Absolutism 의 특성

조경래 ( Kyoung Rai Cho ) 고려대학교 역사연구소 1962 사총 Vol.7 No.-

Experimental investigation of slamming impact acted on flat bottom bodies and cumulative damage

Hyun Kyoung Shin,Byoungcheon Seo,Sang-Rai Cho 대한조선학회 2018 International Journal of Naval Architecture and Oc Vol.10 No.3

Most offshore structures including offshore wind turbines, ships, etc. suffer from the impulsive pressure loads due to slamming phenomena in rough waves. The effects of elasticity & plasticity on such slamming loads are investigated through wet free drop test results of several steel unstiffened flat bottom bodies in the rectangular water tank. Also, their cumulative deformations by consecutively repetitive free drops from 1000 mm to 2000 mm in height are measured.

중학생의 부부폭력 목격경험, 아동학대, 학교폭력 가해여부의 공존성 및 학교폭력 가해 예측요인에 관한 연구

노충래,김현경 이화여자대학교 사회복지연구센터 2004 이화사회복지연구 Vol.5 No.-

본 연구는 중학생을 대상으로 가정에서 발생하는 부부폭력(아내학대, 남편학대)과 아동학대 (부 또는 모의 아동학대), 그리고 학교폭력 가해여부의 공존성을 알아보고 학교폭력의 가해여부를 예측할 수 있는 요인을 밝혀냄으로써 사회복지적 함의를 도출해내는 것을 그 목적으로 하고 있다. 이를 위해 서울시의 중학교에 재학중인 383명의 중학생을 대상으로 2002년 10월부터 11월까지 2주 동안 설문조사를 실시하여 교차분석과 로지스틱 회귀분석을 이용한 결과를 정리하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 전체적으로 학교폭력의 가해비율은 54.31%였으며, 부부폭력목격경험, 아동학대, 그리고 학교폭력의 가해여부의 공존성은 부부폭력과 아동학대의 유형에 따라 적게는 7.31%에서 많게는 9.66%로 조사되었다. 둘째, 부부폭력 목격경험이 있고 아동학대 경험이 있는 집단이 부부폭력 목격경험이 있지만 아동학대 경험이 없는 집단에 비해 학교폭력을 가해하는 비율이 높게 나타났다. 그리고 부부폭력 목격경험이 없는 집단 내에서는 아동학대 경험이 있는 집단 아동학대 경험이 없는 집단에 비해 학교폭력을 가해하는 비율이 높은 것으로 조사되었다. 마지막으로 성별, 성적, 가족의 경제수준과 아내학대, 남편학대, 부의 아동학대, 모의 아동학대, 그리고 부부폭력 및 아동학대의 공존성변수를 활용하여 학교폭력 가해여부를 예측하는 변수를 파악하고자 로지스틱 회귀분석을 실시한 결과, 남자청소년이 여자청소년에 비해 학교 폭력을 가해할 odd가 3.56배로 나타났으며, 아내학대를 목격한 점수의 단위가 하나씩 증가할 때 학교폭력을 가해할 odd는 3.877배, 부의 아동학대 점수가 한 단위씩 증가할수록 응답자가 학교폭력을 가해할 odd는 3.281 배씩 증가하는 것을 알 수 있다. 그리고 모의 아동학대 점수가 한 단위씩 증가할 때 학교폭력을 가해할 odd는 4.423배씩 증가하는 것을 알 수 있어, 어머니로부터의 아동학대가 학교폭력에 가장 심각한 영향을 주는 것을 알 수 있다. 하지만 학교폭력의 가해여부를 예측하는데 있어 부부폭력 및 아동학대의 공존성 변수는 통계적으로 유의미하지 않았다. 이상과 같은 결과를 토대로 사회복지에 주는 함의를 논의하였다. This study aims to find coexistence of intraparental abuse, child abuse, and school violence among middle school students and to identify predictive factors for school violence, so that implications for social work can be drawn. For the purpose of the study, three hundred eighty three students were recruited and completed self-administered questionnaires from Oct 2002 to Nov. 2002. Crosstab analysis and logistic regression analysis were used. The results of the study are as follows. First, 54.31% out of 383 students indicated their involvement in school violence over the last year period. The ratio of coexistence of Intraparental abuse, child abuse, and school violence varied from 7.31% to 9.66%, depending on types of abuses. Second, students who witnessed intraparental abuse and were abused showed higher rates of school violence when compared with those students with intraparental abuse and without child abuse. In addition, within the group which did not experience intraparental abuse, those with child abuse showed higher rates of school violence involvement than those with no child abuse. Last, gender, wife abuse, child abuse by father and by mother were identified as predictive factors for school violence. In particular, students whom were abused by mothers were 4.423 times more likely to be involved in school violence than those whom were not abused by mothers. However, the coexistence variable of intraparental abuse and child abuse was not a statistically significant variable for prediction of school violence. Based on the results, implications for social work practice and policy were discussed.

