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Vladislav Yu. Vasilyev,Yong Won Song,Konstantin P. Mogilnikov 한국물리학회 2009 Current Applied Physics Vol.9 No.2
Resistivity and surface morphology of Ru films have been investigated after Rapid Thermal Processing (RTP) at 400–700 ℃ and conventional long-time anneal (LTA) at 300–500 ℃. Films were grown on sub-nanometer-thick Pt–Pd alloy seed layer in a surface selective growth region at 110–185 ℃ using tricarbonyl{ η4-cyclohexa-1,3-diene}ruthenium, ammonia, nitrous oxide, hydrogen, and pulsed chemical vapor deposition conditions. Film morphology was stable up to 600 ℃ RTP, revealing surface agglomerates at 700 ℃. The resistivity dropped to stable values after ~10 min of LTA, revealing film shrinkage up to 50% and cracks at 1 h of 300–500 ℃ LTA. Both anneal types produced Ru film resistivity ~≼ 40 μΩ cm. Resistivity and surface morphology of Ru films have been investigated after Rapid Thermal Processing (RTP) at 400–700 ℃ and conventional long-time anneal (LTA) at 300–500 ℃. Films were grown on sub-nanometer-thick Pt–Pd alloy seed layer in a surface selective growth region at 110–185 ℃ using tricarbonyl{ η4-cyclohexa-1,3-diene}ruthenium, ammonia, nitrous oxide, hydrogen, and pulsed chemical vapor deposition conditions. Film morphology was stable up to 600 ℃ RTP, revealing surface agglomerates at 700 ℃. The resistivity dropped to stable values after ~10 min of LTA, revealing film shrinkage up to 50% and cracks at 1 h of 300–500 ℃ LTA. Both anneal types produced Ru film resistivity ~≼ 40 μΩ cm.
(Vladislav G. Petin),(Jin Kyu Kim) 한국환경생물학회 2002 환경생물 : 환경생물학회지 Vol.20 No.1
N/A The significance of cell ploidy and repair ability for the radioprotective efficiency of cysteamine was studied in DNA repair-proficient and repair-deficient yeast cells irradiated with ^60Co γ-rays. Results have been obtained for the cell survival of two groups of yeasts-diplont and haplont cells, both in haploid and diploid states. For diploid Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast cells, the correlation between the radio-protective action of cysteamine and the cell repair capacity was demonstrated. Such a correlation was not clearly expressed for haploid yeast cells. In addition, evidence was obtained indicating that the degree of the radioprotective action was independent of the number of chromosome sets in haplont yeast Pichia guilliermondii cells and in some radiosensitive mutants defective in the diploid-specific recovery. It is concluded on this basis that the radioprotective action may involve the cellular recovery process, which may be mediated by a recombination-like mechanism, for which the diploid state is required. The results obtained clearly show that the radioprotective effect was dependent on DNA repair status and indicate that the mechanism of the radioprotective action may be realized on the level of primary radiation damage production as well as on the level of postradiation recovery from potentially lethal radiation damage.
( Vladislav Valentinov ) 한국농촌경제연구원 2005 Journal of Rural Development Vol.28 No.2
The paper develops an organizational economics approach to explaining rural governance by viewing rural partnerships as a governance mechanism that can be used for organization of rural development activities along with markets and hierarchies. Utilizing the framework of the property rights theory of the firm and transaction cost economics, it is argued that rural partnerships exhibit superior transaction cost-economizing attributes due to their ability to accommodate high commonality of interests of local actors in the sustainable development of their rural areas. This argumentation is based on the proposition to regard the commonality of transaction participants` interests, rather than transaction attributes, as a major determinant of suitability of governance mechanisms to specific transactions. The paper concludes with the discussion of limitations of partnership-based governance.
Ответственность за нарушение экологического законодательства
Vladislav V Yakovlev 충북대학교 법학연구소 2014 과학기술과 법 Vol.5 No.1
This article analyzes the issues of liability for violation of environmental legislation. Legal responsibility as used herein should be defined as a complex legal institution of ensure duty to comply relations between society and nature in order to maintain a reasonable combination of environmental and economic interests, as well as to suffer the adverse effects of a rule breaking. Harm inflicted upon the environment is considered as a general concept that includes several elements. The author defines the responsibilities in the field of environmental protection as a complex set of economic and legal nature which combines the duty to prevent and redress the natural environment, thereby providing a stable balance of combination of economic and environmental interests in the economic activity. The article considered corpus delicti in the sphere of violation of environmental legislation enshrined in the current Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. This article analyzed the actual patterns, conditions, which allow drawing the conclusion about complex character of institution responsibility, combined categories of law and economics in the regulation of matters of economic activity.
Petin, Vladislav G.,Kim, Jin Kyu Elsevier 2005 Mutation research Vol.570 No.1
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Three wild-type diploid yeast strains <I>Saccharomyces ellipsoideus</I> and <I>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</I> and five radiosensitive mutants of <I>S. cerevisiae</I> in the diploid state were irradiated with γ-rays from <SUP>60</SUP>Co and α-particles from <SUP>239</SUP>Pu in the stationary phase of growth. Survival curves and the kinetics of the liquid holding recovery were measured. It was shown that the irreversible component was enhanced for the densely ionizing radiation in comparison to the low-LET radiation while the probability of the recovery was identical for both the low- and high-LET radiations for all the strains investigated. It means that the recovery process itself is not damaged after densely ionizing radiation and the enhanced RBE of the high-LET radiation may be caused by the increased yield of the irreversible damage. A parent diploid strain and all its radiosensitive mutants showed the same probability for recovery from radiation damage. Thus, the mechanism of the enhanced radiosensitivity of the mutant cells might not be related to the damage of the repair systems themselves but with the production of some kind of radiation damage from which cells are incapable to recover.</P>