<i>In vitro</i> assessment of selected Korean plants for antioxidant and antiacetylcholinesterase activities

Lee, Seulah,Lee, Dahae,Baek, Jiwon,Jung, Eun Bee,Baek, Ji Yun,Lee, Il Kyun,Jang, Tae Su,Kang, Ki Sung,Kim, Ki Hyun TaylorFrancis 2017 PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY Vol.55 No.1

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P><B>Context:</B> Antiacetylcholinesterase (AChE) drugs have been a main therapeutic treatment for Alzheimer’s disease because increased AChE levels play a key role in reducing neurotransmission.</P><P><B>Objectives:</B> Extracts from 35 Korean plants were selected and screened for antioxidant and anti-cholinesterase activity to explore new sources derived from Korean natural resources that could be used as AD therapeutic agents.</P><P><B>Materials and methods:</B> The antioxidant effect of extracts from 35 selected Korean plants was determined using two most common free radical scavenging assays using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS). Additionally, the effect of extracts, identified as antioxidants, on acetylcholinesterase inhibition was assessed by an acetylcholinesterase assay kit.</P><P><B>Results:</B> Out of 36 extracts of 35 plants tested, <I>Oenothera biennis</I> L. (9.09 μg/mL), <I>Saururus chinensis</I> (Lour.) Baill. (9.52 μg/mL) and <I>Betula platyphylla</I> var. <I>japonica</I> (9.85 μg/mL) showed strong DPPH scavenging activity. Twelve other extracts also exerted moderate free radical scavenging activities with IC<SUB>50</SUB> values ranging from 10 to 50 μg/mL. Antioxidant capacity detected by ABTS assay was only significant in <I>O. biennis</I> (23.40 μg/mL), while the other extracts were weak or unable to reduce the production of ABTS. Based on the antioxidant activities of these plant extracts, 19 extracts with IC<SUB>50</SUB> values less than 100 μg/mL in DPPH assay were selected for further AChE inhibition assay. Among the extracts tested, the IC<SUB>50</SUB> value for <I>Prunella vulgaris</I> var. <I>lilacina</I> NAKAI (18.83 μg/mL) in AChE inhibitory activity was the lowest, followed by <I>O. biennis</I> (20.09 μg/mL) and <I>Pharbitis nil</I> Chosy (22.79 μg/mL).</P><P><B>Conclusions:</B> Considering complex multifactorial etiology of AD, the extracts of <I>P. vulgaris</I> var. <I>lilacina</I> (aerial part), <I>O. biennis</I> (seed) and <I>P. nil</I> (seed) may be safe and ideal candidates for future AD modifying therapies.</P>

Comparison of the methods for platelet rich plasma preparation in horses

( Eun-bee Lee ),( Jung-won Kim ),( Jong-pil Seo ) 한국축산학회(구 한국동물자원과학회) 2018 한국축산학회지 Vol.60 No.8

Platelet rich plasma (PRP) is popularly used in the horse industry to enhance regeneration of tissue injury that has limitation of blood supply. This study aimed to compare the methods for platelet rich plasma preparation since they has not been established yet. Blood was collected from six horses and platelets were concentrated by three different methods (2-step centrifugation, separated centrifugation and separated centrifugation using histopaque). Concentrated blood was analyzed using Advia hematology systems. In the result, separated centrifugation with histopaque showed the significantly lower number of red blood cells than other groups. The 2-step centrifugation showed the significantly higher number of white blood cells than other groups, while it contained the highest concentration of red blood cells among three groups. In the 2-step centrifugation, separated centrifugation and separated centrifugation with histopaque, platelets were concentrated 4.5, 5.3 and 5.6 times, respectively. And no significant difference of the platelet concentration between the three groups was found. This study demonstrated that separated centrifugation using histopaque was the best method for platelet rich plasma preparation because of the proper amount of platelets and the separation of red blood cells from platelet rich plasma.

