Efficacy of a Topical Gelatin-Thrombin Matrix Sealant in Reducing Postoperative Drainage Following Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion

Quan You Li,이오성,한호성,김강운,Chee Kean Lee,강성식,이명호,조현국,김호중,염진섭 대한척추외과학회 2015 Asian Spine Journal Vol.9 No.6

Study Design: Retrospective fusion level(s)-, age-, and gender-matched analysis. Purpose: To determine whether the application of a topical gelatin-thrombin matrix sealant (Floseal) at the end of anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) can reduce the amount of postoperative hemorrhage. Overview of Literature: The effect of the matrix sealant in decreasing postoperative hemorrhage following ACDF has not been reported. Methods: Matrix sealant was (n=116, study group) or was not applied (n=58, control group) at the end of ACDF. Patients were selected by 1:2 matching criteria of fusion level(s), age, and gender. Seven parameters described below were compared between the two groups. Results: The total drain amount for the first 24 hours (8±9 versus 27±22 mL), total drain amount until the 8-hour drainage decreased to ≤10 mL (8±10 versus 33±26 mL), and the total drain amount until 6 AM on the first postoperative day (7±8 versus 24±20 mL) were significantly lower in the study group than the control group (all p <0.001). The time for the 8-hour drainage to decrease to ≤10 mL was significantly lower in the study group (10±5 versus 26±14 hours, p <0.001). The 8-hour drainage decreased to ≤10 mL on the operation day in most patients (88%) in the study group versus mostly on the first (48%) or second (33%) postoperative day in the control group (p <0.001). The total drain amount until 6 AM on the first postoperative day was 0 mL in 43% of patients in the study group and in 7% in the control group (p <0.001). No patient in either group required hematoma evacuation. Conclusions: Application of the topical matrix sealant at the end of ACDF can significantly reduce the amount of postoperative hemorrhage.

중국 범주강삼각주 지역 한국 문학 교육의 현황과 문학 교육 방안 연구

전우 ( Quan You ),강수 ( Jiang Shuai ) 이중언어학회 2017 이중언어학 Vol.69 No.-

About the literary education as way of the Korean language education. Two kinds of the linguistics. In the study, all of the scholars sympathize with the importance of literary education in the Korean language education as a foreign language. But, nowadays among the considerable universities, there is n’t much literary education or it maybe taught within 72 hours during one or two semesters if there is. In such a short time, we can’t get a satisfied effect. In the one hand, it should develop the ability of appreciating the literary and make the students have a good command of the culture of the Korean society. On the other hand, it should also reach the goal of the development of the communication ability in Korean. In this study, in order to reach the goals above, firstly we look at the present condition of the Korean literary education in Pan-Pearl River Delta. According to the actual condition, we present the solution for the problems in literary education and sought for the way of teaching and learning the Korean literary education. (Guangdong University of Roreign Studies CAMPUS Asia·Seoul National University)

Research Models of the Nanoparticle-Mediated Drug Delivery across the Blood–Brain Barrier

Li Quan-You,Lee Jung-Hwan,Kim Hae-Won,김광진 한국조직공학과 재생의학회 2021 조직공학과 재생의학 Vol.18 No.6

Brain diseases and damages come in many forms such as neurodegenerative diseases, tumors, and stroke. Millions of people currently suffer from neurological diseases worldwide. While Challenges of current diagnosis and treatment for neurological diseases are the drug delivery to the central nervous system. The Blood–Brain Barrier (BBB) limits the drug from reaching the targeted site thus showing poor effects. Nanoparticles that have advantage of the assembly at the nanoscale of available biomaterials can provide a delivery platform with potential to raising brain levels of either imaging therapeutic drugs or imaging. Therefore, successful modeling of the BBB is another crucial factor for the development of nanodrugs. In this review, we analyze the in vitro and in vivo findings achieved in various models, and outlook future development of nanodrugs for the successful treatment of brain diseases and damages.

