Cambial Meristematic Cell Specific Homologous Gene, At1G71110 May Play in R Gene Mediated Defense Signaling Pathway

Bong-Gyu Mun,Sang-Uk Lee,Arti Sharma,Byung-Wook Yun 한국육종학회 2014 한국육종학회 심포지엄 Vol.2014 No.07

Cambial meristematic cells (CMCs) are innately undifferentiated cells located in the meristems of plant with function as a stem cell to renew itself or replace specialized tissues. Another interesting feature of plant stem cells is controlling the plant defense in response to various stresses. Several groups have studied for stem cell triggered immunity signaling however, the molecular basis of the stem cell triggered immunity remains unclear. We previously obtained deferentially expressed 563 stem cell specific gene profiles from transcriptome analysis between two different cell types, CMC and dedifferentiated dells (DDCs) of yew tree (Taxuscuspidate). In a line of comparative genomics approach, we have selected 30 Arabidopsis homologous immune regulator candidate genes that showed significantly enriched GO terms ; at “response to stress” and “defense response”. We obtained one of homologous knock-out (KO) Arabidopsis mutant line on the locus At1G71110 whose cognate yew homologous gene showed predominantly expressed in CMCs compared to DDCs (20 times higher). For the assessment of basal disease resistance KO mutant plants were inoculated with Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst) DC3000 and counted pathogen isolated from inoculated leaves. Interestingly, the KO mutant plants were not compromised in basal disease resistant, however, the hypersensitive response was significantly enhanced in the mutant compared to wild type in response to PstavrB, suggesting R-gene mediated defense response involved. We also investigated there sponse to the small reactive redox molecules such as reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) that associated significantly in plant immune response. Notably the KO mutant plants exhibited hypersensitivity specifically under nitrosative stress condition derived by S-nitrosiglutathione (GSNO), anitrioxide (NO) donor. Taken all together, putative endomembrane components At1G71110 may play a pivotal role in R gene mediated plant immune system. To further investigate its role(s) and molecular signaling network various defense gene expression profiles and functional genomics approach are ongoing for the long term aim of muti-stress tolerant crop development

Streptomyces sp. LH 4 confers plant growth and a resistance against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in cucumber through enzymatic and phyto-hormonal modulation

Bong-Gyu Mun,Won-Hee Lee,Sang-Mo Kang,Seok-Min Lee 한국농약과학회 2018 한국농약과학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2018 No.10

S-nitrosocysteine-responsive genes modulate diverse regulatory pathways in Oryza sativa: a transcriptome profiling study

Mun, Bong-Gyu,Lee, Sang-Uk,Hussain, Adil,Kim, Hyun-Ho,Rolly, Nkulu Kabange,Jung, Ki-Hong,Yun, Byung-Wook CSIRO Publishing 2018 Functional plant biology Vol.45 No.6

<P> Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a major food crop and also a well-established genetic model. Nitric oxide (NO) and its derivatives are important signalling molecules that actively participate in various signalling pathways in response to different stresses. In this study, we performed RNA-seq mediated transcriptomic analysis of rice after treatment with the nitric oxide donor, S-nitroso-L-cysteine (CySNO), generating an average of 37.5 and 41.5 million reads from control and treated leaf samples respectively. More than 95% of the reads were successfully mapped to the O. sativa reference genome yielding a total of 33 539 differentially expressed genes (DEGs, P < 0.05). Further analyses identified 825 genes with at least 2-fold change in the expression following treatment with CySNO (P < 0.01). The DEGs identified were involved in diverse molecular functions such as catalytic activity, binding, transport, and receptor activity and were mostly located in the membrane, organelles such as nucleus, Golgi apparatus and mitochondria. DEGs also contained several genes that regulate responses to abiotic stresses such as drought, heat, cold and salt stress and biotic stresses. We also found significantly similar expression patterns of CySNO-responsive DEGs of rice with the CySNO-responsive DEGs of Arabidopsis in a previous study. Expression patterns of genes involved in key biological functions were verified using quantitative real time (qRT)-PCR. The findings of this study suggest that NO regulates the transcriptional control of genes involved in a wide variety of physiological functions in rice, and that NO-mediated transcriptional networks are highly conserved across the plant kingdom. This study provides useful information regarding the transcriptional response of plants to nitrosative stress. </P>

Analysis of transcription factors among differentially expressed genes induced by drought stress in <i>Populus davidiana</i>