Synthetic anion transporters that bear a terminal ethynyl group

Lee, Eun-Bee,Ryu, Hyunil,Lee, Insu,Choi, Sangbaek,Hong, Jung-Ho,Kim, Sun Min,Jeon, Tae-Joon,Cho, Dong-Gyu The Royal Society of Chemistry 2015 Chemical communications Vol.51 No.45

<P>Cl<SUP>−</SUP> transporters that bear a terminal ethynyl group were synthesized; they consist of non-pyrrolic hydrogen bond motifs such as phenolic OH, amide NH, and triazole CH. The ethynyl group of these non-pyrrolic analogs plays an important role in chloride efflux and they exhibit no significant cytotoxic activity.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>Non-pyrrolic synthetic anion transporters without cytotoxicity are capable of transporting the chloride anion through membranes. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c5cc01903f'> </P>

AI 스피커를 통한 영어회화 학습유형에 대한 사용자 경험 연구

이은비(Eun Bee Lee),윤재영(Jae Young Yun) 한국HCI학회 2021 한국HCI학회 학술대회 Vol.2021 No.1

AI 스피커는 언어 사용 환경에 자연스럽게 노출되기 좋고 상호작용을 할 수 있다는 점에서 유용한 영어회화 학습 도구가 될 수 있다. AI 스피커를 통한 영어회화 학습 시 사용자에게 적합한 인터랙션이 적용된다면 더 나은 사용자 경험을 제공할 수 있을 것이다. 본 연구에서는 AI 스피커의 대화 주도 방식에 집중해 AI 스피커 주도형 학습, 사용자 주도형 학습으로 유형을 나누었고, 기존 동영상 학습과 함께 비교하여 영어회화 학습 사용자의 경험요소(흥미성, 유용성, 적합성, 지속 사용성)를 측정하였다. 연구결과, AI 스피커의 언어학습유형(AI 스피커 주도형, 사용자 주도형)이 동영상 학습에 비해 높은 평가를 받았다. 또한 영어실력에 따라 사용자 경험에서 차이를 보였는데, 영어 실력이 높을수록 사용자 주도형 학습 유형이 높은 평가를 받았고, 영어 실력이 낮을수록 AI 스피커 주도형 학습에 높은 평가를 받았다.

로열티 프로그램이 소비자와 기업에 미치는 영향

이슬비(Lee Seul Bee),이예원(Lee Ye Won),이호연(Lee Ho Yeon),한은비(Han Eun Bee),김민선(Min Sun Kim) 한국산학기술학회 2014 한국산학기술학회 학술대회 Vol.- No.-

기업이 실시하고 있는 다양한 마케팅 방법 중의 효과적으로 알려진 로열티 프로그램에 대 한 정의와 실시된 배경과 그 과정 그리고 현재까지의 발전된 모습을 통해 소비자에게는 실 용적이고 쾌락적인 혜택을 준다는 것이 확인되었으며, 기업에게는 포화된 시장에서의 고객 과의 관계를 유지시키며 이 관계에서 더 나아가 새로운 고객을 확보하는데 영향을 주고 있 음을 알았다. 그러나 모방이 되기 쉽고 단기적인 영향을 끼치며 높아지는 소비자의 기대를 충족시키기에 문제가 있다는 점에서 장기적인 관점과 더불어 세분화된 시장에 전략적으로 접근하는 노력이 필요하며, 각 분야의 협력을 통해 구체적인 방안을 마련해야함을 조언한다.

영어회화 학습 도구로서의 AI 스피커에 대한 사용자 경험 연구

이은비 ( Lee¸ Eun Bee ),윤재영 ( Yun¸ Jae Young ) 디자인융복합학회(구.한국인포디자인학회) 2021 디자인융복합연구 Vol.20 No.5