Single-Position Robotic-Assisted Prone Lateral Fusion: Technical Description and Feasibility

Yeo Quan You,Pham Martin H.,Oh Jacob Yoong-Leong 대한척추외과학회 2024 Asian Spine Journal Vol.18 No.1

Single-position lateral interbody fusion surgery has gained traction over the years because of reduced surgical time and improved operating theater workflow. With the introduction of robotics in spine surgery, surgeons can place pedicle screws with a high degree of accuracy and efficiency; moreover, the robot allows us to localize the disk space and perform endplate preparation accurately with minimal radiation. In this study, we discuss the potential synergistic benefits of integrating robotic-assisted spine surgery and singleposition prone lateral surgery. We share our technique and provide the operative nuances of using the Mazor X Stealth Edition system (Medtronic, Minneapolis, MN, USA). We highlighted the potential synergistic benefits of integrating both the prone lateral and robotic-assisted surgical techniques, including the challenges encountered. This approach is not meant to replace other techniques or be used in all patients. Instead, it adds to our arsenal for managing spine fusion.

Biomechanical analysis of lumbar decompression surgery in relation to degenerative changes in the lumbar spine – Validated finite element analysis

Li, Quan You,Kim, Ho-Joong,Son, Juhyun,Kang, Kyoung-Tak,Chang, Bong-Soon,Lee, Choon-Ki,Seok, Hyun Sik,Yeom, Jin S. Elsevier 2017 Computers in biology and medicine Vol.89 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P><B>Background</B></P> <P>There are no studies about the biomechanical analysis of lumbar decompression surgery in relation to degenerative changes of the lumbar spine. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to compare, by using finite element (FE) analysis, the biomechanical changes of the lumbar spine in terms of annulus stress and nucleus pressure after two different kinds of lumbar decompression surgery in relation to disc degenerative changes.</P> <P><B>Methods</B></P> <P>The validated intact and degenerated FE models (L2-5) were used in this study. In these two models, two different decompression surgical scenarios at L3-4, including conventional laminectomy (ConLa) and the spinous process osteotomy (SpinO), were simulated. Therefore, a total of six models were simulated. Under preloading, 7.5 Nm moments of flexion, extension, lateral bending, and torsion were imposed. In each model, the maximal von Mises stress on the annulus fibrosus and nucleus pressure at the index segment (L3-4) and adjacent segments (L2-3 and L4-5) were analyzed.</P> <P><B>Results</B></P> <P>The ConLa model and disc degeneration model demonstrated a larger annulus stress at the decompression level (L3-4) under all four moments than were seen in the SpinO model and healthy disc model, respectively. Therefore, the ConLa model with moderate disc degeneration showed the highest annulus stress at the decompression level (L3-4). However, the percent change of annulus stress at L3-4 from the intact model to the matched decompression model was less in the moderate disc degeneration model than in the healthy disc model.</P> <P><B>Conclusions</B></P> <P>Although the ConLa model with moderate disc degeneration showed the highest annulus stress, the degenerative models would be less influenced by the decompression technique.</P>

