Aptamer‑linked immobilized sorbent assay for detecting GMO marker, phosphinothricin acetyltransferase (PAT)

Woo‑Ri Shin,Mun‑Jong Lee,SEKHONSIMRANJEET SINGH,Ji Hun Kim,Sun Chang Kim,Byung‑Kwan Cho,Ji‑Young Ahn,Yang‑Hoon Kim 대한독성 유전단백체 학회 2020 Molecular & cellular toxicology Vol.16 No.3

Background Development of genetically modified crops has rapidly increased in last few years. The most widely grown GM crops express genes that confer herbicide tolerance and insect resistance. Detection system of GM crops is important for safety evaluation before its consumption. Objective The purpose of this research is to detect GM crops, especially PAT, in food-samples. Results The bar gene (PAT protein, herbicide resistant) was cloned in pGEX-4T-1 and expressed by E. coli. The high-affinity PAT-specific single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) aptamers were obtained from a random DNA library. MOE docking study was performed to identify the potential binding region of the selected aptamers on PAT. Aptamer-linked immobilized sorbent assay (ALISA) method was used to detect PAT. Conclusion We screened aptamer against PAT for developing an efficient detection method. The selected PAT specific aptamers, HRPA-05 and HRPA-07, showed the distinct target binding behaviors, and detected PAT protein by aptamer-linked immobilized sorbent assay method with high efficiency and selectivity.

Managing Cultural Diversity by Effective Human Resource Management of International Trade: Focus on Asian Perspectives

Shin,Soo Yong,Pak,Myong Sop,Cho,Sung Woo 한국무역상무학회 2012 貿易商務硏究 Vol.56 No.-

Changes in the global business environment continue at an accelerated pace. The 21st century maybe remarked, perhaps, for its hot issues on globalization and diversity. Diversity may arise in terms of ethnic, gender, age and culture. Cultural diversity out of all stands out in front in modern times as more multinational companies operate internationally resulting more people to start living abroad and work with people from different cultures. In recent years, these multinational companies realized the important roles human resource management play in international trade since cultural diversity is very influential on their work performance. A well-managed human resources will ensure organizations' success to a great extent. This paper touches the field of cultural diversity and introduces human resource management of international trade as a way to handle diversity matters faced by international organizations.

The Effect of Transportation Policy Changes on Retail Market Trade Area Dynamics

Shin,Seung Woo,Kim,Gyoung Sun 한국주거환경학회 2018 주거환경(한국주거환경학회논문집) Vol.16 No.3

Ⅰ. Introduction Ⅱ. Literature review III. Data IV. Discussion V. Conclusion 본 연구의 목적은 서로 다른 두 개의 교통정책이 서울의 한 상권에 미치는 동태적 영향을 다룬다. 버스 노선의 변화나 새로운 지하철의 개통이 주변 상권의 형성이나 시간적 변화에 미치는 영향을 검증한다. 이러한 가설을 검증하기 위한 방법을 구체적으로 설명하면, 상권내 토지의 과세가치를 이용하여 경사도를 측정한다. 본 연구를 통하여, 이미 교통 기반시설이 충분히 보급된 지역의 경우, 버스노선의 변경은 상권에 제한적인 영향만을 미치는 것을 확인하였다. 반면 이미 두 개의 지하철 노선이 운영 중인 동일한 지역에 추가된 세 번째 노선은 통계적으로 유의한 영향을 미치는 것을 t-테스트를 통하여 확인하였다. 또한 상권의 시간적 변화를 가시화하였다. 본 연구가 제안한, 과세 평가액과 이를 사용하여 계산된 경사도를 활용한 혁신적인 연구방법은 도시지역의 사회실험을 대체할 수 있는 효과적인 대안이다.