현재 많은 개발사들이 AI 스피커를 통해 영어회화 학습이 가능한 프로그램을 제공하고 있다. 교육과 기술이 융합한 새로운 교육 흐름에서 인공지능을 통한 영어회화 학습은 주목받고 있지만 아직 초기 단계이기에 사용자를 고려한 디자인 설계가 필요하다. 본 연구의 목적은 영어실력에 따라 각 언어학습유형에 대한 사용자 경험을 조사해 사용자가 선호하는 언어학습유형이 무엇인지 살펴보고 사용자에 적합한 인터랙션 디자인 전략을 제시하는 데 있다. 이에 따라 AI 스피커의 대화 주도 방식에 집중해 AI 스피커 주도형 학습, 사용자 주도형 학습으로 유형을 나누었고, 기존 동영상 학습과 함께 비교하여 영어회화 학습 사용자의 경험요소(흥미성, 유용성, 적합성, 지속 사용성)를 측정하였다. 연구 결과, AI 스피커의 언어학습유형(AI 스피커 주도형, 사용자 주도형)이 동영상 학습에 비해 높은 평가를 받았다. 또한 영어실력에 따라 사용자 경험에서 차이를 보였는데, 영어실력이 높을수록 사용자 주도형 학습 유형이 높은 평가를 받았고 영어실력이 낮을수록 AI 스피커 주도형 학습이 높은 평가를 받았다. Currently, many developers offer programs that enable learning of English conversation through AI speakers. Learning English conversation through artificial intelligence is drawing attention in a new educational trend that combines education and technology, but since it is still in its early stages, design considering users is needed. The purpose of this study is to investigate user experience for each type of language learning based on English proficiency, see what types of language learning users prefer, and present an interaction design strategy suitable for users. Accordingly, we focused on conversation-driven methods of AI speakers and divided the types into AI speaker-led learning, user-led learning, and measured user experience factors(interest, usefulness, fit, and persistence) compared with existing video learning. As a result of the study, the language learning type (AI speaker led, user led) of AI speakers was highly evaluated compared to video learning. In addition, there were differences in user experience depending on English skills, the higher the English proficiency, the higher the user-led learning type, and the lower the English proficiency, the higher the AI speaker-led learning.

Curcuzedoalide contributes to the cytotoxicity of <i>Curcuma zedoaria</i> rhizomes against human gastric cancer AGS cells through induction of apoptosis

Jung, Eun Bee,Trinh, Tuy An,Lee, Tae Kyoung,Yamabe, Noriko,Kang, Ki Sung,Song, Ji Hoon,Choi, Sungyoul,Lee, Sanghyun,Jang, Tae Su,Kim, Ki Hyun,Hwang, Gwi Seo Elsevier 2018 Journal of Ethnopharmacology Vol.213 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P><B>Ethnopharmacological relevance</B></P> <P> <I>Curcuma zedoaria</I> Roscoe (Zingiberaceae), also known as white turmeric or zedoaria, has been used in Ayurveda and traditional Chinese medicine to treat various cancers, and it possesses several sesquiterpenoid compounds.</P> <P><B>Objective</B></P> <P>This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effects of a methanolic (MeOH) extract of <I>C. zedoaria</I> rhizomes, as well as its active constituents, against gastric cancer, which is a frequently diagnosed cancer in South Korea.</P> <P><B>Materials and methods</B></P> <P>Repeated column chromatography, together with semi-preparative HPLC purification, was used to separate the bioactive constituents from the <I>C. zedoaria</I> MeOH extract. The cytotoxic effects of the <I>C. zedoaria</I> MeOH extract and its active compounds were measured in human gastric cancer AGS cells. Expression of proteins related to apoptosis was evaluated using Western blotting analysis.</P> <P><B>Results</B></P> <P>The MeOH extract of <I>C. zedoaria</I> rhizomes exerted a cytotoxic effect on AGS cells (IC<SUB>50</SUB>: 96.60 ± 4.87μg/mL). Based on the bioactivity-guided fractionation for antiproliferative activity, a chemical investigation of the MeOH extract led to the isolation of five sesquiterpenes including isoprocurcumenol (<B>1</B>), germacrone (<B>2</B>), curzerenone (<B>3</B>), curcumenol (<B>4</B>), and curcuzedoalide (<B>5</B>). Among these, curcuzedoalide demonstrated the strongest effect in suppressing gastric cancer cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner with an IC<SUB>50</SUB> value of 125.11±2.77μM. Western blotting analysis showed that curcuzedoalide inhibited AGS human gastric cancer cell viability by activating caspase-8, caspase-9, caspase-3, and PARP, which contributed to apoptotic cell death in AGS human gastric cancer cells.</P> <P><B>Conclusion</B></P> <P>These data indicate that curcuzedoalide contributed to the cytotoxicity of <I>C. zedoaria</I> by activating the cleavage of caspases and PARP, which are representative markers for apoptosis. Therefore, curcuzedoalide is a positive candidate for the development of novel chemotherapeutics.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Effects of myeloid sirtuin 1 deficiency on hypothalamic neurogranin in mice fed a high-fat diet

