Outage probability and channel capacity for the <i>N</i>th best relay selection AF relaying over INID Rayleigh fading channels

Ko, K.,Woo, C. John Wiley Sons, Ltd 2012 International Journal of Communication Systems Vol.25 No.11

<P><B>SUMMARY</B></P><P>Cooperative diversity systems have recently been proposed as a way to form virtual antenna schemes without utilizing collocated multiple antennas. In this paper, we consider the <I>N</I>th best opportunistic amplify‐and‐forward (AF) cooperative diversity systems. The AF type can be regarded as one on the basis of modified channel state information. Wireless channels between any pair of nodes (i.e., direct and dual hop links) are assumed quasi‐static independent and nonidentically distributed (INID) Rayleigh fading. The best opportunistic AF (OAF) scheme requires two phases of transmission. During the first phase, the source node transmits a signal to all relays and the destination. In the second phase, the best relay is only selected on the basis of highest signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) scheme to forward the source signal to the destination. Therefore, the indirect link (i.e., source‐selected relay destination) can give the highest received SNR. However, the best relay selection cannot be available so that we might choose the second, third, or generally the <I>N</I>th best relay. In this paper, we derive the approximated outage probability and channel capacity for the <I>N</I>th best OAF relay systems over INID Rayleigh fading channels. At first, the indirect link's received SNR is approximated as harmonic mean upper bound. With this information, we obtain the given relay's <I>N</I>th best selection probability as the closed form. Finally, both outage probability and channel capacity are derived as the closed forms. Simulation results are finally presented to validate the analysis. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.</P>

Design of Hybrid Network Discovery Module for Detecting Client Applications and ActiveX Controls

Ko, K.,Kang, P.,Sim, W. SPRINGER-VERLAG 2007 ICHIT 2012 Vol.4706 No.-

Production of antibodies in plants: approaches and perspectives.

Ko, K,Brodzik, R,Steplewski, Z Springer-Verlag 2009 Current topics in microbiology and immunology Vol.332 No.-

<P>Advances in molecular biology, immunology, and plant biotechnology have changed the paradigm of plant as a food source to so-called plant bioreactor to produce valuable recombinant proteins. These include therapeutic or diagnostic monoclonal antibodies, vaccines, and other biopharmaceutical proteins. The plant as a bioreactor for the production of therapeutic proteins has several advantages, which include the lack of animal pathogenic contaminants, low cost of production, and ease of agricultural scale-up compared to other currently available systems. Thus, plants are considered to be a potential alternative to compete with other systems such as bacteria, yeast, or insect and mammalian cell culture. Plant production systems, particularly therapeutic antibodies, are very attractive to pharmaceutical companies to produce the antibodies in demand. Currently, we have successfully developed a plant system for production of anti-rabies monoclonal antibody and anti-colorectal cancer monoclonal antibody. The effective plant production system for recombinant antibodies requires the appropriate plant expression machinery with optimal combination of transgene expression regulatory elements, control of posttranslational protein processing, and efficient purification methods for product recovery. However, there are several limitations that have to be resolved to establish the efficient plant system for antibody production. Here, we discuss the approaches and perspectives in plant systems to produce monoclonal antibody.</P>

Characteristic Classification and Correlation Analysis of Source-Level Vulnerabilities in the Linux Kernel

Ko, K.,Jang, I.,Kang, Y.-h.,Lee, J.,Eom, Y. I. SPRINGER-VERLAG 2005 Lecture Notes in Computer Science Vol.3802 No.-

The Abnormal Traffic Control Framework Based on QoS Mechanisms

Ko, K.,Cho, E.-k.,Lee, T.,Kang, Y.-h.,Eom, Y. I. SPRINGER-VERLAG 2004 Lecture Notes in Computer Science Vol.3280 No.-

