Deficiency of optineurin enhances osteoclast differentiation by attenuating the NRF2-mediated antioxidant response

Xue Peng,Hu Xiangxiang,Chang Emily,Wang Lufei,Chen Minghui,Wu Tai-Hsien,Lee Dong-Joon,Foster Brian L.,Tseng Henry C.,Ko Ching-Chang 생화학분자생물학회 2021 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.53 No.-

Abnormally increased resorption contributes to bone degenerative diseases such as Paget’s disease of bone (PDB) through unclear mechanisms. Recently, the optineurin (OPTN) gene has been implicated in PDB, and global OPTN knockout mice ( Optn −/− ) were shown to exhibit increased formation of osteoclasts (osteoclastogenesis). Growing evidence, including our own, has demonstrated that intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) stimulated by receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) can act as signaling molecules to promote osteoclastogenesis. Here, we report that OPTN interacts with nuclear factor erythroid-derived factor 2-related factor 2 (NRF2), the master regulator of the antioxidant response, defining a pathway through which RANKL-induced ROS could be regulated for osteoclastogenesis. In this study, monocytes from Optn −/− and wild-type ( Optn +/+ ) mice were utilized to differentiate into osteoclasts, and both qRT-PCR and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining showed that the Optn −/− monocytes exhibited enhanced osteoclastogenesis compared to the Optn +/+ cells. CellROX ® staining, qRT-PCR, and Western blotting indicated that OPTN deficiency reduced the basal expression of Nrf2 , inhibited the expression of NRF2-responsive antioxidants, and increased basal and RANKL-induced intracellular ROS levels, leading to enhanced osteoclastogenesis. Coimmunoprecipitation (co-IP) showed direct interaction, and immunofluorescence staining showed perinuclear colocalization of the OPTN-NRF2 granular structures during differentiation. Finally, curcumin and the other NRF2 activators attenuated the hyperactive osteoclastogenesis induced by OPTN deficiency. Collectively, our findings reveal a novel OPTN-mediated mechanism for regulating the NRF2-mediated antioxidant response in osteoclasts and extend the therapeutic potential of OPTN in the aging process resulting from ROS-triggered oxidative stress, which is associated with PDB and many other degenerative diseases.

Throughput Maximization in Cooperation Based Symbiotic Cognitive Radio Networks

XUE, Peng,GONG, Peng,KIM, Duk Kyung The Institute of Electronics, Information and Comm 2010 IEICE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS - Vol.93 No.11

<P>In the symbiotic cognitive radio (CR) networks, the CR users (CUs) may assist the primary transmission in a cooperation time, and obtain an incentive time for their own data transmission. In this letter, we study the throughput maximization problem in the symbiotic CR networks. Under the symbiosis and transmit power constraints, we aim to find the optimal cooperation time to assist the primary transmission and power allocations among the CUs. Given the cooperation time, the optimal power allocations can be solved by multi-level water-filling (MWF) with individual volume limits. A theoretical analysis is presented on the cooperation time and a modified bisection algorithm with low complexity is proposed to find the sub-optimal cooperation time. Simulation results show that the spectrum usage efficiency can be significantly improved as the number of CUs increases.</P>

A Study on Corporate Governance of Chinese Privately Owned Enterprises Listed in Hong Kong -From the Perspective of the Government-Business Relations

( Xue Peng ) 고려대학교 법학연구원 2015 The Asian Business Lawyer Vol.15 No.-

Chinese privately owned enterprises (POEs) or “Mainland Private Enterprises (MPEs)” as categorized by the Stock Exchange of Hong Kong have become a significant component of Hong Kong’s capital market, while the research on their corporate governance issues are far from adequate. Meanwhile, among the corporate governance failures occurred to these companies, it is observed that government officials or governmental authorities in the Mainland are involved in many cases. In this connection, this article tries to analyze corporate governance of Chinese POEs listed in Hong Kong from the perspective of their relationship with one of their vital stakeholders . Mainland local governments. In the context of government-business relations in China, it is found that, as a significant stakeholder of Chinese POEs, local governments in China have not only played a central role in the evolvement of China’s private sector, but also have had a major impact on corporate governance practices of Chinese POEs listed on overseas capital market. Indeed, the government-business relation is a double-edged sword to these companies. The lawful participation of controllers in the Mainland local political system may benefit the company in the long run, while too closely enmeshed ties between businesses and governments may pose huge risks to overseas listed POEs. Therefore, in today’s China where the government still plays a key role in the economy and is the final decision maker in many strategically important industries, establishing and maintaining a healthy and sustainable government-business relation is not only indispensable for a Chinese private enterprise to survive in Chinese business environments, but also beneficial to its performance on overseas capital markets.

