Infestation and Related Ecology of Chigger Mites on the Asian House Rat (Rattus tanezumi) in Yunnan Province, Southwest China

Fan Ding,Wen-Li Jiang,Xian-Guo Guo,Rong Fan,Cheng-Fu Zhao,Zhi-Wei Zhang,Ke-Yu Mao,Rong Xiang 대한기생충학열대의학회 2021 The Korean Journal of Parasitology Vol.59 No.4

Pore Structure Identification Method for Pervious Concrete based on Improved UNet and Fusion Algorithm

Fan Yu,Kailang Li,Hua Zhang,Rui Zhang,Zhang Gao,Yubin Huang 대한토목학회 2023 KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering Vol.27 No.11

This paper aims to establish an automatic and accurate pore identification method for pervious concrete. The residual module and mixed loss functions were introduced to the original UNet network to obtain the improved UNet. CT scanning was conducted on the six groups of pervious concrete samples with different aggregate sizes to obtain the initial dataset. The initial dataset was marked and enhanced, and then the pore recognition model was trained. The influence of image brightness and contrast on pore identification was analyzed. The fusion algorithm was used to improve the robustness of the model. The results show that during model training, R-UNet began to converge 20 epochs earlier than UNet and the loss value was smaller. Moreover, the maximum increase of mIoU and mDice was 10.3% and 11.7% respectively, and the maximum decrease of mHD was 14.1%. The fusion algorithm could improve the segmentation accuracy of pores in brightness anomaly images. Compared with threshold segmentation method, the method proposed in this paper could improve the accuracy of pore edge segmentation and the “fine pores” identification, and reduced the pore identification defects. The value of mHD was decreased by 48.7% − 72.4%, and the efficiency of pore identification was greatly improved.

Ordered Arrays of Dual-Diameter Nanopillars for Maximized Optical Absorption

Fan, Zhiyong,Kapadia, Rehan,Leu, Paul W.,Zhang, Xiaobo,Chueh, Yu-Lun,Takei, Kuniharu,Yu, Kyoungsik,Jamshidi, Arash,Rathore, Asghar A.,Ruebusch, Daniel J.,Wu, Ming,Javey, Ali American Chemical Society 2010 Nano letters Vol.10 No.10

<P>Optical properties of highly ordered Ge nanopillar arrays are tuned through shape and geometry control to achieve the optimal absorption efficiency. Increasing the Ge materials filling ratio is shown to increase the reflectance while simultaneously decreasing the transmittance, with the absorbance showing a strong diameter dependency. To enhance the broad band optical absorption efficiency, a novel dual-diameter nanopillar structure is presented, with a small diameter tip for minimal reflectance and a large diameter base for maximal effective absorption coefficient. The enabled single-crystalline absorber material with a thickness of only 2 μm exhibits an impressive absorbance of ∼99% over wavelengths, λ = 300−900 nm. These results enable a viable and convenient route toward shape-controlled nanopillar-based high-performance photonic devices.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/nalefd/2010/nalefd.2010.10.issue-10/nl1010788/production/images/medium/nl-2010-010788_0005.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/nl1010788'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>

Inactivation of recombinant human brain-type creatine kinase during denaturation by guanidine hydrochloride in a macromolecular crowding system.

Fan, Yong-Qiang,Liu, Hong-Jian,Li, Chang,Luan, Yu-Shi,Yang, Jun-Mo,Wang, Yu-Long Humana Press 2013 Applied biochemistry and biotechnology Vol.169 No.1