「상대별곡」에 나타난 화자의 시선과 텍스트 미의식

전유재 ( You Zai Quan ) 한국고전문학회 2012 古典文學硏究 Vol.41 No.-

이 논문에서는 권근의 「상대별곡」에 나타난 화자의 시선을 추적하여 텍스트 미의식을 고찰하였다. 따져보면, 1~2장에서 객관적 관찰자의 시선에 통합의 미, 3~4장에서 참여적 관찰자의 시선에 소통의 미, 5장에서 내면화된 시선에 자기변호와 타인종용의 미가 나타났다. 1~4장을 통해 방향과 균형의 적절한 조합 추구가 화자의 시선으로 드러나는 데 이것은 곧 저자의 인식세계이기도 하다. 5장은 유학자 권근의 처세관을 잘 나타냈다. 「상대별곡」이 그 이전 별곡과 변별되는 지점을 5장의 파격에서 찾게 된다. 저자는 자기변호와 타인종용의 이치를 역설하기 위해 파격이 필요했다. 전반 텍스트에서 화자의 시선은 외부에서 내부로의 이동을 보이고, 유학적 出處觀이 禮樂과 仁義에 기반 한 질서 순응의 미로 도출되었다. 「상대별곡」은 조선 초기 신흥 사대부들의 정치사회적 윤리와 출처관 중 한 갈래를 잘 대변한 전형이라 할 수 있다. In this writing, the researcher considered aesthetic sense of text by tracking speaker`s eyes appearing in Kwon, Keun`s 「Sangdaebyeolgok」. More specifically, integration beauty from an objective observer`s eyes in Chapter 1 and 2, communication beauty from a participating observer`s eyes in Chapter 3 and 4, and beauty of self-change and compliance from internalized eyes in Chapter 5 appear. Through Chapter 1~4, pursuit for proper combination of direction and balance from speaker`s eyes appear, which is also author`s recognition world. In Chapter 5, the art of living of Kwon, Keun as a Confucian scholar appears well. We can find distinctive aspects of 「Sangdaebyeolgok」 from preceding unrhymed verses in unconventional aspects in Chapter 5. The author needed unconventional aspects in order to accentuate the principle of self-change and compliance. Throughout the text, speaker`s eyes moved from outside to inside and Confucian art of living was expressed as beauty of compliance with order based on manners & elegance and humanity & justice. 「Sangdaebyeolgok」 can be said as a prototype representing one part among political and social ethics and the art of living of the new noblemen in the beginning of the Joseon Dynasty well.

이인로(李仁老)『소상팔경(瀟湘八景)』에 갈무리된 和의 미학(美學)

전유재 ( You Zai Quan ) 韓國古典文學會 2012 古典文學硏究 Vol.42 No.-

This paper focuses on conducting an analysis on 4 Chinese poems showing their own types out of 8 Chinese poems in ``Sosang Palgyoung`` by Inro Lee and closely examining the aesthetics of Harmony(和) finished in ``Sosang Palgyoung`` by Inro Lee. This paper arranged the aesthetics of Harmony largely into 4 types on the basis of the aesthetic viewpoint pursued by Confucianists and Taoists. This paper made it the system that the ``general embodiment`` is the tendency of interpretation of nature in the focus on human beings, which is the aesthetic system of Confucianists, and that the ``general reification`` is the tendency of interpretation of human beings in the focus on nature, which is the aesthetic system of Taoists. This study thereby put the ``general embodiment`` and ``general reification`` on both ends, and closely examined that the ``general coexistence`` and ``general assimilation`` could be arranged in between by concretely analyzing the above selected 4 Chinese poems. The characteristic of ``general embodiment`` lies in that the human value judgment is revealed more clearly in it. The characteristic of ``general coexistence`` is the expression of aspects in which different things are harmonized relatively well. The characteristic of ``general assimilation`` is that psychology and things alternate into each other to become the state of merging of self and thing. The characteristic of ``general reification`` is that the appearance of human beings wanting to resemble the properties of natural things is revealed clearly. In general, in the Chinese poems in ``Sosang Palgyoung`` by Inro Lee, the aforementioned 4 aspects in which mind and things meet with each other are shown well as the aesthetics of Harmony. 이 논문은 李仁老의 『瀟湘八景』 한시 여덟 수 중 제 유형을 나타낸 네 수를 대상으로 삼아 분석을 진행하고, 李仁老 『瀟湘八景』 전반에 갈무리된 和의 美學을 규명하는데 중점을 둔 연구이다. 和의 美學을 儒家와 道家가 추구한 和의 審美觀에 근거하여 크게 네 유형으로 정리하였다. ``總體的 肉化``가 유가의 심미체계인 인간 중심에서 자연을, ``總體的 事物化``가 도가의 심미체계인 자연 중심에서 인간 해석의 성향임을 벼리로 잡아 ``總體的 肉化``와 ``總體的 事物化``를 양단에 놓고, 그 사이에 ``總體的 共存化``와 ``總體的 同化``를 배열 가능한 형태라는 것을 상기 선정된 네 수를 구체적으로 분석하면서 규명해나갔다. ``總體的 肉化``의 특징은, 인간적 가치판단이 보다 선명하게 드러난다는 데 있다. ``總體的 共存化``의 특징은, 상대적으로 이질적인 것들의 조화가 잘 이루어지는 양상의 발현이다. ``總體的 同化``의 특징은, 심리와 사물이 서로에게 갈마들어 物我一體의 상태가 되는 데 있다. ``總體的 事物化``의 특징은, 자연사물의 속성을 닮고자 하는 인간의 모습이 뚜렷하게 드러남이다. 총체적으로, 李仁老의 『瀟湘八景』 한시에서는 心과 物이 만나는 상술한 네 양상이 和의 美學으로 잘 나타나고 있다.

