Mongolian Relations with the Two Koreas in Northeast Asia : Its Implications and Role for Peace and Security on the Korean Peninsula

Batsukh Davaasuren 한국평화연구학회 2007 평화학연구 Vol.8 No.2

Domestic Trade Development of Mongolia in transition period

Batsukh Davaasuren 동아대학교 동아시아연구원 2008 동아시아 : 비교와 전망 Vol.6 No.3

국민들에 대한 재화와 서비스의 공급자로서, 생산자에 대한 지속적인 판매활동의 조정자로서, 기업에 대해서는 원자재, 서비스 등 시장 투입요소의 공급자로서 국내 무역부문은 한 국가의 경제적, 사회적 발전에 매우 가치 있는 공헌을 한다. 중앙계획경제로부터 시장지향적인 경제로 전환되는 초기에 몽골의 국내 무역부문은 다른 경제 부분들처럼 심각한 불황기에 직면하였다. 지난 18년간의 체제 전환기동안 몽골의 국내 무역 발전추이는 두 역사적 시기로 구분 된다: 1) 무역부문의 구조적 변화와 변환기(1989-1999), 2) 안정화 시기(2000년 이래). 본 논문은 1990년대 초의 근본적인 변화가 시작된 이후의 몽골의 국내 무역발전을 개관하고, 보다 구체적으로 두 역사적 단계에서의 국내 무역발전 - 도매업과 소매업 -을 검토한다. The domestic trade sector in the economyhas been making valuable contributions to the economic and social development of the country as a provider of consumer goods and services to the population, and also a regulator of non-stopping sales activities for producers as well as a supplier of raw materials, services and inputs of the market to businesses. In the first years of the transition from a central planned economy to market oriented one, Mongolia’s domestic trade sector faced a great depression, like other key sectors of the economy. The development of the domestic trade in Mongolia during the last 18 years of the transition can be divided into two historical periods, such as 1) the structural changes in the trade sector- the transitional period (1989-1999), and 2) the stabilization period (since 2000). This paper attempts to describe an overview of the Mongolia’s domestic trade development since the starting fundamental changes of the early 1990s and to examine the domestic trade development (pointing the wholesale and retail trade) in the two historical stages in more detail.

Decreased of Alpha-Fetoprotein Level Among Patients with Liver Cirrhosis that Related to HCV Treated with Combination Therapy with Ledipasvir and Sofosbuvir

( Batsukh Dashnyam ),( Bayarmaa Nyamaa ),( Nyam Biziya ),( Oyundelger Munkhtuvshin ) 대한간학회 2020 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2020 No.1

Aims: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is considered one of the most lethal cancers, with most of cases diagnosed at advanced stage. The prevalence of HCC is high in Mongolia with men 116.6 cases and women 74.8 cases per 100,000 person-years. The hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is one of the major causes of chronic hepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in Mongolia. Viral infection with HCV can cause fluctuations in AFP that makes it difficult to differentiate between underlying liver disease and the development of HCC. The lack of specificity has limited the role of serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) screening among patients with cirrhosis related to hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Methods: Here we report 25 cases decreased of AFP level in patients with cirrhosis treated 24 weeks combination therapy with ledipasvir and sofosbuvir between 2017 to 2020 were referred to the Liver Unit, Dornod Medical center Mongolia. All patients had been tested for blood chemistries, liver function markers, such as alanine aminotransferase (ALT), total bilirubin, prothrombin, international normalized ratio (INR), creatinine, AFP and HCV-RNA. Results: Of all patients, fifteen were man and ten were woman. The average age of the testimonies was 53 (between 40 and 67 years). All patients had HCV genotype 1b and had HCV-RNA positive. The combination of the therapy with ledipasvir and sofosbuvir had significantly decreased level of HCV-RNA from 2172560 to not detected (P<0.05), ALT from 119.4 to 28.4 (P<0.05), AFP from 42.8 to 12.2 (P<0.05). Conclusions: In conclusion, the combination of the therapy with ledipasvir and sofosbuvir is decreased AFP level and improved liver function tests in HCV related liver Cirrhosis of those patients.

