A Mobile P2P Semantic Information Retrieval System with Effective Updates

( Chuan-ming Liu ),( Cheng-hsien Chen ),( Yen-lin Chen ),( Jeng-haur Wang ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2015 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.9 No.5

As the technologies advance, mobile peer-to-peer (MP2P) networks or systems become one of the major ways to share resources and information. On such a system, the information retrieval (IR), including the development of scalable infrastructures for indexing, becomes more complicated due to a huge increase on the amount of information and rapid information change. To keep the systems on MP2P networks more reliable and consistent, the index structures need to be updated frequently. For a semantic IR system, the index structure is even more complicated than a classic IR system and generally has higher update cost. The most well-known indexing technique used in semantic IR systems is Latent Semantic Indexing (LSI), of which the index structure is generated by singular value decomposition (SVD). Although LSI performs well, updating the index structure is not easy and time consuming. In an MP2P environment, which is fully distributed and dynamic, the update becomes more challenging. In this work, we consider how to update the sematic index generated by LSI and keep the index consistent in the whole MP2P network. The proposed Concept Space Update (CSU) protocol, based on distributed 2-Phase locking strategy, can effectively achieve the objectives in terms of two measurements: coverage speed and update cost. Using the proposed effective synchronization mechanism with the efficient updates on the SVD, re-computing the whole index on the P2P overlay can be avoided and the consistency can be achieved. Simulated experiments are also performed to validate our analysis on the proposed CSU protocol. The experimental results indicate that CSU is effective on updating the concept space with LSI/SVD index structure in MP2P semantic IR systems.

Preparation of AlN Films and nc-AlN/a-SiNx Nanocomposite Films by Medium Frequency Magnetron Sputtering

Ming Kai Li,Xiang Jun Fan,Cheng Bin Li,Chuan Sheng Liu 한국물리학회 2005 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.46 No.1

AlN ¯lms and nc-AlN/a-SiNx nanocomposite ¯lms are deposited on (111) silicon and glass sub-strates by using medium-frequency reactive magnetron sputtering under N2/Ar atmosphere, and then the ¯lms are analyzed in detail by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diraction (XRD). Hardness of the nc-AlN/a-SiNx ¯lms is measured. The microstructures of AlN ¯lms under dierent nitrogen concentrations are compared. The XRD patterns indicate that the ¯lm shows (002) orientation, strongly independent of N2 partial °ow rate. The TEM images show that the uniform AlN crystal, the clear polycrystalline diraction circles and the dierence of the grain size under dierent conditions are signi¯cant. Columnar grains of AlN ¯lm on (111) silicon substrate under 70 % N2 partial °ow rate are observed. The results indicate that the preferred orientation of AlN ¯lm is aected by N2 partial °ow rate. The hardness of nc-AlN/a-SiNx ¯lms increases with increasing a-SiNx content and the hardness decreases when a-SiNx is excessive. The maximal hardness of nc-AlN/a-SiNx nanocomposite ¯lms can reach 30 GPa by adjusting a-SiNx content. The transmission of the nanocomposite ¯lms is over 85 %. The results suggest that it has potential application for optical protective coatings.

Differential Protein Expression Profile Between CD20 Positive and Negative Cells of the NCI-H929 Cell Line

Geng, Chuan-Ying,Liu, Nian,Yang, Guang-Zhong,Liu, Ai-Jun,Leng, Yun,Wang, Hui-Juan,Li, Li-Hong,Wu, Yin,Li, Yan-Chen,Chen, Wen-Ming Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.11

At present, multiple myeloma (MM) remains an incurable disease and cologenic cells may be responsible for disease relapse. It has been proposed that CD20+/CD138- NCI-H929 cells could be hallmarks of MM clonogenic cells. Here, the immunology phenotype of NCI-H929 cells is described. Only a small population of CD20+/CD138- cells (<1%) was found in the NCI-H929 cell line, but CD20+/CD138- cells were not detected. We found that CD20+/CD138+ cells were able to exhibit cologenic capacity by colony formation assay and continuous passage culture. Proteins were analyzed by 1D-SDS-PAGE and TMT based quantitative differential liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). 1,082 non-redundant proteins were identified, 658 of which were differentially expressed with at least a 1.5-fold difference. 205 proteins in CD20+ cells were expressed at higher levels and 453 proteins were at lower levels compared with CD20- cells. Most proteins had catalytic and binding activity and mainly participated in metabolic processes, cell communication and molecular transport. These results proved that there are different biological features and protein expression profile between CD20+ and CD20- cells in the NCI-H929 cell line.