Development of simple design-oriented procedure for predicting the collision damage of FPSO caisson protection structures

Cho, Sang-Rai,Le, Dinh Ngoc Can,Jeong, Jang-Hyun,Frieze, Paul A.,Shin, Hyun-Kyoung Pergamon Press 2017 Ocean engineering Vol.142 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Protection structures for FPSO (Floating Production Storage and Offloading) caissons should be sufficiently strong so as not to contact caisson pipes even when the protection structure is damaged by an impact by attendant vessels. In the present structural design process, non-linear commercial packages are employed for collision analyses. However, non-linear collision analyses using commercial packages are time-consuming and expensive to operate, especially in the initial design stage. In this study, substantiation of the adopted commercial package was first performed using collision test results on single pipes and H-shape pipes. Then, a rigorous parametric study was conducted by changing the design variables. A simple analytical expression was derived assuming that the kinetic energy of the striking vessel was dissipated by the plastic elongation of pipes and rotation of plastic hinges. Using the parametric study results, design equations to predict the maximum deflection and overall bending damage were obtained by which the effects of local denting and dynamic behaviour could be considered. Additionally, an equation to predict the extent of local denting damage was also derived. The developed procedure was numerically substantiated using the predicted extent of damage to an actual protection structure.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Collision damage of FPSO caisson protection structures is developed in this study. </LI> <LI> Numerical analysis method was substantiated using the collision tests results. </LI> <LI> Simple design equations were derived using the parametric study results. </LI> <LI> Maximum deflection, maximum overall bending and local denting damage are predicted. </LI> <LI> A calculation example is also provided for the developed procedure. </LI> </UL> </P>

국내 난민아동의 문화적응 스트레스가 우울에 미치는 영향

노충래(Nho, Choong Rai),윤수경(Yoon, Su Kyoung),김신영(Kim, Shin Young) 한국아동복지학회 2018 한국아동복지학 Vol.- No.63

최근 국내에 난민이 급증하면서, 난민수용이 사회적 문제로 대두되고 있다. 성인 난민에 비해 난민아동은 강제이주 및 정착 과정에서 매우 취약한 상태에 놓이게 되나 이들에 대한 국내의 실증적 연구는 부족한 상황이다. 이에 본 연구는 국내 난민아동의 문화적응 스트레스와 우울의 관계에서 자아존중감의 조절효과를 검증하여 난민아동의 심리사회적 문제에 대한 아동복지적 개입방안을 모색하는 것이 주 목적이다. 이를 위해 본 연구에서는 난민지원 NGO의 도움을 받아 임의표집 방식을 통해 만 6세 이상 18세 미만 70명의 아동을 표집하였고, 이들을 대상으로 2017년 7월부터 10월까지 약 4개월 동안 설문조사를 실시하였다. 그 결과 난민아동의 문화적응 스트레스는 우울에 정적인 영향을 미쳤으며, 자아존중감은 문화적응 스트레스와 우울의 관계에서 조절효과를 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 특히 자아존중감이 높은 집단이 낮은 집단에 비해 조절효과가 더 큰 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 난민아동의 문화적응 스트레스와 우울을 감소시키고, 자아존중감 향상을 위한 심리적 지원방안을 논의하였다. Despite an increase in the number of refugee children in Korea, there is a scarcity of studies on them. The purpose of this study was to examine self-esteem as a moderator in the relationship between acculturative stress and depression among refugee children in Korea. For this purpose, a purposive sampling method was used, with the help of non-governmental organizations (NGOs), to survey 70 refugee children (aged 6 to 17 years). The results showed that acculturative stress was associated with depression while self-esteem significantly moderated the relationship between acculturative stress and depression. Further, the magnitudes of the interaction effects were greater among children with high self-esteem, compared to those with low self-esteem. Based on the results, we suggested psychological interventions for refugee children in order to reduce acculturative stress and depression, while discussing ways to promote self-esteem among them.