흥행영화와 죽음 : 2000년대 전반기 한국 흥행영화에서 드러나는 죽음의 의미작용

서곡숙 영상예술학회 2009 영상예술연구 Vol.15 No.-

죽음은 인간의 종말이자 유기체의 완전하고 총체적인 소멸이며 필연적 현상이다. 죽음은 제한적, 유한적인 삶에 아름다움, 존경, 가치를 부여한다. 죽음에 대한 공포는 죽음을 기호, 은유, 상징 등으로 금기시하게 만든다. 죽음에 대한 선행 연구는 철학, 종교, 문학에서 활발하게 이루어지고 있다. 철학은 서구와 한국의 죽음관, 육체와 정신의 문제에 대해서 논의하고, 종교는 각 종교의 죽음관, 죽음 이후의 세계, 극복 문제에 대해서 논의하고, 문학은 작품에 드러나는 죽음의식과 의미에 대해서 논의한다. 본고는 2000년대 전반기 흥행영화에 공통적으로 나타나는 죽음의 의미작용에 대해서 고찰하고자 한다. 죽음은 이 영화들의 내러티브에서 주요한 역할을 담당한다는 점에서 주목할 필요가 있다. 죽음의 의식과 의미작용에서는 죽음의 유형, 과정, 방식, 의미, 삶과의 연관성 등이 드러난다. 첫째, 죽음의 유형은 자연적/비자연적 죽음, 내적/외적/거짓 죽음, 비참한/위엄 있는 죽음 등이다. 흥행영화에서 인물의 죽음은 대부분 비자연적 죽음, 외적 죽음, 비참한 죽음이다. 죽는 인물은 대부분 착하고 정의롭고 사랑받는 인물들(=희생양)이거나 혹은 사회의 범죄적 존재에서 정의로운 존재로 변화하는 인물들(=속죄양)이다. 둘째, 죽음 의식의 과정에서 선하거나 정의로운 인물의 죽음은 공동체를 폭력적이고 위태로운 상황으로 만들 때 이러한 상황은 희생양/괴물/왕의 죽음으로 종료된다. 죽는 인물들은 희생한다-자신의 절망이 아니라 사랑하는 타인의 생명을 위해 자신의 목숨을 버린다. 그들은 죽음에 대한 두려움과 공포 속에서 다른 인물의 사랑과 현존재를 인식한다. 셋째, 죽음에 대한 표현 방식에서는 주인공의 죽음은 느린 템포와 비장감으로 다루어지지만, 그들의 죽음 이후의 결과는 비극적인 결말이 아니라 낙관적인 전망으로 표현되고 있다. 넷째, 죽음의 의미는 폭력성, 인간과 사회 사이의 갈등, 부조리한 삶 등을 통해 개인/집단, 남/여, 전통/근대의 갈등을 드러낸다. 다섯째, 인물들의 죽음은 삶/죽음, 생성/소멸, 체제/남성성의 관계를 통해 유한한 존재인 인간, 생명 경시 풍조, 혼돈된 세계를 보여준다. 이제 죽음은 하나의 가벼운 사건으로 여겨지고 일상화·사물화됨으로써 망각되고 있다. 오늘의 죽음은 죽음의 망각, 의례의 불완전성과 결여, 삶/죽음의 단절, 열린/닫힌 죽음의 대립을 보여준다. 그래서 2000년대 전반기 죽음이 호명되는 이유는 죽음의 변형, 조작, 원한을 진혼제, 희생제의로 풀고자 하기 때문이다. Death is an end of human, perfect and total extinction of organism, and an inevitable phenomenon. Death gives beauty, esteem, and value to restrictive, limited life. Fear of death makes death to be prohibited from expression by a sign, a metaphor, and a symbol. The preceding studies on death have researched in the field of philosophy, religion and literature. In philosophy they have studied on the point of view about death between the West and Korea, the subject of the body and the spirit are studied in philosophy, in religion they have studied on the point of view about death in each religions, the world after death and overcoming death are studied in religion, and in literature they have studied on a death ritual and meaning of death. This study wants to research a meaning operation of death in the Korean blockbuster in the early 2000's. We should be worthy of notice death that plays an important role in the films. The types, process, modes, ways, meaning of death and relation of life are revealed in the death ritual and meaning of death. The first, the types of death are divided into natural/unnatural, internal/external and miserable/dignified death. In blockbuster the types of death are mostly unnatural, external and miserable death. The characters to die are mostly the good, right and beloved persons(=scapegoats) or the persons to turn criminals into right ones(=victims). The second, good or right characters' deaths make communities violent and critical, these circumstances are ended by deaths of victims/a monster/a king. They get sacrifices-they die not because of despair of themselves but because of the life of person that they love. And they realize love of another person and ‘Dasein(=thrown present being)’ in situations of their fear and horror about death. The third, in the expression modes about death, the protagonists' deaths is represented by the slow tempo and the pathetic mood, but the result after their deaths is expressed not by the tragic ending but by the optimistic prospect. The fourth, the meaning of death shows the conflicts between the individual/mass, the male/female, the tradition/modern by the violence, conflict between the person and the society, irrational life, and so on. The fifth, the death of the characters shows the limit of the human, tendency of contempt of the life and the chaotic world by the relation to the life/death, the creation/ extinction and the system/man. Nowadays the death is thought to be a trifle incident and then it is forgotten. The death shows oblivion of death, imperfection and lack of ritual, discontinuity between life and death, and confrontation between open death and close death. So death is appeared in the early 2000's blockbusters because of sacrifice ritual and a service for the repose of souls about transformation, a fabrication and resentment of death.

