Moral, Metamorphosis, Merriment : The Mix of Earnest and Play in Henryson's Fables

Robert Newlin 한국외국어대학교 영미연구소 2007 영미연구 Vol.17 No.-

Moral gravity and ludic energy lie close but uneasily together in the medieval animal fable. These elements are particularly active in Robert Henryson's Morall Fabilis; even as he presents his traditionally didactic tales, Henryson explores the tensions and potentials of this mix. This paper focuses upon Henryson's fifth fable, "The Trial of the Fox"-and explores how that trial (and its animal participants) rewrites the fable form.

An Authenticated Privacy Preserving Multiword Data Retrieval over Encrypted Cloud

M. Newlin Rajkumar,S. Palaniswami,V. Venkatesa Kumar,V. Durga Shankar 한국산업정보학회 2014 한국산업정보학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2014 No.1

Cloud Computing, the long term goal of utility computing has transformed the IT industry a lot. Data constantly contain sensitive information should be secured by policies and regulation defined by various organizations. However, information on cloud always causes privacy problems. Data encryption protects privacy and confidentiality but efficiency is not ensured. Symmetric Searchable Encryption (SSE) and Order Preserving Encryption (OPE) inevitably leaks the data and cloud users arc not authorized by the cloud. We propose, Trusted Centre Searchable Encryption (TCSE) which support multi keyword retrieval and user authentication. In TCSE, we employ a vector space model. Homomorphic encryption and a trusted center. The vector space model provides efficiency in accurate searching, homomorphic encryption involves in reducing computation cost and trusted center ensures access control in the cloud. Our approach guarantees practical efficiency for authentication and high security by eliminating data outflow.

Alisoun’s Beard

Robert Newlin 한국외국어대학교 외국문학연구소 2007 외국문학연구 Vol.- No.25

Alisoun’s rude and very direct gesture at the end of The Miller’s Tale has often been read as a shameful moment; at the very least, as a misogynistic attack upon the feminine and the feminine body. However, if we compare Alisoun’s gesture with the speeches and actions of her two young lovers, and particularly if we compare in terms of immediacy or prolongation of action or speech, a different picture emerges: a picture of interplay between distinctive, sometimes competing rhetorics, rhetorics which parallel various levels of maturity––of the characters, of the narrative, even of the poet as he takes stock at this relatively early stage in poem and pilgrimage. What follows is a new appreciation of the tale’s combined sophistication and innocence and, with these categories in mind, of the tale’s place within The Canterbury Tales. The Miller's Tale 끝부분에 전개되고 있는Alisoun의 버릇없고, 직선적인 행동은 창피스럽고 유치한 행위로 독자들에게 종종 이해되고 있다 적어도 여성과 여성의 육체를 비난하는 강한 여성혐오증으로 말이다. 그렇지만, Alisoun의 젊은 애인 두 사람을 향한 제스처, 말과 행동을 살펴 볼 때, 특히 어떤 임기응변의 또는 지속적인 행동과 언어들을 비교할 때, 한 폭의 새로운 그림이 묘사 된다: 독특하면서도 강한 수사력과 다양한 수준의 성숙함을 병행하는 수사력 등이 상호작용하는 한 폭의 그림이다 성숙한 수사력의 성격인물들, 화술, 그리고 시인은 작가가 비교적 앞부분에 소개하는 시들과 순례여행을 신중히 살펴보면 그 인터플레이를 볼 수 있다. 그래서 세련미와 순진난만 함이 잘 조화된 The Tale에 대한 새로운 평가와 감사함이다 이 아이디어 들을 음미해볼 때, 왜 The Miller's Tale 이 그 광범위한 The Canterbury Tales 의 앞부분에 소개되고 있는가를 동감할 수 있음이다.