Mun, Bong-Gyu,Lee, Sang-Uk,Park, Eung-Jun,Kim, Hyun-Ho,Hussain, Adil,Imran, Qari Muhammad,Lee, In-Jung,Yun, Byung-Wook Springer Berlin Heidelberg 2017 3 Biotech Vol.7 No.3

<P><I>Populus davidiana</I> is native to the Korean Peninsula and is one of the most dominant and abundantly growing forest trees in eastern Asia. Compared to other <I>Populus</I> species such as <I>P. trichocarpa, P. euphratica,</I> and <I>P. tremula</I>, relatively little is known about <I>P. davidiana.</I> Here, we performed transcriptomic analysis of <I>P. davidiana</I> under drought stress induced by 10% polyethylene glycol. A total of 12,403 and 12,414 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were successfully annotated with the <I>P. trichocarpa</I> reference genome after 6 and 12 h of treatment, respectively. Of these, a total of 404 genes (238 up-regulated and 166 down-regulated) after 6 h and 359 genes (187 up-regulated and 172 down-regulated) after 12 h of treatment were identified as transcription factors. Transcription factors known to be key genes for drought stress response, such as AP2-EREB, WRKY, C2H2, and NAC, were identified. This results suggesting that early induction of these genes affected initiation of transcriptional regulation in response to drought stress. Quantitative real-time PCR results of selected genes showed highly significant (<I>R</I> = 0.93) correlation with RNA-Seq data. Interestingly, the expression pattern of some transcription factors was <I>P. davidiana</I> specific. The sequence of <I>P. davidiana</I> ortholog of <I>P. trichocarpa</I> gene POPTR_0018s10230, which plays an important role in plant response to drought, was further analyzed as our RNA-Seq results showed highly significant changes in the expression of this gene following the stress treatment. Sequence of the gene was compared to <I>P. trichocarpa</I> gene sequence using cloning-based sequencing. Additionally, we generated a predicted 3D protein structure for the gene product. Results indicated that the amino acid sequence of <I>P. davidiana</I>-specific POPTR_0018s10230 is different at six different positions compared to <I>P. trichocarpa</I>, resulting in a significantly different structure of the protein. Identifying the transcription factors expressed in <I>P. davidiana</I> under drought stress will not only offer clues for understanding the underlying mechanisms involved in drought stress physiology but also serve as a basis for future molecular studies on this species.</P><P><B>Electronic supplementary material</B></P><P>The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s13205-017-0858-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.</P>

Profile and Time-Scale Dynamics of Differentially Expressed Genes in Transcriptome of Populus davidiana Under Drought Stress

Mun, Bong-Gyu,Hussain, Adil,Park, Eung-Jun,Lee, Sang-Uk,Sharma, Arti,Imran, Qari Muhammad,Jung, Ki-Hong,Yun, Byung-Wook Springer-Verlag 2017 Plant molecular biology reporter Vol.35 No.6

<P>The genus Populus contains 25-35 species of deciduous flowering plants in the family Salicaceae. It has evolved to overcome various environmental stresses including drought stress through changes in physiological processes such a stomatal movement, photosynthesis, stress signaling, defense responses, and overall growth rate. In this study, we performed RNA-seq-based transcriptome profiling of Populus davidiana in response to drought stress induced by 10% PEG at two time points (6 and 12 h). We generated over 527 million reads by applying Populus trichocarpa as reference genome. Assembly of the reads yielded 32,650 genes and 75,820 transcripts; of these, after quantile normalization, a total of 997 genes were identified with dynamic expression over time, classifying them into nine different clusters. Among them, 550 genes responded significantly to drought stress treatment after 6 h (108 genes up-regulated and 201 genes down-regulated) and 12 h (161 up-regulated and 80 down-regulated) respectively, with at least twofold change in their expression. Based on analysis of these genes, we found several differentially expressed genes (DEGs) involved in cellular transport, transcriptional regulation, protein modification, regulation of cellular redox state, and those involved in response to other stresses. We also validated RNA-seq-mediated transcriptome data by RT-qPCR analysis of eight randomly selected DEGs. It showed significantly high correlation coefficient (0.95) suggesting high reliability of RNA-seq analysis. This study presents the first RNA-seq mediated transcriptome profile of P. davidiana in response to drought stress, providing critical information necessary for understanding the mechanisms underpinning drought stress tolerance in forest trees and other plant species.</P>

LIDAR Performance Analysis using High Resolution Eye-safe Low-SWaP LIDAR

Mun Hyun Han,Gyu Dong Choi,Hong Seok Seo,Bong Ki Mheen 대한전자공학회 2019 대한전자공학회 학술대회 Vol.2019 No.6