毛澤東 體育 思想 硏究

鄭應根,金福順 서울대학교 체육연구소 2002 서울大學校 體育硏究所論集 Vol.23 No.2

The purpose of this study was to investigate the career and idea of Mao Ze Dong who was a great revolutionist, military advisor, and strategist in China, and to examine the idea of physical education by times and a special features. China, and to exam It was his adolescence that Mao established his practice and idea of physical education. 「The Study of Physical Education」which was written in his adolescence was the passion of his idea of physical education and was the first paper that he systematically discoursed on physical education. During the times of revolutionary movement, Mao was deeply concerned about how he could improve and generalize the culture. This concern was developed the his dominative idea of physical education in the times of an anti-Japanese movement and he appealed to the nation that ‘we should develop the movement of physical training and from that must improve the physical constitution of our nation.’ During the times of establishment of a socialist state, this slogan, that ‘we should develop the movement of physical training and from that must improve the physical constitution of our nation’, became the criterion for development of physical education and the purpose for the popularization and expansion of physical education, and provided China with the popularity and universality of education. The core of Mao's idea of physical education was to develop physical training and to improve the physical constitution of the nation. So to speak, he constantly contented the improvement of the physical constitution of the nation and this contention contained a profound idea in contents. Since his adolescence he constantly had emphasized the virtue of intellectual, moral, and physical aspect. He valued military physical training above everything else as a means to an end of revolution and maintained the harmony between physical education and military drill. He also made much of sporting events and used it diplomatic means, and used the moral value of physical education to establish moral civilization. Mao's idea of physical education was very various and diverse. His idea of physical education had a great effect on modern history of physical education in China and was a quite meaningful idea in social and cultural aspect. Mao's idea of physical education was remained a very significant viewpoint in contemporary China and had a importance today. In fact, his idea of physical education had a great effect on improvement of the physical constitution and raising of spiritual strength of Chinese. It specially contributed to lay the foundation for becoming China as one of the sports world powers in Olympic Games.

Indirect short resin post Crown을 이용한 유전치부 심미수복

이상호,한국재,김효석,이창섭 大韓小兒齒科學會 1998 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.25 No.3

Children who have severely destructive anterior primary dentition, as in nursing bottle caries, in trauma, in rampant caries and in developmental defects. present the dentist with one of the most perplexing situations in dentistry. Especially. children with managed behaver difficultly is very severly situations. This paper reported a new technique for the utilization of resin post and strip crown to indirect methods on severely destructive primary anterior teeth. We name it "indirect short resin post crown" in this paper. Indurect technique be considered to be a simple, a retentive, retentive, intensive, color-stable and esthetic restoration.

Knowledge-Based Control via the Internet

Kok-Zuea Tang,Han-Leong Goh,Kok-Kiong Tan,Tong-Heng Lee 대한전기학회 2004 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.2 No.2

Disturbed Sleep and Disturbed Bowel Functions: Implications for Constipation in Healthy Individuals

( Kok Ann Gwee ) 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회(구 대한소화관운동학회) 2011 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.17 No.2