Kim, Kyung Eun,Jeong, Eun Ae,Shin, Hyun Joo,Lee, Jong Youl,Choi, Eun Bee,An, Hyeong Seok,Park, Kyung-Ah,Jin, Zhen,Lee, Dong Kun,Horvath, Tamas L.,Roh, Gu Seob Elsevier 2019 Biochemical and biophysical research communication Vol.508 No.1

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Hypothalamic inflammation has been known as a contributor to high-fat diet (HFD)-induced insulin resistance and obesity. Myeloid-specific sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) deletion aggravates insulin resistance and hypothalamic inflammation in HFD-fed mice. Neurogranin, a calmodulin-binding protein, is expressed in the hypothalamus. However, the effects of myeloid SIRT1 deletion on hypothalamic neurogranin has not been fully clarified. To investigate the effect of myeloid SIRT1 deletion on food intake and hypothalamic neurogranin expression, mice were fed a HFD for 20 weeks. Myeloid SIRT1 knockout (KO) mice exhibited higher food intake, weight gain, and lower expression of anorexigenic proopiomelanocortin in the arcuate nucleus than WT mice. In particular, KO mice had lower ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH)-specific neurogranin expression. However, SIRT1 deletion reduced HFD-induced hypothalamic neurogranin. Furthermore, hypothalamic phosphorylated AMPK and parvalbumin protein levels were also lower in HFD-fed KO mice than in HFD-fed WT mice. Thus, these findings suggest that myeloid SIRT1 deletion affects food intake through VMH-specific neurogranin-mediated AMPK signaling and hypothalamic inflammation in mice fed a HFD.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Myeloid surtuin1 deficiency increases food intake and body weight in normal diet (ND)-fed mice. </LI> <LI> Myeloid surtuin1 deficiency decreases hypothalamic POMC and neurogranin in ND-fed mice. </LI> <LI> High-fat diet (HFD) increases hypothalamic neurogranin in mice. </LI> <LI> Myeloid surtuin1 deficiency reduces HFD-induced neurogranin, p-AMPK, and parvalbumin in the hypothalamus. </LI> </UL> </P>

Content Analysis of Flavonoids in the Leaves of Boehmeria nivea by HPLC/UV

Dong Gu Lee,Sunghun Cho,Jae Min Lee,Ji Yeon Lee,Eun Bee Jung,Eun Ju Cho,Ho Bang Kim,Yong-Su Jung,Sanghyun Lee 한국원예학회 2014 한국원예학회 학술발표요지 Vol.2014 No.5

Evaluation of concurrent immunizations with equine influenza virus and strangles vaccines

( Dong-ha Lee ),( Kyungmin Jang ),( Taemook Park ),( Youngjong Kim ),( Kyoung Hwan Kim ),( Eun-bee Lee ),( Young Beom Kwak ),( Eun-ju Ko ) 한국동물위생학회 2023 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.46 No.4

Despite regular vaccinations, equine influenza virus (EIV) and Streptococcus equi subsp. equi (strangles) are the cause of highly contagious respiratory infections in horses. Many recent studies have reported that the concurrent administration of two vaccines could simplify horse management and minimize veterinary expenses. However, there is little information available regarding the efficacy of concurrent vaccinations against EIV and strangles. In this study, we evaluated EIV-specific antibody responses following the single EIV vaccination with the recombinant viral-vectored EIV vaccine or concurrent vaccination with the EIV and inactivated strangles vaccines. Blood samples were collected at 1-, 2-, 4-, and 8 weeks post-immunization (wpi) from each group. EIV-specific antibodies were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) assay. Both single and concurrent vaccination showed similar levels of EIV-specific serum immunoglobulin g (IgG) at 1 and 2 wpi. However, at 4 to 8 wpi, the EIV-only vaccination group showed significantly higher serum IgG levels than those from the concurrently vaccinated group. The HAI titers showed similar trends as the ELISA data, except at 8 wpi when both groups presented HAI titers with no significant differences. These data demonstrate that the concurrent vaccination against EIV and strangles could compromise the humoral immune response to equine influenza between vaccination intervals, which suggests the use of the consecutive vaccination protocol for EIV and strangles rather than concurrent vaccination.