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2,5-Hexanedione induces apoptosis via a mitochondriamediated pathway in PC12 cells
Yuan Qi,Shuang-yue Li,Feng-yuan Piao,Zhe-min Wang,Ruo-lin Chen,Shuang Liu,Jing-shun Shen 대한독성 유전단백체 학회 2015 Molecular & cellular toxicology Vol.11 No.1
2,5-Hexanedione (HD) is the main active metabolite of n-hexane and mediates the neurotoxicity of the parent compound. Studies suggested that apoptosis involved in HD neurotoxicity. However, the mechanism of HD-induced neuronal apoptosis remains unknown. To explore its underlying mechanism, we treated PC12 cells with 5, 10 and 20 mM HD for 24 h, respectively. We found that HD induced apoptotic death in PC12 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, HD down-regulated Bcl-2 expression, up-regulated Bax expression and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, promoted the disruption of mitochondrial transmembrane potential, induced the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria, and increased the activity of caspase-3 in PC12 cells, which were all the key regulators of intrinsic apoptotic pathway. These results indicate that HD induces apoptosis via a mitochondria- mediated pathway in PC12 cells.
Li, Yuanqi,Luo, Jinhui,Fu, Xueyi Council on Tall Building and Urban Habitat Korea 2018 International journal of high-rise buildings Vol.7 No.3
Two novel types of construction detailings, including using the distributive beam and the inner ring diaphragm in the joint between large-section CFT columns and outrigger truss to enhance the transferring efficiency of huge vertical load, and using the T-shaped stiffeners in the steel tube of large-section CFT columns to promote the local buckling capacity of steel tubes, were tested to investigate their working mechanism and design methods. Experimental results show that the co-working performance between steel tube and inner concrete could be significantly improved by setting the distributive beam and the inner ring diaphragm which can transfer the vertical load directly in the large-section CFT columns. Meanwhile, the T-shaped stiffeners are very helpful to improve the local bulking performance of steel tubes in the column components by the composite action of T-shaped stiffeners together with the core concrete under the range of flange of T-shaped stiffeners. These two approaches can result in a lower steel cost in comparison to normal steel reinforced concrete columns. Finally, a practical engineering case was introduced to illustrate the economy benefits achieved by using the two typical detailings.
Correction strategy of fuel injection quantity during pilot-main injection for common rail system
Yun Bai,Yuanqi Gu,Qi Lan,Liyun Fan,Xiuzhen Ma 대한기계학회 2020 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.34 No.6
Common rail system is a key technology of energy saving and emission reduction for modern diesel engines. Multiple injection, as one of the most interesting features of common rail system, allows both optimal fuel consumption and exhaust emissions. In order to explore the method for controlling the fluctuation of fuel injection quantity during multiple injection, experiments have been carried out in this paper, focusing on pilot-main injection. The high pressure fuel circuits of the system have been equivalent to a spring-mass vibration system. Comparison with the experiment shows that the proposed fluctuation equation can reasonably predict the fluctuation characteristics of main injection quantity with pilot-main injection interval. The correction control strategy for the main injection quantity fluctuation has been proposed, in which the relative damping coefficient, rail pressure, pilot-main injection interval and main injection pulse width are chosen as the input variables. The experimental results with different rail pressure and main injection quantity show that the fluctuation of injection quantity during pilotmain injection can be controlled effectively by the proposed correction strategy. The maximum average fluctuation of main injection quantity decreases by as much as 44.66 %.
Luo Guimei,Zhao Yuanqi,Yuan Zhouwei,Zhang Ni,Song Yue-Hua 한국응용곤충학회 2023 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.26 No.4
Kapsa arca and Alnetoidia dujuanensis, which belong to erythroneurine leafhoppers (Cicadellidae and Typhlo cybinae), are economic pests with the characteristics of a large number of small individuals and wide distri bution. Analysis of the complete mitochondrial genome sequence and phylogenetic relationships of the leafhopper will help not only in its identification but also in its control. In this work, two mitochondrial gene sequences from K. arca and A. dujuanensis were sequenced, analyzed, and used to explore the phylogenetic re lationships of the tribe. The lengths of the K. arca and A. dujuanensis genomes were 15,594 bp and 15,375 bp, respectively, and all contained a noncoding control region, two ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs), 22 transfer RNAs (tRNAs), and 13 PCGs. Most protein-coding genes end with TAA or TAG and start with ATN, with AT skew exhibiting a positive skew and GC skew exhibiting a negative skew. The mitotic genomes of K. arca and A. dujuanensis are similar in structure to those of other leafhoppers and are conserved. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that K. arca forms a sister group with Elbelus tripunctatus, and A. dujuanensis forms a sister group with Kaukania anser, but Zyginellini and Typhlocybini, which should branch separately, are interrelated and cannot form separate branches. The result differs from previous studies. The results indicated that the two species, K. arca and A. dujuanensis, should belong to the same tribe, the Erythroneurini leafhoppers, but should be grouped into different genera. A time-calibrated phylogeny estimated the earliest divergence time of Eryth roneurini, Empoascini, Typhlocybini, and Zyginellini.
Wei Peng,Jian Zhang,Da Chang,Zhuo-Wen Shen,Yuanqi Shang,Donghui Song,Qiu Ge,Xuchu Weng,Ze Wang 대한자기공명의과학회 2017 Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging Vol.21 No.4
Purpose: Caffeine is the most widely consumed psychostimulant. It is often adopted as a tool to modulate brain activations in fMRI studies. However, its pharmaceutical effect on task-induced deactivation has not been fully examined in fMRI. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the effect of caffeine on both activation and deactivation under sustained attention. Materials and Methods: Task fMRI was acquired from 26 caffeine naive healthy volunteers before and after taking caffeine pill (200 mg). Results: Statistical analysis showed an increase in cognition-load dependent task activation but a decrease in load dependent de-activation after caffeine ingestion. Increase of attention and memory task activation and its load-dependence suggest a beneficial effect of caffeine on the brain even though it has no overt behavior improvement. The reduction of deactivation by caffeine and its load-dependence indicate reduced facilitation from task-negative networks. Conclusion: Caffeine affects brain activity in a load-dependent manner accompanied by a disassociation between task-positive network and task-negative network.
Peng, Wei,Zhang, Jian,Chang, Da,Shen, Zhuo-Wen,Shang, Yuanqi,Song, Donghui,Ge, Qiu,Weng, Xuchu,Wang, Ze Korean Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine 2017 Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging Vol.21 No.4
Purpose: Caffeine is the most widely consumed psychostimulant. It is often adopted as a tool to modulate brain activations in fMRI studies. However, its pharmaceutical effect on task-induced deactivation has not been fully examined in fMRI. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the effect of caffeine on both activation and deactivation under sustained attention. Materials and Methods: Task fMRI was acquired from 26 caffeine naive healthy volunteers before and after taking caffeine pill (200 mg). Results: Statistical analysis showed an increase in cognition-load dependent task activation but a decrease in load dependent de-activation after caffeine ingestion. Increase of attention and memory task activation and its load-dependence suggest a beneficial effect of caffeine on the brain even though it has no overt behavior improvement. The reduction of deactivation by caffeine and its load-dependence indicate reduced facilitation from task-negative networks. Conclusion: Caffeine affects brain activity in a load-dependent manner accompanied by a disassociation between task-positive network and task-negative network.