TOURISM SECTOR DEVELOPMENT IN MONGOLIA AND IT’S PERSPECTIVE

Batsukh DAVAASUREN 동중앙아시아경상학회 2010 한몽경상연구 Vol.21 No.1

Travel and tourism, which is called ‘non- smoked industry’ is now one of the largest industries in the world. For the last 50 years period international tourism in the entire world and in some of its regions has been influenced by many negative occurrences such as radical changes in climate, natural disasters like earthquakes or tsunami, the influenza A(H1N1) virus, HIV and avian flu, social conflicts and regional wars or terrorism. However, the tourism industry in most countries has shown its aptitude to overcome those problems and develop more rapidly. The development of international tourism has been characterized by continuing geographical spread and diversification of tourist destinations. Today tourism is a priority industry for not only developed countries but also many smaller nations around the world such as Mongolia in the belief that it will lead to economic growth. This paper discusses the current situation and development trends of the tourism in Mongolia in relation to Asian region and the rest of the world, accompanied by suggestions on how to improve the international tourism in Mongolia.

The Status of Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) in Remote Eastern Mongolia

( Batsukh Dashnyam ),( Nyam Biziya ),( Oyundelger Munkhtuvshin ) 대한간학회 2017 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2017 No.1

Aims: The prevalence of HCC is high in Mongolia with men 116.6 cases and women 74.8 cases per 100,000 person-years. HCC counts for the 46% of leading cancers. Dornod Medical Centre, Choibalsan is the major medical center in the three Eastern Provinces. The HCC patients in the Sukhbaatar and Dornod Province count for 3rd and 4th places in Mongolia. Methods: 160 patients were diagnosed to be HCC at the Dornod Medical Centre by using sonography from 2012 to 2014. 86 of them with available serum AFP levels were enrolled and compared. Less than a-half patients had computed tomography (CT) to confirm the HCC. Magnetic Resonance Imaging, angiography, hepatitis markers and liver biopsy are not available in the Dornod Medical Centre. Results: The age of patients was as 46-55 (25.5%), 56 -65 (29%), 66-75 (20.9%) and the greater numbers were patients age 76 and older (16.2%). 44 (51%) of them were male and 42 (49%) were female. There were detected 18 (20.9%) of liver cancer in size < 3 cm, 28 (32%) sized 3-5 cm and 40 (46.5%) sized > 5 cm across. Conclusions: The prevalence of HCC in Eastern Mongolia is high. The laboratory tests and image studies are limited in this region. Most patients are not able to afford the medical expense. The accurate diagnosis and treatment are difficult. Most patients are referred to the capital Ulaanbaatar 700 km far away. Much more resources are in-needed to help the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of HCC in the Eastern Mongolia.

Decreased of Alpha-fetoprotein Level Among Patients with Liver Cirrhosis that related to HCV Treated with Combination Therapy with Ledipasvir and Sofosbuvir

( Batsukh Dashnyam ),( Bayarmaa Nyamaa ),( Nyam Biziya ),( Oyundelger Munkhtuvshin ) 대한간학회 2018 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2018 No.1

Aims: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is considered one of the most lethal cancers, with most of cases diagnosed at advanced stage. The prevalence of HCC is high in Mongolia with men 116.6 cases and women 74.8 cases per 100,000 person-years. The hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is one of the major causes of chronic hepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in Mongolia. Viral infection with HCV can cause fluctuations in AFP that makes it difficult to differentiate between underlying liver disease and the development of HCC. The lack of specificity has limited the role of serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) screening among patients with cirrhosis related to hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Methods: Here we report 5 cases decreased of AFP level in patients with cirrhosis treated 24 weeks combination therapy with ledipasvir and sofosbuvir between 2017 to 2018 were referred to the Liver Unit, Dornod Medical center Mongolia. All patients had been tested for blood chemistries, liver function markers, such as alanine aminotransferase (ALT), total bilirubin, prothrombin, international normalized ratio (INR), creatinine, AFP and HCV-RNA. Results: Of all patients, 53 were men (44.9%) and 68 were women (56.1%). The avarage age was 44 (between 16 and 70 years). Anti-HDV was positive in 75% (91/121) and all were checked for HDV RNA and 100% were found positive (91/91) all of the patients. HBV-DNA detected in111 all of the 121 patients. Mean HBV-DNA level was 1590177.877 IU/ml. The mean HBV-DNA level in the anti-HDV-positive patients were significantly lower than in the anti-HDV-negative patients (P<0.001). There were 65 patients with cirrhosis (54%) in the study group. Anti-HDV seroprevalence and HDV RNA presence were higher in those with cirrhosis 42 (64%). HDV-RNA-positive patients had significantly higher ALT (94 U/L) levels when compared to HDV-RNA-negative patients. Conclusions: Our study showed hepatitis delta virus infection in HBsAg positive patients who live in Eastern province Mongolia higher than other province of Mongolia.

Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Acute Hepatitis Delta in Mongolia

( Badamnachin Batsukh ),( Munkhchuluun Batzaya ),( Ganbold Sarangua ),( Ochir Chimedsuren ),( Oidov Baatarkhuu ) 대한간학회 2021 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2021 No.1

몽골의 초지현황

Sh. Batsukh 한국토지법학회 2008 土地法學 Vol.24 No.1

몽골 시장에서 한국 드라마에 대한 태도가 한국 국가 이미지, 기업 및 제품 이미지 형성에 미치는 영향 연구

어드만드흐(Batsukh Odmandakh),이기성(Kee-Sung Lee),진창현(Chang-Hyun Jin) 한국콘텐츠학회 2016 한국콘텐츠학회논문지 Vol.16 No.12

본 연구는 몽골에서 한국 TV 드라마에 대한 태도가 한국 국가이미지, 기업, 제품이미지, 제품에 대한 신뢰 및 구매의도에 미치는 영향 관계를 파악하기 위한 것이다. 몽골 소비자를 대상으로 설문이 실시되었고 총 유효한 설문지 304부를 실증분석에 사용하였다. 연구가설 검증 결과로는, 한국 드라마에 대한 긍정적인 태도는 제품이미지에 유의한 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 한국 드라마에 대한 태도가 제품 이미지를 구성하는 요소들인 품질, 기술 수준, 디자인까지 유의한 영향을 주고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 한국 드라마에 대한 긍정적인 태도는 기업이미지에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 한국 드라마에 대한 긍정적인 태도는 한국 기업이미지의 구성요소인 기업 인지도, 기업 문화, 기업 기술력 그리고 기업의 국제경쟁력까지 유의한 영향을 주고 있는 것으로 드러났다. 또한 한국 드라마 시청을 통한 태도 형성은 한국의 국가이미지에 유의한 영향 관계가 있다. 한국 제품이미지, 국가이미지가 좋을수록 한국 제품에 대한 신뢰 및 구매의도에 높은 것으로 나타났다. 몽골 시장에서 한국 드라마에 대한 긍정적인 태도 형성이 한국 국가 이미지, 한국기업 이미지, 한국 제품 이미지, 한국 제품에 대한 신뢰 및 구매의도에 있어 실질적 효과가 있다. The purpose of the study is to explore the attitude of the Korean television drama in mongolia market impact Korea country image, corporate and product’s image formation. The research is conducted effects of Korean image, its company, product and belief of its product and influence of procurement of Korean products in Mongolia in terms of Mongolian has enormously watched Korean drama since latest of 1990. Korean drama can influence Korean products image. Watching Korean drama can influence view of Mongolian in quality of Korean products, design etc. Korean dramas can affect images of Korean company. Watching Korean drama can influence opinion of Mongolian in staff, culture, level of technique of Korean company moreover, competitiveness of Korean company in international market and etc. Korean drama can influence Korean image. Watching Korean drama can reach aspect of Mongolian in Korean education level, national security, reconstruction and income of population and etc. The most effective factor in product reliability and procurement was country image but company image cannot influence that. In conclusion according to survey result within Mongolian customers that Korean drama has some influence in Korean image, its company image, product image, and product reliability and procurement of Korean product.

Epidemiological and Clinical Follow-Up Study Among Patients with Acute Viral Hepatitis B in Mongolia

( Badamnachin Batsukh ),( Munkhchuluun Batzaya ),( Ganbold Sarangua ),( Ochir Chimedsuren ),( Oidov Baatarkhuu ) 대한간학회 2021 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2021 No.1