An immunohistochemical Study on the Pancreatic Endocrine Cells of the C57Bl/6 Mouse

Hyeung-Sik Lee,Hyeung-SikLee,Sae-KywangKu 대한수의학회 2002 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.3 No.4

The regional distribution and relative frequency ofthe pancreatic endocrine cells in the C57BL/6 mousewere studied by immunohistochemical method usingfour types of specific mammalian antisera againstinsulin,glucagon,somatostatin and human pancreaticpolypeptide (PP). The pancreas of mouse could bedivided into three portions;pancreatic islets, pancreaticduct and exocrine portions, and pancreatic isletswere further subdivided into three regions (central,mantle and peripheral regions) according to theirlocated types of immunoreactive cells and pancreaticduct portions were also subdivided into two regions(epithelial and connective tissue regions). In thepancreatic islet portions, although some cells werealso demonstrated in the mantle regions, most ofinsulin-immunoreactive cells were located in thecentral regions and they were randomly dispersed inthe whole pancreatic islets.Glucagon-immunoreactivecells were detected in the mantle and peripheralregions. Their relative frequencies in the peripheralregions were somewhat numerous than those of themantle regions. Somatostatin-immunoreactive cellswere detected in the mantle and peripheral regions.However,no PP-immunoreactive cells were demonstratedin the pancreatic islets of C57BL/6 mouse. In thepancreatic duct portions,rare glucagon-immunoreactivecells were situated in the epithelial regions. Cellclusters that consisted of glucagon- or somatostatin-immunoreactive cells were found in some case ofconnective tissue regions of pancreatic ducts.However,insulin-and PP-immunoreactive cells were not detectedin the epithelial nor connective tissue regions.In theexocrine portions, all four types of immunoreactivecells except for PP cells were demonstrated in the*Corresponding author: Hyeung-Sik Lee

회고록 『세기와 더불어』 시가문학 현황과 민족주의적 향유배경

이노형(Lee, No-Hyeung) 한국어문학회 2014 語文學 Vol.0 No.126

『With the Century』 is a memoir written by Kim Il Sung who conducted the guerrilla troops of HANGILYUGEUGDAE. Although its literary amount and system are short of those of the existing literary books, this memoir has many literary informations. Namely it has a lot of informations in relation with the singing poems and backgrounds of literary enjoyment. The distribution range of the works in the memoir is as follows. The quantity of total works consists of about 50 pieces. The 50 pieces go for much larger quantity than 30 pieces exhibited by the past research. Those include about 20 new works too. The new works are especially important works. It is Because they can expand the scope of the existing north korean singing poems. Works of the remaining 30 are also important. Each of them with new works is because it has a very realistic background of literary enjoyment. They contain background informations ranging from the subject and audience of creative and performing to performing on-site, events, and their goals, achievement of performance etc. Description of memoirs with reference to these informations cause a very realistic. In particular it reveals a strong nationalistic consistency. Such nationalistic background of literary enjoyment gives the realistic proof of the national ideology in anti-Japanese singing poems. Such ideology overwhelms the ideologies towards leader and people. This national phenomenon brings a prospect for deepening of nationalistic ideology in future north korean literature. Because the testament in 『With the Century』 written by KIM IL SUNG is the absolute teachings.

