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Research on Transnational Ethnic Relations : World Context and Cases in Vietnam
Vuong Xuan Tinh 인하대학교 다문화융합연구소 2018 다문화와 교육 Vol.3 No.2
Transnational ethnic relations (TER) are the relations between ethnic groups, living internally in one country and their coethnics or counterparts of other ethnic minorities, living abroad in other countries that share or do not share common borders. For a multi-ethnic country, TER play a very important role, affecting national socio-economic development and security, since being external relations with counterparts living abroad, but they have profound internal impacts on live of the country. So far, there have been various TER researches conducted by scholars in all over the world. Concerning the studied concepts and theories, the most notable are: the concepts of fluid border, soft border, social space border, the theories of diaspora and neoliberalism. In accordance with these concepts and theories, the authors have carried out the application researches on transnational migration, marriage, religious belief, culture, politics, smuggling, crime. In Vietnam, a country with 46 ethnic groups having coethnics inhabiting in various countries, under the influence of historical background, globalization and the Doi Moi (the Innovation policy of Vietnam), TER have been developing significantly, especially since 1986. This relationship has been expressed in numerous fields, such as politics, economy, society, culture and national security; in the majority Kinh and other ethnic minorities. This relationship relates to, not only 3 countries bordering Vietnam, such as China, Laos and Cambodia, but also to other countries: USA, Canada, France, Australia, Korea, Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia... that do not share common borders with Vietnam, as well. TER researches in Vietnam reveal that, economic TER are the most exposed, via such as aspects: labor migration, trade, cross-border business, especially those activities carried out in the areas along Vietnam-China, Vietnam-Laos and Vietnam-Cambodia borders. Concerning the social TER, transnational marriages have been increasing, since trend of getting married to coethnics is preferred, especially in ethnic minorities. On cultural relations, festival and religious activities have connected many ethnic minorities in Vietnam with their overseas coethnics and counterpart who are practicing the same religion. Meanwhile, TER have also resulted in some illegal activities, such as cross-border smuggling, drug or women trafficking.
Advanced Magnetic Materials Produced by Using Rapid Quenching Technology
Nguyen Hoang Nghi,Nguyen Van Dung,Trinh Thi Thanh Nga,Bui Thi Khanh Nhung,Mai Thanh Tung,Nguyen Huu Tinh,Hoang Nhat Hieu,Bui Xuan Chien,Nguyen Thi Hong Tam 한국물리학회 2008 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.52 No.6
Amorphous alloys produced by using a rapid quenching technique are considered to be a precursor for producing nanosized and multiphase structures by precipitation (the top-down method). By using this technique, several new magnetic materials with different magnetic properties based on different physical mechanisms have been manufactured and investigated. Three new magnetic materials, a nanocrystalline soft magnetic material, a soft-hard permanent magnet and a Me-3d granular alloy with a GMR effect, what were prepared under local conditions, are presented and discussed in the experimental point of view. Amorphous alloys produced by using a rapid quenching technique are considered to be a precursor for producing nanosized and multiphase structures by precipitation (the top-down method). By using this technique, several new magnetic materials with different magnetic properties based on different physical mechanisms have been manufactured and investigated. Three new magnetic materials, a nanocrystalline soft magnetic material, a soft-hard permanent magnet and a Me-3d granular alloy with a GMR effect, what were prepared under local conditions, are presented and discussed in the experimental point of view.
Han Thi Vo,Tien Duc Dao,Tuyen Van Duong,Tan Thanh Nguyen,Binh Nhu Do,Tinh Xuan Do,Khue Minh Pham,Vinh Hai Vu,Linh Van Pham,Lien Thi Hong Nguyen,Lan Thi Huong Le,Hoang Cong Nguyen,Nga Hoang Dang,Trung 질병관리청 2024 Osong Public Health and Research Persptectives Vol.15 No.1
Objectives: The incidence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has increased, particularly among individuals who have recovered from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. Health literacy is considered a “social vaccine” that helps people respond effectively to the pandemic. We aimed to investigate the association between long COVID-19 and PTSD, and to examine the modifying role of health literacy in this association.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at 18 hospitals and health centers in Vietnam from December 2021 to October 2022. We recruited 4,463 individuals who had recovered from COVID-19 infection for at least 4 weeks. Participants provided information about their sociodemographics, clinical parameters, health-related behaviors, health literacy (using the 12-item short-form health literacy scale), long COVID-19 symptoms and PTSD (Impact Event Scale-Revised score of 33 or higher). Logistic regression models were used to examine associations and interactions.Results: Out of the study sample, 55.9% had long COVID-19 symptoms, and 49.6% had PTSD. Individuals with long COVID-19 symptoms had a higher likelihood of PTSD (odds ratio [OR], 1.68; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.63–2.12; p<0.001). Higher health literacy was associated with a lower likelihood of PTSD (OR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.97–0.99; p=0.001). Compared to those with long COVID-19 symptoms and the lowest health literacy score, those with long COVID-19 symptoms and a 1-point health literacy increment had a 3% lower likelihood of PTSD (OR, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.96–0.99; p=0.001).Conclusion: Health literacy was found to be a protective factor against PTSD and modified the negative impact of long COVID-19 symptoms on PTSD.