Concurrent chemoradiotherapy for elderly patients with stage III non-small cell lung cancer

Ki Mun Kang,Bae Kwon Jeong,In Bong Ha,Gyu Young Chai,Gyeong Won Lee,Hoon Gu Kim,Jung Hoon Kang,Won Seob Lee,Myoung Hee Kang 대한방사선종양학회 2012 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.30 No.3

Purpose: Combined chemoradiotherapy is standard management for locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (LA-NSCLC), but standard treatment for elderly patients with LA-NSCLC has not been confirmed yet. We evaluated the feasibility and efficacy of concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) for elderly patients with LA-NSCLC. Materials and Methods: Among patients older than 65 years with LA-NSCLC, 36 patients, who underwent CCRT were retrospectively analyzed. Chemotherapy was administered 3-5 times with 4 weeks interval during radiotherapy. Thoracic radiotherapy was delivered to the primary mass and regional lymph nodes. Total dose of 54-59.4 Gy (median, 59.4 Gy) in daily 1.8 Gy fractions and 5 fractions per week. Results: Regarding the response to treatment, complete response, partial response, and no response were shown in 16.7%, 66.7%, and 13.9%, respectively. The 1- and 2-year overall survival (OS) rates were 58.2% and 31.2%, respectively, and the median survival was 15 months. The 1- and 2-year progression-free survivals (PFS) were 41.2% and 19.5%, respectively, and the median PFS was 10 months. Regarding to the toxicity developed after CCRT, pneumonitis and esophagitis with grade 3 or higher were observed in 13.9% (5 patients) and 11.1% (4 patients), respectively. Treatment-related death was not observed. Conclusion: The treatment-related toxicity as esophagitis and pneumonitis were noticeably lower when was compared with the previously reported results, and the survival rate was higher than radiotherapy alone. The results indicate that CCRT is an effective in terms of survival and treatment related toxicity for elderly patients over 65 years old with LA-NSCLC.

폐암환자의 종양추적 정위방사선치료를 위한 삼차원 및 사차원 방사선치료계획의 비교

채규영(Gyu Young Chai),임영경(Young Kyung Lim),강기문(Ki Mun Kang),정배권(Bae Gwon Jeong),하인봉(In-Bong Ha),박경범(Kyung Bum Park),정진명(Jin-Myung Jung),김동욱(Dongwook Kim) 대한방사선종양학회 2010 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.28 No.4