<P>In this study, we quantitatively examined the effects of the macromolecular crowding agents, polyethylene glycol 2000 (PEG 2000) and dextran 70, on guanidine hydrochloride (GdnHCl)-induced denaturation of recombinant human brain-type creatine kinase (rHBCK). Our results showed that both PEG 2000 and dextran 70 had a protective effect on the inactivation of rHBCK induced by 0.5 M GdnHCl at 25 C. The presence of 200 g/L PEG 2000 resulted in the retention of 35.33 % of rHBCK activity after 4 h of inactivation, while no rHBCK activity was observed after denaturation in the absence of macromolecular crowding agents. The presence of PEG 2000 and dextran 70 at a concentration of 100 g/L could decelerate the k (2) value of the slow track to 21 and 33 %, respectively, in comparison to values obtained in the absence of crowding agents. Interestingly, inactivation of rHBCK in the presence of 200 g/L PEG 2000 followed first-order monophasic kinetics, with an apparent rate constant of 8??10(-5)?s(-1). The intrinsic fluorescence results showed that PEG 2000 was better than dextran 70 at stabilizing rHBCK conformation. In addition, the results of the phase diagram indicate that more intermediates may be captured when rHBCK is denatured in a macromolecular crowding system. Mixed crowding agents did not produce better results than single crowding agents, but the protective effects of PEG 2000 on the inactivation and unfolding of rHBCK tended to increase as the ratio of PEG 2000 increased in the mixed crowding agent solution. Though it is not clear which crowding agents more accurately simulated the intracellular environment, this study could lead to a better understanding of protein unfolding in the intracellular environment.</P>

Identification and comparative analysis of piRNAs in ovary and testis of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

Fan Yu,Xi Gan,Yi Zhou,Huan Zhong,Jun Xiao,Jinpeng Yan,Yongju Luo 한국유전학회 2016 Genes & Genomics Vol.38 No.6

It has been shown that piRNA is the largest class of small non-coding RNA in germline cells of animals which plays key roles in transposons regulation and transcriptional activities. In the present study, piRNAs from two small RNA libraries including ovary and testis of Nile tilapia were identified and characterized. By length and k-mer based small RNA prediction algorithm, 279,059 and 583,230 small RNA reads were confirmed as piRNA from ovary and testis, respectively. The identified piRNAs showed evolutionarily conserved characterization, such as uridine bias in the 50 ends. The 142,961 and 296,775 piRNAs from ovary and testis were mapped to the draft assembly of the tilapia genome, respectively. Both ovary and testis piRNAs were enriched from linkage (LG)6 and LG7. Meanwhile, the even distribution of ?strand and -strand suggested the Ping–pong pathway (a double-displacement reaction of ?strand and -strand) hypothesis. These piRNAs were derived from the upstream -2 kb and downstream ?2 kb as well as gene regions which suggested a regulatory function on transcription activities. In gene regions, abundant piRNAs were derived from 50UTR, 30UTR and CDS. Furthermore, we characterized the differentially expressed piRNAs between ovary and testis. In total, 1979 and 2453 piRNAs were significantly higher and lower expressed in ovary compared to that in testis, respectively. Thereinto, the most concentrated up-regulate and down-regulate piRNAs were both from serine/threonine– protein kinase PIM genes of different transcripts. These findings will be helpful to facilitate studies on the piRNAs regulation on genes during gonad development of teleosts.

Preparation of 5-fluorouracil-loaded Nanoparticles and Study of Interaction with Gastric Cancer Cells

Fan, Yu-Ling,Fan, Bing-Yu,Li, Qiang,Di, Hai-Xiao,Meng, Xiang-Yu,Ling, Na Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.18

Aims: To prepare 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu) nanoparticles with higher encapsulation efficiency and drug loading, and then investigate interaction with the SGC-7901 gastric cancer cell line. Materials and Methods: Prescription was optimized by orthogonal experiments, the encapsulation efficiency and loading capacity were tested by high-performance liquid chromatography, and inhibition of proliferation by 5-Fu nanoparticles and 5-Fu given to cells for 24, 48 and 72 hours was investigated by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay (MTT). In addition, 5-Fu nanoparticles were labeled by fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC), and absorption into cells was tested by flow cytometry. Results: The optimal conditions for preparation were concentrations of 5-Fu of 5mg/ml, of $CaCl_2$ of 60 mg/ml and of chitosan of 2 mg/ml. With a stirring speed of 1200rpm, encapsulation efficiency of 5-Fu nanoparticles was $55.4{\pm}1.10%$ and loading capacity was $4.22{\pm}0.14%$; gastric cancer cells were significantly inhibited by 5-Fu nanoparticles in a time and concentration dependent manner, and compared to 5-Fu with slower drug release, in a certain concentration range, inhibition with 5-Fu nanoparticles was stronger. 5-Fu nanoparticles were absorbed by the cells in line with the concentration. Conclusions: 5-Fu nanoparticles can inhibit growth of gastric cancer cells in vitro to a greater extent than with 5-Fu with good adsorption characteristics, supporting feasibility as a carrier.