Leaping Language: Albert the Great on Isaiah's Animals

Robert Newlin 한국수사학회 2007 수사학 Vol.0 No.6

Albert the Great는 중세 유럽의 가장 뛰어난 자연 사학자 중의 한 사람이다. 이 글은 Albert the Great의 자연과학에 대한 지식이 그의 성서논평에 어떻게 기여했는가를 살펴본다. 특히 이사야서에 실린 세 가지 부분에 관한 그의 해설에 관해서이다. 자연에 대한 Albert의 깊은 관심과 감수성은 예전의 많은 해설자들이 꿰뚫어 보지 못하고 성취하지 못한 부분까지 볼 수 있는 통찰력과 실행으로 이어진다. 특히 구약성서에 나타난 동물의 이미지에 관한 Albert the Great의 해설에 대해서 예전의 성경 해설자들은 ‘환상적인 상상’ 또는 ‘Ovidian 스타일의 망상’에 사로잡힌 것이라고 보나, Albert는 전례에 없었던 새로운 깨달음에 도달한다. 그것은 우리가 흔히 말하는 직역주의와 비유적인 시각의 중립적인 위치에서이다. 그 중립은 심사숙고, 난해함 그리고 공상과 미혹의 자의식에 의한 강한 탐구로 시작하여 새로운 논리학의 어법을 낳는 기초가 된다.

Banned with All Beasts: Noah`s Anger and the Crow in Cleanness and Medieval Tradition

( Robert Newlin ) 영미문학연구회 2008 영미문학연구 Vol.15 No.-

The anonymous Middle English Cleanness`s retelling of the Flood story from Genesis is distinctive (e.g. from the same poet`s Patience, a re-telling of the Jonah story) for its overall tone of anger and violence. One figure, the crow, would seem to be part and parcel of the pervading grim mood: it is on several points associated with the death that overtakes so many, and it attracts the focused anger of Noah himself. In this, Cleanness`s use of the bird would seem to be in general accord with the bulk of medieval exegesis on the story, which generally condemns Noah`s first envoy. However, a closer look at the details of both traditional exegesis and Cleanness`s poetic retelling reveals a more modulated bird. The more complex (and, I will argue, essentially useful) figure that emerges is not only of interest in its own right but also a key to understanding the richly suggestive relationship between Noah`s anger and God`s.

Moult and Mastery

Robert Newlin 한국외국어대학교 영미연구소 2007 영미연구 Vol.16 No.-

Chaucer's Troilus and Criseyde is approached through its use of falconry imagery. Falconry in the Middle Ages was a highly evolved and specialized practice, with a rich literature of its own, both imaginative and practical. The poem's three main characters can be understood in the different ways that they engage falconry: Pandarus, a detached shaper of events, as a falconer himself; Criseyde, as a character both changeable and fixed in her nature, as a falcon; Troilus, as one that evolves from associations with falconry to something more aquiline and, ultimately, transcendent. These patterns also reflect an underlying and double pattern of reference within the poem: that to Ovidian and Boethian schemes of love and love's changes.

Stasis and Change: Gower`s Gloss on Ovid`s Lycaon

( Robert Newlin ) 한국영어영문학회 2014 영어 영문학 Vol.60 No.4

John Gower’s use of the Lycaon story from Ovid’s Metamorphoses reveals much about the 14th century poet’s way of translation, or, more broadly, translatio: the transference of thought, learning, culture, and literary strategies along with the surface narrative. Lycaon’s is the first metamorphosis in Ovid’s work, and signals a great deal, both immediately and largely, about Ovid’s incipient narrative. In his turn, Gower conveys much about his own and contemporary theories of reception and writing as he melds Ovid’s story to his own use. What Gower removes, retains or changes creates a narrative of its own: the resulting text moves and stands still at the same time, actively poised between Ovid’s time and language and Gower’s.

Painted Pigs: Boethius Circe through an Ovidian Filter

Robert Newlin 한국중세근세영문학회 2006 고전·르네상스 영문학 Vol.15 No.1

Robert NewlinBoethius' treatment, in the 4th book of the Consolation of Philosophy, of the story of Ulysses and Circe serves as a touchstone in the transmission of this and other classical tales of metamorphosis into the Middle Ages. By looking at Ovidian and Boethian texts from the Augustan, late Antique, and medieval periods, this paper shows how readers and redactors of the Circe story developed a complex, self-conscious, and highly intertextual appreciation for metamorphosis: not only for the tales of change themselves, not only for their convenience for ethical or moral figurative use, but for the powerfully protean nature of the rhetoric itself.