Protective effects of green tea polyphenol against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats

( Tae Gyu Ahn ),( Han Kyoung Kim ),( So Won Park ),( Soo Ah Kim ),( Byoung Rai Lee ),( Sei Jun Han ) 대한산부인과학회 2014 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.57 No.6

ObjectiveThis study is to compare the effects of green tea polyphenol (GTP) pre-treatment with those of GTP post-treatment on cisplatin (CP)-induced nephrotoxicity in rat. MethodsMale Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into six groups. Animals in the control group received 0.9% saline (intraperitoneal); animals in the GTP group received 0.9% saline and GTP (0.2% GTP as their sole source of drinking water); the CP group received only CP (7 mg/kg, intraperitoneal); the CP+preGTP group received GTP from two days before CP to four days after CP and the CP+postGTP group received GTP for four days after CP. CP-induced renal toxicity was evaluated by plasma creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) concentrations; kidney tissue γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) and alkaline phosphatase (AP) activities and histopathological examinations. ResultsHigh serume creatinine and BUN concentrations were observed in CP treated rats. The GGT and AP activites were lower in kidney of CP treated rats compared to control rats. In addition, treatment with CP resulted in development of a marked tubular necrosis, and tubular dilation in kidney of rats. Pretreatment with GTP resulted in markedly reduced elevation of serum creatinine and BUN amounts and changes of GGT and AP activity in kidney induced by CP. CP-induced histopathological changes, including tubular necrosis and dilation, were ameliorated in GTP pre-treated rats, compared to CP alone or GTP post-treated ratsConclusionThese results demonstrate that GTP might have some protective effect against CP-induced nephrotoxicity in rat, and GTP pre-treatment was more effective than GTP post-treatment on reduction of CP-induced renal dysfunction.

Dynamic lateral mass impact on steel stringer-stiffened cylinders

Do, Quang Thang,Muttaqie, Teguh,Shin, Hyun Kyoung,Cho, Sang-Rai Elsevier 2018 International journal of impact engineering Vol.116 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>This paper focuses on the impact responses of large-diameter, thin-walled steel stringer-stiffened cylinders subjected to low-velocity mass impact. The impact scenarios employed in this study represent load actions as a result of supply vessel collisions with the main legs of floating offshore platforms and wind turbine structures. Two steel stringer-stiffened cylinders were fabricated and drop tests were performed at mid-span, using a rigid knife-edged indenter. The details of the experimental setup, test procedure and test results are reported in this paper. The experimental data appear to be useful for future benchmark studies. Numerical predictions of the impact response of the test models were simulated by means of the explicit solver of the finite element software package ABAQUS. The numerical predictions show a good agreement with the test results. The effect of the strain-rate hardening definition on the results is highlighted. Furthermore, parametric studies were conducted on stringer-stiffened cylinder models in order to clarify the progressive impact responses.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Dynamic mass impact tests have been performed to investigate the response of stringer-stiffened cylinders. </LI> <LI> Numerical simulations of the impact response of the stringer-stiffened cylinders are conducted. </LI> <LI> The effects of the strain-rate hardening definition on the numerical results are highlighted. </LI> <LI> Parametric studies were conducted on stringer-stiffened cylinder models to clarify the effect of boundary conditions, impact velocities, impact locations, stringer-stiffeners as well as striker header shapes. </LI> </UL> </P>