Performance Enhancement of IEEE 802.15.3 MAC for Simultaneously Operating Piconets

Xue Peng,Gong Peng,김덕경 한국통신학회 2007 韓國通信學會論文誌 Vol.32 No.1

Low METTL3 level in midgut of the Bombyx mori inhibit the proliferation of nucleopolyhedrovirus

Xue Peng,Jiangtao Zhai,Zhu Juan,Wang Meixian,Zhao Qiaoling,Huang Jinshan,Tang Shunming,Shen Xingjia 한국응용곤충학회 2021 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.24 No.1

N6-methyladeosine (m 6 A) plays an important role in virus infection and replication. Bombyx mori nuclear polyhedrosis is caused by Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) infection. Expression levels of m 6 Amodification-related genes after the infection of BmNPV were detected at first. Then, expression levels of BmNPV nucleocapsid protein gene VP39 and envelope fusion protein gene GP64 after knockdown of METTL3in vitro were quantified to identify the effect of m 6 A modification on BmNPV. BmNPV firstly infects the larval midgut in case of oral infection. Subsequently, to clarify the relationship between m 6 A modification and resistance of the silkworm to BmNPV, we detected the expression levels of m 6 A-modification-related genes invivo before and after infection of BmNPV. The results indicated that low METTL3 level hindered the proliferation of BmNPV to some extent, and silkworm strain with low METTL3 level showed stronger resistance against BmNPV. This study will accumulate new experimental data for elucidating the resistance mechanism of silkworm against BmNPV.

Improved antimicrobial effect of ginseng extract by heat transformation

Xue, Peng,Yao, Yang,Yang, Xiu-shi,Feng, Jia,Ren, Gui-xing The Korean Society of Ginseng 2017 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.41 No.2

Background: The incidence of halitosis has a prevalence of 22-50% throughout the world and is generally caused by anaerobic oral microorganisms, such as Fusobacterium nucleatum, Clostridium perfringens, and Porphyromonas gingivalis. Previous investigations on the structure-activity relationships of ginsenosides have led to contrasting results. Particularly, the antibacterial activity of less polar ginsenosides against halitosis-related bacteria has not been reported. Methods: Crude saponins extracted from the Panax quinquefolius leaf-stem (AGS) were treated at $130^{\circ}C$ for 3 h to obtain heat-transformed saponins (HTS). Five ginsenoside-enriched fractions (HTS-1, HTS-2, HTS-3, HTS-4, and HTS-5) and less polar ginsenosides were separated by HP-20 resin absorption and HPLC, and the antimicrobial activity and mechanism were investigated. Results: HPLC with diode-array detection analysis revealed that heat treatment induced an extensive conversion of polar ginsenosides (-Rg1/Re, -Rc, -Rb2, and -Rd) to less polar compounds (-Rg2, -Rg3, -Rg6, -F4, -Rg5, and -Rk1). The antimicrobial assays showed that HTS, HTS-3, and HTS-4 were effective at inhibiting the growth of F. nucleatum, C. perfringens, and P. gingivalis. Ginsenosides-Rg5 showed the best antimicrobial activity against the three bacteria, with the lowest values of minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration. One major reason for this result is that less polar ginsenosides can more easily damage membrane integrity. Conclusion: The results indicated that the less polar ginsenoside-enriched fraction from heat transformation can be used as an antibacterial agent to control halitosis.

Improved Multi-Cell Joint Channel Estimation for the TD-SCDMA Downlink

XUE, Peng,CAO, Ning,KANG, Dong Kwan,KIM, Duk Kyung The Institute of Electronics, Information and Comm 2009 IEICE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS - Vol.92 No.4

<P>In this paper, a multi-cell joint channel estimation (JCE) method is proposed for the TD-SCDMA downlink. In the proposed multi-cell JCE approach, the received midambles from adjacent cells are jointly processed, rather than being treated as interference as in single cell channel estimation. By jointly processing all the received midambles, the user can simultaneously estimate the channel impulse responses (CIRs) for both its home cell and adjacent cells. If the received signal from adjacent cells has a delay, multi-cell JCE is still operable with slight adjustment in the midamble matrix, and the performance loss is also minor. The performance of multi-cell JCE is analyzed and evaluated by simulations. The results demonstrate that the proposed multi-cell JCE method can significantly improve the channel estimation accuracy. When the signal from each cell has similar power level, the mean square error (MSE) of the estimated CIRs for all cells is lower than 0.01. With more accurate CIRs from multi-cell JCE, multi-cell JD also yields better performance compared with the single cell channel estimation methods.</P>