Dynamic Rheological Behavior, Processability and Mechanical Properties of PVC/Butyl Acrylate-grafted-Methyl Methacrylate/Styrene Blends

Yu Fan,Hailong Zhang,Guangfeng Wu,Huixuan Zhang 한국고분자학회 2015 폴리머 Vol.39 No.6

Core-shell structured grafted copolymer particles of butyl acrylate (BA) grafted methyl methacrylate (MMA) and styrene (St) monomers (ACR-g-St) were prepared by seed emulsion polymerization. Poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC)/ACR-g-St blends were proposed. The fusion properties, dynamic mechanical behavior, rheological behavior, mechanical properties and morphology of blends were characterized by a torque rheometer, dynamic mechanical analyzer (DMA), rotational rheometer, universal mechanical testing machine and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results showed that the ACR-g-St particles accelerated the fusion of PVC resins, but the equilibrium torque increased slightly. The storage modulus (G′), loss modulus (G″) and complex viscosity (η<SUP>*</SUP>) of melts exhibited a monotonic changing with frequency and all had minimum values when ACR-g-St content was 16 phr. The tensile and impact strength were highest at 8 phr content of ACR-g-St. ACR-g-St not only can be used as an efficient impact aid but also plays a role of lubricant, which is helpful for PVC processing.

Fabrication of recyclable UiO-66-NH2/PVDF hybrid fibrous membrane for Cr(VI) removal in wastewater

Fan Yu,Liusha Cen,Caihong Lei,Feichao Zhu,Lan Zhou,Hailin Zhu,Bin Yu 한국공업화학회 2023 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.123 No.-

Efficient and recyclable water treatment technology plays a vital role in practical application of Cr(Ⅵ)removal. Zr-based metal–organic framework (UiO-66-NH2) is widely used in wastewater treatmentdue to its water stability. Powdery UiO-66-NH2 has disadvantages of easy aggregation, reclamation difficultyand secondary pollution. In this work, UiO-66-NH2 was successfully loaded on electrospunpolyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) fibers by in-situ growth to achieve efficient adsorption and photoreductionof Cr(Ⅵ). Grooved surface of PVDF fibers and truncated octahedron shape of UiO-66-NH2 ensuredthe loading uniformity and firmness. The loading rate and size of UiO-66-NH2 crystals increased withthe amount of trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) in the preparation process. Meantime, the introduction of TFAin synthesis was conducive to the separation efficiency of photogenerated carries. When the additionamount of TFA was 5 ml, UiO-PVDF-3 with loading rate of 44.8% exhibited best Cr(VI) adsorption andphotocatalysis performance. For the pure adsorption process, the adsorption capacity of UiO-PVDF-3 at90 min was 3.76 mg/cm2, and the corresponding removal rate was 95.8%. When visible light was applied,the Cr(VI) removal rate for UiO-PVDF-3 reached to about 95.0% at 45 min. Furthermore, regenerationexperiments showed UiO-PVDF-3 had excellent adsorption and photocatalysis reusability. Based on thismethod, synthesized UiO-66-NH2/PVDF hybrid membrane as a bifunctional material for adsorption andphotocatalysis realizes the reuse of UiO-66-NH2 crystals conveniently and avoids secondary pollutionduring Cr(VI) wastewater treatment.