A Novel Active Image AuthenticationSchemefor Block Truncation Coding

Chang-Ming Wu,Yu-Chen Hu,Kuo-Yu Liu,Jun-Chou Chuang 보안공학연구지원센터 2014 International Journal of Signal Processing, Image Vol.7 No.5

In this paper, a simple active image authentication scheme for the compressed images of block truncation coding (BTC) is proposed. In this scheme, the authentication codes of the compressed blocks are generated from the random value induced by the random seed. The authentication code of each compressed block is embedded into the bit map. The bit length of each authentication code can be chosen according to the user’s requirement. The experimental results indicate that the proposed scheme detects the tampered areas clearly and keeps good image qualities of the embedded images. Meanwhile, a low computational cost is required in the proposed scheme.

Effect of rapid thermal oxidation on structure and photoelectronic properties of silicon oxide in monocrystalline silicon solar cells

Chung Ping Liu,Ming Wei Chang,Chuan Lung Chuang 한국물리학회 2014 Current Applied Physics Vol.14 No.5

This paper concerns the topic of surface passivation properties of rapid thermal oxidation on p-type monocrystalline silicon wafer for use in screen-printed silicon solar cells. It shows that inline thermal oxidation is a very promising alternative to the use of conventional batch type quartz tube furnaces for the surface passivation of industrial phosphorus-diffused emitters. Five minutes was the most favorable holding time for the rapid thermal oxidation growth of the solar cell sample, in which the average carrier lifetime was increased 19.4 ms. The Fourier transform infrared spectrum of the rapid thermal oxidation sample, whose structure was Al/Al-BSF/p-type Si/n-type SiP/SiO2/SiNx/Ag solar cell with an active area of 15.6 cm2, contained an absorption peak at 1085 cm1, which was associated with the SieO bonds in silicon oxide. The lowest average reflectance of this sample is 0.87%. Furthermore, for this sample, its average of internal quantum efficiency and conversion efficiency are respectively increased by 8% and 0.23%, compared with the sample without rapid thermal oxidation processing.

Formation of CuInGaSe2 Thin Film Photovoltaic Absorber by Using Rapid Thermal Sintering of Binary Nanoparticle Precursors

Chung Ping Liu,Ming Wei Chang,Chuan Lung Chuang 한국물리학회 2013 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.63 No.11

It was known that properties of copper-indium-gallium-diselenide (CIGS) thin films were evidentlyaffected by precursor nanoparticle-ink and sintering technology. The nanoparticles were fabricatedby using a rotary ball-milling (RBM) technique. After RBM, the particle size of the agglomeratedCIGS powder was smaller than 100 nm. The nanoparticle ink was printed onto a Mo/soda limeglass substrate and baked at a low temperature to remove solvents and to form a dry precursor. Crystallographic, morphological, and stoichiometric properties of films were then obtained by usingthe precursor CIGS samples sintered at various heating rates in a non-vacuum environment withoutselenization. Analytical results revealed that the 2-theta data of the sample sintered at a heatingrate of 15 C/s were the closest to the data on the JCPDS card for Cu(Ga0.3In0.7)Se2.0 because theirangles were 26.8, 44.5, and 52.7, respectively. In addition, analytical results indicated that theCIGS absorption layer prepared at a heating rate of 15 C/s had a chalcopyrite structure and favorablecompositions. For this sample, the mole ratio of Cu:In:Ga:Se was equal to 0.98:0.81:0.28:1.93,and related ratios of Ga/(In+Ga) and Cu/(In+Ga) were 0.26 and 0.90, respectively.

Initial Factors Influencing Duration of Hospital Stay in Adult Patients With Peritonsillar Abscess

Yu-Hsi Liu,Hsing-Hao Su,Yi-Wen Tsai,Yu-Yi Hou,Kuo-Ping Chang,Chao-Chuan Chi,Ming-Yee Lin,Pi-Hsiung Wu 대한이비인후과학회 2017 Clinical and Experimental Otorhinolaryngology Vol.10 No.1