魚具類中에 分布하는 蛋白質分解酵素의 分離 및 精製에 關한 硏究

張東錫,金亨洛,趙鶴來,卞在亨 釜山水産大學校 1986 釜山水産大學 硏究報告 Vol.26 No.1-2

水産無脊椎動物중 낙지, 전복, 소라, 군소, 해삼, 개불과 水産脊椎動物인 말쥐치, 두툽상어, 먹장어, 고등어 그리고 정어리의 消化管 및 肉과 臟器組織을 區分하여 組織中에 分布하는 蛋白質分解組酵素를 抽出하여 그 活性을 比較·檢討하였다. 그리고 强한 活性을 보인 고등어 幽門垂에서 抽出한 粗酵素는 鹽析, DEAE-Sephadex A-50 column chromatography 및 Sephades G-100 겔여과에 의하여 3種類의 알칼리性 蛋白質分解酵素를 分離·精製하였으며 各 精製酵素에 대하여 活性最適條件, 基質親和度, 化學藥劑에 의한 影響 및 分子量 등을 究明하였다. 그리고 試料動物의 內臟에서 分離한 細菌中에서 가장 强한 蛋白質分解酵素를 生産하는 菌株를 選別하고 그 菌이 生産한 酵素를 精製하여 特性을 調査한 結果를 要約하면 다음과 같다. 1. 各 試料의 組織에서 抽出한 粗酵素中 活性이 强한 것으로는 정어리의 膵臟에서 抽出한 것이 活性最適條件인 pH 9.8, 45℃에서 固有活性은 360 이었고, 고등어 幽門??에서 抽出한 것은 pH 9.4, 45~50℃에서 固有活性은 275였다. 2. 고등어 幽門垂에서 抽出한 粗酵素에서는 3種의 알칼리性 蛋白質分解酵素가 分離·精製되었는데, 이 세 酵素를 SDS-PAG 電氣泳動法과 Se-phadex G-100겔 여과법에 의하여 分析·檢討한 結果 이들 酵素는 모두 monomeric polypeptide로서 구성되고, 分子量은 Enz. A가 27,500, Enz. B가 20,500, 그리고 Enz. C가 15,250 정도였다. 3. 酵素의 基質親和度를 測定한 結果 Km値는 casein 基質에 대하여 Enz. A는 5.0×??, Enz.B는 1.0×?? 그리고 Enz. C는 3.3×??였다. 4. 各 精製酵素는 soybean trypsin inhibitor에 의하여 活性이 沮害를 되었으며 Enz. A는 p-chloromercuribenzoate에 의해서도 沮害를 받았는데 Enz. B와 C는 serine系 蛋白質分解酵素로 判斷되었다. 5. 分離細菌中에서 제일 강한 蛋白質分解酵素를 生産하는 細菌은 Pseudomonas SPP. 였으며 酵素의 生産은 pH 7.0, 溫度 25℃, 食鹽 0.5% 염화칼슘 0.2%를 添加했을 때 제일 양호하였으며, 이 酵素는 分子量이 약 29,000되는 metal chelator sensitive neutral proteinase로 추정되었다. 6. 結論的으로 漁具類의 組織酵素는 계속적인 原料供給이 어려우므로 酵素의 産業的 利用을 위해서는 細菌이 生産한 菌體外 蛋白質分解酵素의 活用이 보다 有益할 것으로 생각된다. Proteolytic actvity of the tissue extracts from the octopus(Octopus variabilis), abalone (Haliotis discus hannai), top shell(Turbo cornutus), sea hare(Aplysia kurodai), sea cucumber(Stichopus japonicus), echiurid(Urechis unicinctus), file fish(Navodon modestus), cat shark(Scillion hinus tarazame), hag fish(Eptatretus burgeri), mackerel(Scomber japonicus) and sardine(Sardinops melanosticta) was compared to develope as an useful enzyme. The strongest proteolyticbacterium was selected among the isolated strains from the samples submitted, then the proteolytic exoenzyme produced by this strain was also characterized. Among the tissue enzyme extracts, the proteolytic enzymes from the pyloric caeca of mackerel and pancreas of sardine were estimated as strong alkaline proteinases. The optimum pH and temperature of the crude enzyme extracted with 1% NaCl from the pyloric caeca of mackerel and pancreas of sardine were pH 0.4, 50℃ and pH 9.8, 45℃, respectively. Specific activity of the former enzyme was 275 nM-Tyr. eq/mg-protein/min and that of latter one was 360 nM-Tyr. eq/mg-protein/min. Three kinds of alkaline proteinases were isolated from the pyloric caeca of mackerel, we named those as enzyme A, B and C. Molecular weight of enzyme A, B and C determined by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and Sephadex G-100 gel filtration method was to be 27,500, 20,500 and 15,250, respectively. Km value of enzyme A, B and C by the method of Lineweaver and Burk was determined to be 5.0×10??%, 1.0×10??% and 3.3×10??%, respectively, for 2% casein solution as a substrate. According to the analytical results, these enzymes were observed to be composed of monomeric polypeptide. The enzyme B and C were supposed to be a serine protease because these enzymes were remarkbly inhibited by soybean trypsin inhibitor. Pseudomonas spp. (named Pseudomonas FU 101) was identified as the strongest proteolytic bacterium among the isolated strains, which grew best at 25℃, pH 7.5. It is observed that the addition of 0.2% CaCl₂ and 0.5% NaCl in the culture medium was benefitted for the production of proteinase by Pseudomonas FU 101. The extracellular proteinase produced by the strain was supposed to be kind of metal chelator sensitive neutral protease, and it showed maximum activity at 35℃, pH 7.0. Molecular weight was estimated to be 29,000 by gel filtration. As a conclusion, both proteinases produced by Pseudomonas FU 101 and extracted from tissue of mackerel were pretty good in enzyme activity, but bacterial enzyme was more benefit for industrial use than the enzyme of mackerel tissue, because it is very difficult to supply continuously lots of pyloric caeca of mackerel as raw material for enzyme extraction.