Neuropeptides SP and CGRP Underlie the Electrical Properties of Acupoints

Fan, Yu,Kim, Do-Hee,Ryu, Yeonhee,Chang, Suchan,Lee, Bong Hyo,Yang, Chae Ha,Kim, Hee Young Frontiers Media S.A. 2018 Frontiers in neuroscience Vol.12 No.-

<P>Electrical skin measurements at acupuncture points (acupoints) have been utilized as a diagnostic and therapeutic aid for more than 50 years. Although acupoints are described as having distinct electrical properties, such as high conductance and low impedance, the underlying mechanisms are currently unknown. The present study investigated in a rat model of hypertension whether the high conductance at acupoints is a result of the release of the neuropeptides substance P (SP) and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) during neurogenic inflammation in the referred pain area. When plasma extravasation from neurogenic inflammation was examined by exploring the leakage of intravenously injected Evans blue dye (EBD) to the skin, extravasated EBD was found most frequently in acupoints on the wrist. The increased conductance and temperature at these acupoints occurred during the development of hypertension. The increase in conductance and plasma extravasation at acupoints in hypertensive rats was ablated by cutting median and ulnar nerves, blocking small diameter afferent fibers with resiniferatoxin (RTX) injection into median and ulnar nerves, or antagonizing SP or CGRP receptors in acupoints. In turn, intradermal injection of SP or CGRP resulted in increased conductance and plasma extravasation in naïve rats. Elevated levels of SP and CGRP were found in the acupoints of hypertensive rats. These findings suggest that the high conductance at acupoints is due to vascular leakage following local release of SP and CGRP during neurogenic inflammation.</P>