Objectives. To review cases of peritonsillar abscess and investigate the initial clinical factors that may influence the duration of hospitalization. To determine the predictive factors of prolonged hospital stay in adult patients with peritonsillar abscess. Methods. Subjects were adults hospitalized with peritonsillar abscess. We retrospectively reviewed 377 medical records from 1990 to 2013 in a tertiary medical center in southern Taiwan. The association between clinical characteristics and the length of hospital stay was analyzed with independent t-test, univariate linear regression and multiple linear regression analysis. Results. The mean duration of hospitalization was 6.2±6.0 days. With univariate linear regression, a prolonged hospital stay was associated with several variables, including female gender, older ages, nonsmoking status, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, band forms in white blood cell (WBC) counts, and lower hemoglobin levels. With multiple linear regression analysis, four independent predictors of hospital stay were noted: years of age (P<0.001), history of diabetes mellitus (P<0.001), ratio of band form WBC (P<0.001), and hemoglobin levels (P<0.001). Conclusion. In adult patients with peritonsillar abscess, older ages, history of diabetes mellitus, band forms in WBC counts and lower hemoglobin levels were independent predictors of longer hospitalization.

Influence of the Ratio of Surfactant Additives on the Anisotropic Etching Process Used to Make Small Pyramids for Use in Solar Cells

Chung Ping Liu,Ming Wei Chang,Chuan Lung Chuang 한국물리학회 2014 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.64 No.9

This paper focuses on surfactant additives (SA) that are used in alkaline etching of p-typemonocrystalline silicon wafers for use in screen-printed silicon solar cells. An Al/p-type Si/ntypeSiP/SiNx/Ag solar cell with an active area of 15.6 cm2 was fabricated. The highest measuredefficiency of the solar cells was 19.24%, which proves that the SA method is highly efficient for fabricatingmonocrystalline silicon solar cells. The results show that 0.4 L of SA is the most favorablevolume for alkaline etching of solar-cell samples. Samples etched at this volume exhibit the lowestaverage reflectance of 0.596%, an average internal quantum efficiency (IQE) gain of 5.6% and anefficiency gain of 0.84%, thus showing the SA method to be an efficient anisotropic etching process. In addition, the cell with the highest efficiency had an increase of 4.57% in power, an increase of3.1% in the short-circuit current, and an increase of 1.43% in the open-circuit voltage. In summary,microstructural, reflectance, IQE, and I − V measurements revealed that the best cell was formedusing an optimal SA volume of 0.4 L.

An Image Retrieving Scheme Using Salient Features and Annotation Watermarking

( Jenq-haur Wang ),( Chuan-ming Liu ),( Jhih-siang Syu ),( Yen-lin Chen ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2014 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.8 No.1

Existing image search systems allow users to search images by keywords, or by example images through content-based image retrieval (CBIR). On the other hand, users might learn more relevant textual information about an image from its text captions or surrounding contexts within documents or Web pages. Without such contexts, it`s difficult to extract semantic description directly from the image content. In this paper, we propose an annotation watermarking system for users to embed text descriptions, and retrieve more relevant textual information from similar images. First, tags associated with an image are converted by two-dimensional code and embedded into the image by discrete wavelet transform (DWT). Next, for images without annotations, similar images can be obtained by CBIR techniques and embedded annotations can be extracted. Specifically, we use global features such as color ratios and dominant sub-image colors for preliminary filtering. Then, local features such as Scale-Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT) descriptors are extracted for similarity matching. This design can achieve good effectiveness with reasonable processing time in practical systems. Our experimental results showed good accuracy in retrieving similar images and extracting relevant tags from similar images.

The Feasibility of Using Simulated Targets in the Stomachs of Live Pigs for Full Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection Training

( Horng Yuan Wang ),( Shou Chuan Shih ),( Chien Yuan Hung ),( Chia Yuan Liu ),( Tze Yu Shieh ),( Ming Jen Chen ) 대한소화기학회 2014 Gut and Liver Vol.8 No.6

Background/Aims: In endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) training, only a flat target lesion can usually be simulated in the normal mucosa. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of simulated targets in the stomachs of live pigs for complete training. Methods: Six trained endoscopists with hands-on experience with ex vivo, isolated pig stomachs were enrolled in this pilot study. An endoscopic banding device was used to create a polyp that was snared, leaving an ulcerated lesion. This simulated target model was used to perform ESD in pigs. The en bloc resection rate, procedure time, complications, quality of resection, and participants` opinions on the simulated targets were compared with the conventional model. Results: En bloc resections were achieved in all six simulated targets and six conventional models. The mean size of the resected specimens was 32.2 mm (range, 20 to 39 mm) in the simulated target group and 23.5 mm (range, 11 to 40 mm) in the conventional group. The target model had a high quality of resection and had a high satisfaction rate for margin identification and correct peripheral marking. Conclusions: Good identification of the lesion and ease of periphery marking in the target model may improve resection quality. (Gut Liver 2014;8:619-624)