An Empirical Study on the Choice of Residential Mortgage Lender by Korean Households

Shin,Seung-Woo 한국주거환경학회 2008 주거환경(한국주거환경학회논문집) Vol.6 No.2

본 연구는 국민은행의 주택금융수요 실태조사 자료를 이용하여 일반 서민가구의 주택담보 대출유형, 특히 주택금융공사의 보금자리론으로 대표되는 공공 모기지와 여타 민간은행의 민간 모기지간의 선택에 영향을 미치는 요인을 탐구하였다. 우리는 보금자리론이 출시된 2004년부터 2006년까지의 3개년치의 자료를 투입하여 다항 로짓(Multinomial Logit) 모델 및 중첩 로짓(Nested Logit) 모델을 적용하여 분석하였다. 미국의 실증분석 결과와는 달리 우리의 경우 서민가구들이 공공 모기지 보다는 민간 모기지를 선호하는 것으로 보인다. 그 이유로는 민간모기지 상품의 다양성이나 이자유형 변경옵션과 같은 상품자체에 기인하는 속성과 함께 민간 대출기관의 느슨한 소득 검증(Income verification)과 같은 규제적 특성 역시 중요한 요인인 것으로 분석되었다.

아미노글리코사이드 사용제한에 따른 병원성 균혈증 유발 그람음성간균의 내성변화 및 임상적 의의

오종택,김신우,손종원,도병훈,한승우,신병철,박지현,이종명,김능수 대한감염학회 2003 감염과 화학요법 Vol.35 No.4

목적 : 항균제 오남용으로 인한 내성균의 출현, 약물부작용의 발생 및 약제 비용의 증가는 환자 개인뿐만 아니라 사회적으로 문제가 되고 있다. 본 연구는 항생제의 오남용을 막기 위한 제도의 일환으로 시행한 아미노글리코사이드 사용 제한정책의 비용 효과적인 측면을 조사하고 그람음성간균에 의해 병원성 균혈증이 발생한 환자들을 대상으로 이 정책이 항생제 내성률과 환자 사망률에 미치는 영향을 연구하였다. 방법 : 930병상 규모의 3차 병원인 일개 대학병원에서 아미노글리코사이드 사용제한정책이 시행된 직후인 2002년 3월에서 9월 사이에 그람음성간균(Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter cloacae, Enterobacter aerogenes, Serratia marcescens, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Burkholderia cepacia)에 의해 발생한 병원성 균혈증 환자 60명(실험군)과, 이 정책이 시행되기 전에 입원한 환자들 중 균주별로 같은 수만큼 선별한 병원성 균혈증 환자 60명(대조군)의 의무기록을 후향적으로 조사하였다. 결과 : 아미노글리코사이드 사용제한정책이 시행된 시기인 2002년 3월에서 9월 사이에 처방된 아미노글리코사이드 사용량 및 비용을 이 정책이 시행되기 전인 2001년 3월에서 9월 사이와 비교한 결과, 아미노글리코사이드의 사용량(antimicrobial utilization density)은 사용제한 후 225.2에서 130.3으로 42% 감소하였고 약제 비용은 44% 감소하였다. 아미노글리코사이드 사용제한 후 병원성 균혈증을 유발한 그람 음성간균의 이 항생제에 대한 내성률은 유의한 변화를 보이지 않았으며 균혈증과 직접 연관된 사망률도 환자의 나이, 성별, 기저질환 및 원발병소 등을 보정할 경우 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다(40.4% vs. 24.1%, P=0.11). 결론 : 아미노글리코사이드를 5일을 초과한 사용 시 감염전문가의 사전 승인을 필요로 하는 사용제한정책은 아미노글리코사이드의 사용량과 비용을 유의하게 감소시켰다. 또한 이 정책 시행 후 그람음성간균에 의한 균혈증 환자에서 균혈증으로 인한 사망률과 아미노글리코사이드에 대한 내성률은 유의한 차이가 없었다. Objective : To evaluate the effects of an aminoglycoside restriction policy on expenditures for aminoglycosides, antimicrobial resistance rates and clinical outcome of nosocomial bacteremia caused by Gram-negative bacilli (GNB). Methods : Starting in February, 2002, a prior consultation with an infectious disease specialist for using aminoglycoside antibiotics over 5 days was required in a 930-bed university hospital. In retrospective analysis of medical records 7 months after initiation of the aminoglycoside restriction policy, sixty cases of clinically relevant nosocomial bacteremia caused by GNB were found. These bacteremic patients were compared with sixty, species-matched, control patients with nosocomial Gramnegative bacteremia before the policy for total expenditures for aminoglycosides, susceptibility to antibiotics and clinical outcomes of bacteremia. Results : During the same period of 7 months before and after the restriction policy, total expenditures for aminoglycosides decreased by 44% in cost (from 465,030,841 Won to 259,618,337 Won) and the antimicrobial utilization density of aminoglycosides decreased by 42% (from 225,2 to 130.3). On the other hand, the patterns of antibiotic susceptibility and bacteremia-related in-hospital mortality rates after the policy did not show a significant change, compared with those before the policy. Conclusion : Antibiotic restrictions are among the most popular methods to diminish the practice of antibiotic overuse in hospitals. In this study, requirement for prior approval of aminoglycoside use over 5 days led to a significant decrease in the amount and cost of total aminoglycosides without a significant change in susceptibility patterns and bacteremia-related mortality rates.