Probabilistic ultimate strength analysis of submarine pressure hulls

Cerik, Burak Can,Shin, Hyun-Kyoung,Cho, Sang-Rai The Society of Naval Architects of Korea 2013 International Journal of Naval Architecture and Oc Vol.5 No.1

This paper examines the application of structural reliability analysis to submarine pressure hulls to clarify the merits of probabilistic approach in respect thereof. Ultimate strength prediction methods which take the inelastic behavior of ring-stiffened cylindrical shells and hemi-spherical shells into account are reviewed. The modeling uncertainties in terms of bias and coefficient of variation for failure prediction methods in current design guidelines are defined by evaluating the compiled experimental data. A simple ultimate strength formulation for ring-stiffened cylinders taking into account the interaction between local and global failure modes and an ultimate strength formula for hemispherical shells which have better accuracy and reliability than current design codes are taken as basis for reliability analysis. The effects of randomness of geometrical and material properties on failure are assessed by a prelimnary study on reference models. By evaluation of sensitivity factors important variables are determined and comparesons are made with conclusions of previous reliability studies.

Repeated lateral impacts on steel grillage structures at room and sub-zero temperatures

Truong, Dac Dung,Shin, Hyun Kyoung,Cho, Sang-Rai Elsevier 2018 International journal of impact engineering Vol.113 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>This paper presents experimental and numerical investigation results for the plastic response of steel grillages, represented by one longitudinal stiffener and two transverse stiffeners of stiffened plates, used on ships or offshore structures under repeated mass impacts. The repeated mass impact scenario adopted in this paper could represent the repetition of impacted loads on marine structures due to contact with ice floes and floating objects during service. Repeated impact tests on grillage models at room and sub-zero temperatures (−50 °C) were conducted by releasing a knife-edge striker using a drop testing machine. The ends of the grillage models were firmly fixed onto a strong bed with support fixtures. To evaluate the repeated impact performance of the tested models, permanent deflections were measured after each impact test. Additionally, numerical simulations were performed using the commercial software package ABAQUS/Explicit to predict the extent of damage to the tested models caused by repeated impacts. In the calculations, the material properties of tested models were used to determine the strain hardening and strain rate hardening model using the equations recently proposed by the authors. Also, a simple analytical approach has been proposed to predict the damage evolution of the grillage subjected to repeated mass impacts. Reasonable agreement was achieved between the predictions and test results. The results showed that when the structure was repeatedly impacted, permanent deflections of the grillage significantly increased with increasing impact force. The permanent deflections tended to have certain values when the number of impacts increased. Based on the numerical results (which were substantiated with the experimental results), further calculations were then carried out to examine impact responses in greater detail and assess the effects of variations in boundary conditions and strain rate definitions on the response of grillages to repeated mass impacts.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Repeated mass impact tests were performed on four steel grillage structures at room and sub-zero temperatures for different kinetic energies. </LI> <LI> Deflection increments were reduced and contact force increased, but impact duration decreased with an increasing number of impacts. </LI> <LI> An analytical method has been developed in this study to predict the permanent deflections of grillage beam under repeated mass impact. </LI> <LI> There is reasonable agreement between the experimental results and predictions of the numerical and analytical analyses developed in this study. </LI> <LI> The effects of strain rate and boundary conditions on the impact responses of grillages were also numerically investigated. </LI> </UL> </P>

보강판의 국부변형 손상과 잔류 강도의 실험연구

박상현(Sang-Hyun Park),신현경(Hyun Kyoung Shin),강응순(Eungsoon Kang),조상래(Sang-Rai Cho),장용수(Yong-Su Jang),백남기(Nam-Ki Baek),박동기(Dong-Ki Park) 대한조선학회 2020 大韓造船學會 論文集 Vol.57 No.4