中國大陸地區衙門建築之文化研究述評

Fan Xiao yu(范小渝) 경북대학교 아시아연구소 2018 아시아연구 Vol.- No.22

아문(관청) 건축은 풍부한 문화 함의를 내포하고 있는데, 관련 저작은 많지 않고, 논문은 주로 아문 건축의 건축 문화 · 정치 문화와 사법 문화를 둘러싼 세 가지 각도에서 연구가 진행되고 있다. 아문 건축은 전통 중국 건축 종류의 일종이며, 풍부한 건축 문화 의의를 구비하고 있다. 관련 건축문화연구는 주로 아문 건축의 원류 · 분포와 형성 제작을 둘러싸고 진행되었고, 그 원류는 선진(先秦) 시대로 거슬러 올라가며, 건축 배치는 정치와 풍수 관념의 영향도 받았는데, 변천 과정을 거쳐 명청(明清) 시기에 정형화가 이루어졌다. 이외 아문 건축의 품격 역시 지역적 특징을 보유하고 있으며, 획일적인 전제 하에서 아문 건축 형성 제작에 남북 간 일정한 차이는 존재하였다. 아문 건축은 전통 중국의 관방 건축이며, 정치 문화 의의를 포함하고 있다. 관련 정치 문화 연구 중에서도 아문 건축의 배치와 형성 제작을 주목하였다. 그러나 예제(禮制: 국가 규정의 예법)와 구체적인 정치 기능에 중점을 두었으며, 이외에 아문 중의 편액영련(匾額楹聯)과 계석명(戒石銘) 등 관잠(官箴: 중국의 지방 관리가 지방행정을 위하여 필요한 사항을 기록한 책)성 건축으로 진행되었다. 본고는 관잠(官箴)이 민본 사상을 체현하고, 관원을 경고하는 역할을 하고 있으나, 그것이 과연 실효성이 있는가에 대해서는 찬반 의견이 존재한다고 인식하고 있다. 이는 현재의 청렴풍조 수립에 계몽적인 역할을 하고 있다. 아문 건축은 전통 중국의 사법 심판 장소였고, 농후한 사법 문화 의의를 구비하였다. 관련 사법 문화연구는 주로 아문 건축의 전체와 부분 두 개의 각도에서 진행되었다. 전체적인 시각에서 어떤 논자는 아문 건축과 사법 의식이 애민교화(愛民教化)와 폭력의 역설적인 형상을 널리 드러내었고, 전통 중국 외유내법(外儒內法: 겉으로는 유가를 부르짖지만 속은 옹골찬 법가)의 문화 특징을 반영하였다고 인식하고 있다. 어떤 논자는 친민(親民) · 교화(敎化)와 화해의 3대사법 이념을 체현하고, 예제(禮制)의 실현이며, 사법은 법치내용의 일부분이라고 주장하였다. 또 다른 논자는 전통 사법 건축과 사법 의식 중에 특정한 정의 관념이 포함되어 있으며, 현재의 관념으로 바꿀 수 없으므로 공감의 이해가 필요하다고 주장하고 있다. 부분적인 차원에서 아문을 연구하는 자들은 주로 아문의 감옥 · 옥신묘(獄神廟)와 편액영련(匾額楹聯)에 대해 연구를 진행하였다. 현재의 연구 성과는 전통 문화 연구를 위하여 새로운 시각을 제공하고, 초보 이론을 도출하며, 연구 자료를 풍성하게 하나 연구는 깊이가 여전히 부족하다. 그러므로 아문 건축이 함유하고 있는 문화원리를 더 깊은 곳에서 도출해야 하고, 아문 건축 재료를 충분히 활용하며, 재료의 진위를 분별하고, 실지를 고찰해야 한다. There contains rich cultural resources in Yamen architecture research, there are not many related works, and the paper literature is opposite, which its work mainly revolves Yamen building such views as architecture, politic, and judiciary. Yamen architecture is one of the traditional types of Chinese architecture, which has flourish architectural cultural significance. The study of architectural culture is mainly carried out around the origin, layout and shape of the Yamen architecture, which can be traced back to the pre-Qin Dynasty. The layout is influenced by politics and geomantic ideas, and the shape system has evolved over the past dynasties, eventually, be finalized between Ming and Qing dynasties; In addition, the style of Yamen architecture also has regional characteristics, and there, with premise of uniform form, are some differences between the north and south of china. Tusi Yamen architecture also has regional, ethnic and religious characteristics. Yamen architecture is a traditional official building in China, containing connotation both politics and culture. In the study of political culture, it also pays attention to its layout and shape, which more focuses on the ritual system and concrete political function; in addition, it mainly revolves around the inscription on the plaque couplets of the Yamen and its official buildings such as the stone inscriptions, precepts caved on stone inscriptions. Critics believe that the precepts caved on stone inscriptions reflects the peopleoriented thought, with function of warning officials, but there are two different views on whether it has actual effect, which is very enlightening for the current construction of government with transparent and credible traits. The Yamen building is the traditional Chinese site for judicial trial, which it is significant on judicial culture. The study of judicial culture is mainly initiated from the whole and part of the Yamen building. In the entire perspective, some people think that the Yamen’s judicial ceremony and its buildings is the paradoxical image mixing with the love for people and the deterrence of violence, but reflects the traditional-Chinese-cultural pattern manifested on Confucianism as authorism is inside; Some people also think that it embodies the three judicial concepts such as kinship, education and litigation, which is a reflection of the etiquette system, in other words, judicature is a part of the pattern of rule by virtue. Some people believe that the traditional judicial architecture and ceremony contains a specific concept of justice, which cannot be replaced by the present concept, needs sympathetic understanding. In the local point of view, the researcher mainly demonstrate such perspectives as the prison, prison temple and plaque couplets. The existing research results provide a new perspective for the study of traditional culture, broaden the path of cultural research, and contribute to the research methods. However, the research is not comprehensive or in-depth enough, and the theoretical contribution is insufficient. Researchers still need to strengthen the field investigation and the selection of materials. 衙門建築蘊含豐富的文化內涵,相關的著作不多,諭文文獻則相反,其主要圍繞衙門建築的建築文化、政治文化和司法文化三個角度而進行。衙門建築是傳統中國建築類別的一種,具有豐富的建築文化意義。有關建築文化的研究主要圍繞著衙門建築的源流、佈局和形制而進行,其源可上溯至先秦,佈局受到政治和風水觀念的影響,形制則歷代有所演變,至明清而定型;此外衙門建築的風格也具有地域性特徵,在形制劃一的前提下,南北之間存在一定差異,土司衙門建築還兼具地域、民族和宗教特色。衙門建築是傳統中國的官式建築,飽含政治丈化意義。有關政治文化的研究中也關注衙門建築的佈局和形制,但其側重於禮制和具體的政治功能,此外主要圍繞衙門中的匾額楹聯和戒石銘等官箴性建築而進行,諭者認為官箴體現出民本思想,具有警示官員的作用,但對其是否具有實效則有贊成和反對兩種不同觀點,這對於當前的廉政建設很