한의진단명과 진단요건의 표준화 연구 II (표준화 실례) : 2차년도 연구결과 중간 보고

양기상,최선미,최승훈,안규석,박경모,박종현,김성우,신승호,정우열,전병훈,고현,김정범,신상우,김성훈,김동희,권영규,엄현섭,장혜옥 한국한의학연구원 1996 한국한의학연구원논문집 Vol.2 No.1

The diagnostic requirements were suggested and explained regarding the systems of differentiation of symptoms and signs in the second year study of standardization and unification of the terms and conditions used for diagnosis in oriental medicine. The systems were as follows; - differential diagnosis according to condition of body fluid, differentiation of syndromes according to the state of qi and blood, differential diagnosis according to relative excessiveness or deficiency of yin and yang(氣血陰陽津液辨證) - differentiation of diseases according to pathological changes of the viscera and their interrelation - analyzing and differentiating of febrile diseases in accordance with the theory of the six channels(傷寒辨證) The individual diagnosis pattern was arranged by the diagnostic requirements in the following order : another name(異名), notion of diagnosis pattern, index of differentiation of symptoms and signs(辨證指標), the main point of diagnosis, analysis of diagnosis pattern(證候分析), discrimination of diagnosis pattern(證候鑑別), a way of curing a diseases(治法), prescription(處方), herb in common use(常用藥物), diseases appearing the diagnosis pattern(常見疾病), documents(文獻調査). This study was carried out on the basis of the Chinese documents and references.

Pilot 규모 회분식 PU 중합반응기의 온도 및 점도제어

우기수,강신춘 한양대학교 에너지·환경기술연구소 1998 에너지·環境技術論文集 Vol.4 No.-

실험실 규모의 합성 자료와 결과, 관련정보를 기초로 하여 폴리우레탄 합성이 가능한 50 liter 규모의 Pilot 회분식 중합 반응기를 제작하고 반응기의 온도와 점도를 유지하고자MRAC(model-reference adaptive control)과 순차적 제어를 도입하였다. 여러 가지 외란의 영향에도 불구하고 반응기의 온도와 점도의 제어는 만족할 만한 결과가 얻어졌지만 최종 분자량은 공업용 시약의 사용으로 인하여 실험실 규모의 합성결과에 미치지 못하는 결과를 얻었다. A batch polymerization reactor of pilot scale for polyurethane manufacture has been built to scale-up the preparation procedure obtained from the laboratory experiments. We could successfully maintain the regular operating conditions by applying the model reference adaptive control(MRAC), integrated anti-windup algorithm and sequencial control. We obtained satisfactory results in controlling the temperature and viscosity of the reaction mixture to maintain regular operating condition, and the trend of the reaction was similer to the results of lab. scale experiment which proved the superiority of adaptive control.