Assembly of Laccase over Platinum Oxide Surface and Application as an Amperometric Biosensor

Quan, De,Kim, You-sung,Yoon, Kyung-Byung,Shin, Woon-sup Korean Chemical Society 2002 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.23 No.3

Laccase could be successfully assembled on an amine-derivatized platinum electrode by glutaraldehyde coupling. The enzyme layer formed on the surface does not communicate electron directly with the electrode, but the enzymatic activity of the surf ace could be followed by electrochemical detection of enzymatically oxidized products. The well-known laccase substrates, ABTS (2,2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)) and PPD (p-phenylenediamine) were used. ABTS can be detected down to 0.5 ${\mu}M$ with linear response up to 15 ${\mu}M$ and current sensitivity of 75 nA/ ${\mu}M.$ PPD showed better response with detection limit of 0.05 ${\mu}M$, linear response up to 20 ${\mu}M$, and current sensitivity of 340 nA/ ${\mu}M$ with the same electrode. The sensor responses fit well to the Michaelis-Menten equation and apparent $K_M$ values are 0.16 mM for ABTS and 0.055 mM for PPD, which show the enzymatic reaction is the rate-determining step. The laccase electrode we developed is very stable and more than 80% of initial activity was still maintained after 2 months of uses.

Isolation and Characterization of Mouse Testis Specific Serine/Threonine Kinase 5 Possessing Four Alternatively Spliced Variants

( You Heng Wei ),( Guo Long Fu ),( Hai Rong Hu ),( Gang Lin ),( Jing Chun Yang ),( Jin Hu Guo ),( Qi Quan Zhu ),( Long Yu ) 생화학분자생물학회 2007 BMB Reports Vol.40 No.5

Sensing Characteristics of Tyrosinase Immobilized and Tyrosinase, Laccase Co-immobilized Platinum Electrodes

Quan, De,Kim, You-Sung,Shin, Woon-Sup Korean Chemical Society 2004 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.25 No.8

Tyrosinase was covalently immobilized on platinum electrode according to the method we developed for laccase (Bull. Korean Chem. Soc. 2002, 23(7), 385) and p-chlorophenol, p-cresol, and phenol could be detected with sensitivities of 334, 139 and 122 nA/ ${\mu}M$ and the detection limits of 1.0, 2.0, and 2.5 ${\mu}M$, respectively. The response time ($t_{90\%}$) is 3 seconds for p-chlorophenol, and 5 seconds for p-cresol and phenol. The optimal pHs of the sensor are in the range of 5.0- 6.0. This sensor can tolerate at least 500 times repeated injections of p-chlorophenol with retaining 80% of initial activity. In case of tyrosinase and laccase co immobilized platinum electrode, the sensitivities are 560 nA/ ${\mu}M$ for p-phenylenediamine (PPD) and 195 nA/ ${\mu}M$ for p-chlorophenol, respectively. The sensitivity of the bi-enzyme sensor for PPD increases 70% compared to that of only laccase immobilized one, but the sensitivity for p-chlorophenol decreases 40% compared to that of only tyrosinase immobilized one. The sensitivity increase for the bi-enzyme sensor for PPD can be ascribed to the additional catalytic function of the co-immobilized tyrosinase. The sensitivity decrease for p-chlorophenol can be explained by the “blocking effect” of the co-immobilized laccase, which hinders the mass transport through the immobilized layer. If PPD was detected with the electrode that had been used for p-chlorophenol, the sensitivity decreased 20% compared to that of the electrode that had been used only for PPD. Similarly, if p-chlorophenol was detected with PPD detected electrode, the sensitivity also decreased 20%. The substrate-induced conformation changes of the enzymes in a confined layer may be responsible for the phenomena.