대문 앞의 늑대 – 개빈 더글러스의 『아이네이스』 번역

로버트 뉼린(Newlin Robert) 한국외국어대학교 영미연구소 2016 영미연구 Vol.36 No.-

개빈 더글러스가 베르길리우스의 『아이네이스』를 16세기에 중세 스코틀랜드어로 번역한 사건은 훌륭한 번역에 대한 통찰을 제시한다. 더글러스는 베르길리우스의 걸작을 둘러싼 어휘와 이론, 주석 전통에 뛰어난 능력을 보이면서도, 정확하고 깊이 있으면서 동시에 편협하지 않게 스코틀랜드 풍취를 드러내는 번역물을 창조한 것이다. 특히 『아이네아스』 2권 중 자연과 동물 이미지를 사용한 방식을 주목하면 이러한 점을 추적할 수 있다. 본고는 더글러스의 번역 묘사 중 사슴, 늑대, (목)마, 뱀을 묘사할 때 드러나는 원전과의 사소하지만 중요한 차이점에 주목한다. 더글러스 시대에 와서 베르길리우스 주석의 “텍스트 공동체”와 그리스 로마의 수용 뿐 아니라 문학작품, 특히 우화에 등장한 동물들에 대한 후기고대 및 중세의 이론에 기대어, 우리는 스코틀랜드 시인 더글러스가 베르길리우스의 “문장” 즉 온전히 의도된(축적된) 의미로 본 것을 그럴듯함(즉 자연스러움)과 충실함이라는 때로는 상충하는 필요조건과 어떻게 타협하는지 알게 된다. 더글러스가 보기에 동물 이미지는 『아이네이스』에서 큰 패턴과 주제를 표출하고 반향하는, 종종 한 두 단어짜리 미니어처 세계 역할을 한다. 그 결과 더글러스의 번역은 원전에 공감으로 작용하는 작품, 즉 하나의 텍스트 역사에서 살아서 관여하는 걸작이다. Gavin Douglas’ 16th century translation into Middle Scots of Virgil’s Aeneid provides insight into how a good translator works. Highly competent in the language, theory and commentary tradition surrounding Virgil’s canonical work, Douglas nevertheless produces a version that is at the same time accurate, deeply thoughtful, at times expansive, and recognizably Scottish. How he does this can be approached by focusing on his version of the Aeneid’s Book Two, and especially on what Douglas does with natural and animal imagery. This paper will consider Douglas’ small but significant changes in the original’s descriptions of, respectively, the deer, the wolf, the (wooden) horse, and the snake. Drawing on late-antique and medieval theories of animals in literature, especially the fable, as well as the “textual community” of Virgilian commentary and Greek and Roman reception in Douglas’ age, we will consider how the Scottish poet negotiates the sometime conflicting requirements of verisimilitude or “naturalness” and faithfulness to what he saw as Virgil’s “sentence” or full intended (or accrued) meaning. For Douglas, the Aeneid’s animal imagery provides miniature opportunities―often through a single word or two―to signal or echo what he saw as larger patterns and themes in the poem. What results is a work that engages its source with sympathy and agency both: a living participant in a text’s history.

Big autonomous vehicular data classifications: Towards procuring intelligence in ITS

Daniel, Alfred,Subburathinam, Karthik,Paul, Anand,Rajkumar, Newlin,Rho, Seungmin Elsevier 2017 Vehicular communications Vol.9 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>For effectively utilization of acquired resources in Autonomous Vehicle (AV), big data analysis in real time will be a reliable way to produce valuable information from sensor data. With the combined ability of telematics and real-time analysis, big data analytics forming the key drivers of autonomous cars. To emphasize the significant of data fusion or knowledge discovery, an efficient architecture has been proposed for real-time big data analysis in an autonomous vehicle, which indeed will keep pace with the latest trends and development with respect to emerging big data paradigm. The proposed architecture comprises distributed data storage mechanism for a streaming process for real-time analysis and the vehicular cloud server tool for batch processing the offline data. Furthermore, a workflow model has also been designed for big data architecture to examine streaming data in near real time process. Furthermore, an algorithm is developed for data classification in distributed storage unit, and mathematical modeling is carried to analysis the data classification functionality in AV. The proposed system model using Hadoop framework which is for the optimal utilization of the massive data set, meant for data classification in distributed environment for streaming data in real time, which is intended for intelligent transportation of the autonomous vehicle.</P>