폐쇄성 수면무호흡증 환자의 마취관리

신우종 한양대학교 의과대학 1998 한양의대 학술지 Vol.18 No.2

Patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) exhibits repetitive, prolonged episodes of apnea during sleep with serious nocturnal and diurnal physiologic derangements. With their physiologic derangements. OSAS have many implications for the anesthesioloists. First, OSAS patients are sensitive to all central depressant drugs, with upper airway obstruction or respiratory arrest occurring even with minimal doses. Thus sedative and opioid premedication should be omitted or as should the intra and postoperative use of opioids be limited or avoided. All anesthetic drugs should be administered by titration to desired effect, preferably using short-acting drugs. When feasible, continuous regional anesthesia using a catheter is the technique of choice. Where possible nonopioid analgesics or local anesthetics should be used for postoperative analgesia. Perioperative monitoring for apnea, desaturation, and dysrhythmia is essential. Secondly OSAS patients have a potentially difficult airway. Awake intubation is the safest approach to airway control. Extubation should only be tried in the fully conscious patients with intact upper airway function and under controlled situations. Thirdly the cardiorespiratory complication of OSAS and the presence of the associated diseases are adversely influence anesthetic management. The purpose of this article is to outline the potential problems encountered in anesthetic management of adult OSAS patients, and to suggest a practical approach for anesthesia both for incidental and specific procedures.

남성화 암쥐의 모리스 수중 미로 수행력 : 성에 따른 공간기억력과 테스토르테론 효과의 차이

신성현,박제민,정우영,박문일,서유나,김성곤,강철중 大韓神經精神醫學會 2007 신경정신의학 Vol.46 No.5

Objectives : It is widely accepted that gonadal steroids are involved in organization and activation of sexual dimorphism in the brain areas related with spatial leaming. This study aimed to test the following hypothesis : 1) spatial memory is affected by sex, 2) this difference is related with brain differentiation by exposure to testosterone in the neonatal period, and/or 3) the sexual difference of spatial memory is the result of the interaction between organization of sexual dimorphism in the brain and the circulating testosterone after growing up. Methods : Testosterone enanthate 100 ㎍, ('androgenized') orvehicle ('control') was randomly administered to 28 female and 25 male rat pups within 24 hour of birth. The escape latencies (EL) in Morris water maze were measured in 15 and 16 week of age with vehicle ('baseline') and with 10 μmol/kg of testosterone ('with testosterone'), respectively. Each session Consis-ted of 10 trials, and means of the last 5 trials were analyzed. Results : The baseline EL of the males were significantly shorter than females regardless ofneonatal exposure to testosterone. With testosterone, EL of the androgenized females were significantly shorter than control females and comparable to those of males. Conclusion : Neonatal exposure to testosterone in female rats may develop a tesosterone-dependent male-like spatial leaming system.

矢狀分割骨切斷術에 依한 顎矯正術의 統計學的 硏究

辛曉根,陳宇政,李俊禮,金晤煥,李炫尙 大韓顎顔面成形再建外科學會 1997 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.19 No.2

Recently, combined with social complexity, increment of medical demand and supply and the change of esthetic category, admission and operation of the patients of facial deformity have been changed with annual change. This study was conducted in the concept of helping the overall character of orthognathic surgery in future understood and being an important index in the establishment of better treatment course, through the patient, on whom was operated orthognathic surgery via sagittal split ramal osteotomy in our Dept. of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Chonbuk National University Hospital from 1991. 1. 1 to 1995. 12. 31. The results were obtained as follows. 1. The ratio of male to female was 1 : 1.33 and the ages between 16 and 25 year was 73.6%, and the mean age was 20.4 years. 2. The ratio of setback amount between 6 to 15mm was 84.6% and the advancement amount between 1 to 10mm was 89% and the mean amount of movement was 9.0mm in setback, and 3.6mm in advancement. 3. After removal of maxillomandibular fixation(MMF), the distinction of sex was not statistically significant in ROM. 4. The ROM following methods of fixation was statistically significant in 3rd(P<0.05), 8th, and 12th week(each P<0.01), with faster rehabilitation in rigid fixation which had shorter MMF period. 5. The rehabilitation of ROM following the operation methods was statistically significant in 1st(P<0.05), 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 6th, 8th, and 12th week(each P<0.01) with faster rehabilitation in the case of SSRO than Lefort I / SSRO (Two jaw surgery). 6. The rehabilitation of ROM following directions of mandibular movement did not manifest a statistically significant difference in both setback and advancement.