Chul Lee ),( Jung Youl Han ),( June Seek Choi ),( Taisun Hyun ),( Young Shin Han ) 한국임상영양학회 2012 Clinical Nutrition Research Vol.1 No.1

Adequate amounts of nutrients during pregnancy are essential for maternal, fetal and child health. This study was conducted to investigate the intakes of iron and folate and the effect of supplements on anemia status during pregnancy. One hundred sixty five pregnant women completed questionnaires which included food frequencies and supplement use, and blood tests for hematologic indices. Pregnant women were divided into four groups based on the type of supplements; single nutrient group (S), multivitamins & minerals group (M), Single nutrient + multivitamins & minerals group (S+M), and no supplement group (N). Mean iron intake was 11.1 mg from food (46.3% of Recommended Nutrient Intakes, RNIs) and 66.8 mg from supplements. Mean folate intake was 231.2 μg from food (38.5% of RNI) and 822.7 μg from supplements. In the N group, the subjects who consumed iron and folate less than EAR were 85.7% and 95.2%, respectively. The subjects consumed iron more than UL were 81.0% in the S group, 88.9% in the M group, and 97.4% in the S+M group, and the subjects consumed folate more than UL were 4.8% in the S group, 1.6% in the M group, and 25.6% in the S+M group. The mean values of hemoglobin and hemotocrit in the M group were significantly higher than those in the N group. Despite the relatively high socio-economic status of the participants, overall intakes of iron and folate from food were far below the RNIs, suggesting that a supplement is needed for adequate nutritional status during pregnancy. A multivitamin supplement seems to be more effective than a single nutrient supplement such as iron or folic acid in the prevention of anemia. Further research is required to define the appropriate amount of supplemental iron and folic acid for Korean pregnant women.

α-Pinene inhibits tumor invasion through downregulation of nuclear factor (NF)-κB-regulated matrix metalloproteinase-9 gene expression in MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells

Kang, Eunah,Lee, Da Hyun,Jung, You Jung,Shin, Soon Young,Koh, Dongsoo,Lee, Young Han The Korean Society for Applied Biological Chemistr 2016 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.59 No.4

2,6,6-Trimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-2-ene (${\alpha}$-Pinene) is an organic compound of the terpene class found in the essential oil of many plants. In this study, the inhibitory effect of ${\alpha}$-pinene on tumor invasion in highly metastatic MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells was evaluated. ${\alpha}$-Pinene inhibited tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-${\alpha}$-induced invasiveness of MDA-MB-231 cells as revealed by three-dimensional spheroid invasion assay. Further analysis showed that ${\alpha}$-pinene reduced $TNF{\alpha}$-induced matrix metalloproteinase-9 gene promoter activation and mRNA expression in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, ${\alpha}$-pinene treatment attenuated $TNF{\alpha}$-induced nuclear factor ${\kappa}B$ (NF-${\kappa}B$) activation and NF-${\kappa}B$-dependent transcriptional activity. These results suggest that ${\alpha}$-pinene has a significant effect on the inhibition of tumor invasion and may potentially be developed into an anti-metastatic drug.

Pericyte-targeting drug delivery and tissue engineering

Kang, Eunah,Shin, Jong Wook Dove Medical Press 2016 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NANOMEDICINE Vol.11 No.-

<P>Pericytes are contractile mural cells that wrap around the endothelial cells of capillaries and venules. Depending on the triggers by cellular signals, pericytes have specific functionality in tumor microenvironments, properties of potent stem cells, and plasticity in cellular pathology. These features of pericytes can be activated for the promotion or reduction of angiogenesis. Frontier studies have exploited pericyte-targeting drug delivery, using pericyte-specific peptides, small molecules, and DNA in tumor therapy. Moreover, the communication between pericytes and endothelial cells has been applied to the induction of vessel neoformation in tissue engineering. Pericytes may prove to be a novel target for tumor therapy and tissue engineering. The present paper specifically reviews pericyte-specific drug delivery and tissue engineering, allowing insight into the emerging research targeting pericytes.</P>

Sustainability education in textile and apparel programs in higher education - A web-based content analysis -

Yoh, Eunah,Kim, Hye-Shin The Costume Culture Association 2018 服飾文化硏究 Vol.26 No.2

This study explores sustainability education in textile and apparel (T&A) programs in U.S. higher education institutions. Specifically, the researchers study whether more courses with sustainability focus are offered in higher-ranked institutions and explore whether sustainability is taught more in specific T&A related subject fields. Content analysis was conducted for 3,200 courses found in online course catalogs or the course information sites of 69 institutions. Institutions were selected from the 2015 rankings of the top 50 fashion design and top 50 fashion merchandising schools in the US on www.fashion-schools.org. All cases were coded by two coders with a Cohen's Kappa score of 97.5%, indicating good interrater reliability. Coded data were analyzed through descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and t-tests. The findings show that sustainability is being integrated into the curricula and across courses of T&A programs in the U.S. Over half of the institution surveyed offered at least one sustainability embedded course. Higher ranked institutions provided more sustainability-related courses than power-ranked institutions. A natural match between the subject field and specific sustainability theme was observed (e.g., cultural diversity in history/culture and social psychology/education; recycle/reuse in textile science; sustainability in fashion design; social responsibility and ethics in industry/consumer). The need to introduce sustainability in courses holistically is discussed, whereby sustainability within the industry supply chain is examined in a connected way.