목 적: 폐암환자의 종양추적 정위방사선치료에서 삼차원 및 사차원치료계획의 선량분포 차이를 비교하였고 선량계산 알고리즘에 따른 폐의 비균질성 보정 결과에 커다란 차이가 있음을 확인하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 7명의 폐암환자를 대상으로 전향적 호흡동조된 사차원 컴퓨터단층촬영 영상을 얻었다. 획득한 영상은 환자의 호흡에 대응하는 10개의 삼차원단층촬영 영상이며 이를 바탕으로 사차원치료계획이 수립되었다. 사차원 치료계획에서는 종양과 주변장기의 움직임을 고려하여 X선의 방향과 선량분포를 최적화한다. 사차원치료계획에서 최적화된 빔을 호흡의 50% 위상에 해당하는 한 개의 삼차원단층촬영 영상에 동일하게 적용하여 삼차원치료계획을 만들었다. 삼차원 및 사차원 치료계획에서 선량계산을 위하여 각각 Ray-tracing과 몬테칼로 알고리즘을 사용하였다. 수립된 4개의 치료계획에서 처방선량의 종양체적 포함률, 종양체적의 95%를 포함하는 선량인 D95, 종양의 최대선량, 그리고 척수의 최대선량을 비교하였고 종양의 위치에 대한 연관성도 함께 고찰하였다. 결 과: 몬테칼로 알고리즘을 사용한 삼차원 및 사차원 치료계획에서 종양이 폐의 하엽에 위치해 있는 경우에는 사차원치료계획에서 종양 포함률이 평균 4.4% 높았던 반면에 종양이 폐의 중엽이나 상엽에 위치해 있는 경우에는 반대로 평균 4.6% 낮았다. 또한, D95도 종양이 폐의 하엽에 위치해 있는 경우에는 사차원치료계획에서 평균 4.8% 높았던 반면에 종양이 폐의 중엽이나 상엽에 위치해 있는 경우에는 반대로 평균 1.7% 낮았다. 척수의 최대선량에 대한 비교에서도 종양과 유사한 경향이 나타났다. 치료계획의 차원과 무관하게 Ray-tracing과 몬테칼로 알고리즘 사이의 선량계산 차이는 평균 30% 정도로 몬테칼로 알고리즘을 사용하였을 때 처방선량이 포함하는 종양의 부피는 크게 줄어들었다. 결 론: 폐 종양의 삼차원 및 사차원 치료계획 사이의 차이를 종양과 척수의 선량분포를 통해 비교하였다. 두 치료계획 사이에서 planning target volume (PTV) 포함률이나 D95와 같이 종양과 관련된 선량학적 인자들의 차이 또는 척수의 최대선량 차이는 종양의 이동크기와 형태변화의 정도에 밀접하게 연관되어 있는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 치료계획의 차원과 무관하게 몬테칼로 알고리즘을 사용하면 처방선량이 포함하는 PTV 포함률이나 D95가 크게 줄어드는 것을 확인하였다. Purpose: To compare the dose distributions between three-dimensional (3D) and four-dimensional (4D) radiation treatment plans calculated by Ray-tracing or the Monte Carlo algorithm, and to highlight the difference of dose calculation between two algorithms for lung heterogeneity correction in lung cancers. Materials and Methods: Prospectively gated 4D CTs in seven patients were obtained with a Brilliance CT64-Channel scanner along with a respiratory bellows gating device. After 4D treatment planning with the Ray Tracing algorithm in Multiplan 3.5.1, a CyberKnife stereotactic radiotherapy planning system, 3D Ray Tracing, 3D and 4D Monte Carlo dose calculations were performed under the same beam conditions (same number, directions, monitor units of beams). The 3D plan was performed in a primary CT image setting corresponding to middle phase expiration (50%). Relative dose coverage, D95 of gross tumor volume and planning target volume, maximum doses of tumor, and the spinal cord were compared for each plan, taking into consideration the tumor location. Results: According to the Monte Carlo calculations, mean tumor volume coverage of the 4D plans was 4.4% higher than the 3D plans when tumors were located in the lower lobes of the lung, but were 4.6% lower when tumors were located in the upper lobes of the lung. Similarly, the D95 of 4D plans was 4.8% higher than 3D plans when tumors were located in the lower lobes of lung, but was 1.7% lower when tumors were located in the upper lobes of lung. This tendency was also observed at the maximum dose of the spinal cord. Lastly, a 30% reduction in the PTV volume coverage was observed for the Monte Carlo calculation compared with the Ray-tracing calculation. Conclusion: 3D and 4D robotic radiotherapy treatment plans for lung cancers were compared according to a dosimetric viewpoint for a tumor and the spinal cord. The difference of tumor dose distributions between 3D and 4D treatment plans was only significant when large tumor movement and deformation was suspected. Therefore, 4D treatment planning is only necessary for large tumor motion and deformation. However, a Monte Carlo calculation is always necessary, independent of tumor motion in the lung.

담도계 유두종 및 유두종증 치료의 외과적 접근

문덕복 ( Mun Deog Bog ),이승규 ( Lee Seung Gyu ),이영주 ( Lee Yeong Ju ),박광민 ( Park Gwang Min ),황신 ( Hwang Sin ),김기훈 ( Kim Gi Hun ),안철수 ( An Cheol Su ),하태용 ( Ha Tae Yong ),조성훈 ( Jo Seong Hun ),오기봉 ( O Gi Bong 대한소화기학회 2003 대한소화기학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2003 No.-

<배경 및 목적> 담도계 유두종 및 유두종증은 담도점막을 따라 다발성으로 발생하는 경향이 있고, 악성변화를 잘 일으키기때문에 저등급의 악성질환으로 보기도 한다. 또한 근치적 절제 수술이 어렵고 재발율이 높다. 이연구에서는 본원의 임상예들을 분석하여 적절한 외과 적 접근법을 찾아보고자 하였다. <대상 및 방법> 1989년 9월부터 2002년 12월까지 조직검사상 담도내 유두성 종물이었던 24예를 대상군으로 술전 임상양상, 방사선검사, PTCS (경피적 담

분포접선력을 받는 탄성지지된 보의 동적 불안정

류봉조(Bong-Jo Ryu),김인우(In-Woo Kim),이규섭(Gyu-Seop Lee),임경빈(Kyung-Bin Yim),최봉문(Bong-Mun Choi) Korean Society for Precision Engineering 1998 한국정밀공학회지 Vol.15 No.10