Study on the Impact of Positioning Errors on the Process Performance of Robotic Bonnet Polishing

Xuepeng Huang,Zhenzhong Wang,Lucheng Li 한국정밀공학회 2023 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.24 No.9

High-precision optical components are widely used in major fields such as strong lasers and astronomy, but the production cycle of components is greatly constrained by the difficulty of machining optical components and the high price of special polishing machines, so it is important to develop a high-efficiency and low-cost fast polishing system for optical components. By combining bonnet polishing technology with industrial robotics, we have developed an industrial robotics bonnet polishing system for optical components, and the effect of robot positioning errors on pad trimming and on the polishing of the entire surface is also analyzed. To verify the processing capability of the robotic bonnet polishing device, polishing pad dressing experiments and optical component surface correction polishing experiments were carried out. After the pad was dressed, the runout value was reduced from 182 to 23 μm with a convergence ratio of 7.9. After polishing the optical component twice, the PV and RMS values on the surface of the component decreased significantly, from 38.05 λ and 9.98 λ to 8.65 λ and 1.38 λ (λ = 632.8) respectively in the middle area of the component, with a convergence ratio of 4.4 and 7.2, proving that the robotic bonnet polishing system can be applied to the polishing process of optical components.

CO2-responsive smart wormlike micelles based on monomer and “pseudo” gemini surfactant

Xuepeng Wu,Yongping Huang,Sisi Fang,Caili Dai,Hao Li,Zhongliang Xu,Mingwei Zhao 한국공업화학회 2018 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.60 No.-

CO2-responsive wormlike micelles based on monomer erucic acid 3-(N,N-dimethylamino)propylamide (EADP) with or without sodium salicylate (NaSal) in aqueous solution were studied and compared with “pseudo” gemini system. The “pseudo” gemini system were formed by a mixture of EADP and maleic acid (MA) with molar ratio between 2:1–1:1. Different morphological transformations of microstructures in response to EADP concentrations, additives and CO2 stimuli were further investigated in these systems, the wormlike micelle or vesicles can be obtained. The mechanism of these transitions were further investigated by rheology, cryo-TEM and DFT calculation, the results showed that the mechanism behind this transition involved reversible reaction of CO2 with EADP. The mechanism in this research may give further evidence to the self-assembly of CO2-responsive surfactants.

Molecular cloning and characterization under different stress conditions of insulin-like peptide 2 gene (AccILP-2) from Apis cerana cerana

Xuepeng Chi,Wei Wei,Weixing Zhang,HongfangWang,Zhenguo Liu,Baohua Xu 한국응용곤충학회 2018 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.21 No.2

Insulin-like peptide 2 is an important gene in the insulin/insulin-like signaling pathway. The insulin-like peptide 2 gene (ILP-2) appears to play a key role in metabolism, growth, reproduction, stress resistance and aging. In this study, we isolated and characterized an ILP-2 gene from Apis cerana cerana known as AccILP-2. The full-length AccILP-2 cDNA is 494 bp and contains a 222-bp open reading frame (ORF) encoding a protein of 73 amino acids with a calculated molecular weight of 8.706 kDa and an isoelectric point of 9.02. Multiple sequence alignment revealed that AccILP-2 shares high identity with ILP genes from Apis mellifera, Apis florea, Bombus terrestris, Eufriesea mexicana and Dufourea novaeangliae and contains a typical IlGF-insulin-bombyxin-like domain. Quantitative PCR analysis indicated that the greatest expression of AccILP-2 was observed in the muscles of adult workers. Expression analysis results also indicated that AccILP-2 expression was greatest during the dark-eye developmental period. Furthermore, expression of the AccILP-2 transcript was induced by environmental stressors, including exposure to 4 °C, ultraviolet light, H2O2, heavy metals (HgCl2 and CdCl2) and pesticides (dichlorvos, paraquat and cyhalothrin). However, AccILP-2 expression was downregulated at 44 °C. In conclusion, these results suggested that AccILP-2 might play an important role in the response to abiotic stress. We expect that our study will promote future research on the function of the insulin/insulin-like signaling pathway.