아시아티코사이드로부터 메칠 2β, 3β-에폭시-23-히드록시우르스-12-엔-28-오애이트의 합성 및 이의 환원적 에폭시환 개열반응

주상섭,임두연,서성기,남태규,박형근,김희두,김창민,이민희,백형근,이민정,정영훈 성균관대학교 약학연구소 1998 成均藥硏論文集 Vol.10 No.1

Steroidal 2β, 3β-epoxy compound was prepared from asiaticoside via six steps and reduced regioselectively with lithium aluminum hydride. Epoxide ring opening furnished 9 as a sole product at reflux condition through axial hydride attack at C-3.

정신지체인의 직업관련 사회적 대인문제해결 능력과 훈련 방법에 대한 이론적 고찰

김형일 국립특수교육원 2002 특수교육연구 Vol.9 No.2

본 연구의 목적은 정신지체인의 직업관련 사회적 대인문제해결 능력에 관한 선행연구 분석을 통하여 대인문제해결의 이론적 배경, 정신지체인의 직업관련 대인문제해결 능력의 특성, 그리고 정신지체인을 훈련하기 위한 대인문제해결훈련의 사회적 상황과 훈련 내용 및 방법 등을 탐색하고, 이를 바탕으로 정신지체인들의 직업관련 대인문제해결 능력 향상을 위한 효과적인 훈련방법을 모색하는데 있다. 이론적 고찰을 통해 얻은 시사점은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 대인문제해결훈련 계획과 실행에서 개인의 다양한 특성을 고려하여야 한다. 둘째, 직장내에서 직장동료 및 상사와의 대인문제해결 능력을 높여야 한다. 셋째, 대인문제해결훈련의 장면과 사회적인 갈등 상황은 일반화와 유지의 효과를 높일 수 있는 것으로 선정되어야 한다. 넷째, 훈련 내용과 방법은 정신지체인들이 쉽게 받아들일 수 있는 것으로 구성하여야 한다. The purpose of this study was to search the theoretical foundation of vocational-interpersonal skill, the characteristics of job-related interpersonal skills of mentally retarded individuals, the social situation, the contents and methods of interpersonal skills training through the analyzing the previous studies related vocational-interpersonal skills. And then based on the these results, this study try to find the instructional implication for training job-related interpersonal skills to mentally retarded individuals in order to improve interpersonal ability. The results of analyzing the previous studies are as follows. First, we should develop interpersonal skills considering the various abilities of mentally retarded individuals. Second, we should improve the interpersonal ability about the relationship with co-works and supervisor in employment. Third, the place and the social situation of the interpersonal skills training have to be chosen for improving the effectiveness of generalization and maintenance. Forth, the contents and methods of training should be composed of the things that are acceptable to mentally retarded individuals.

Paracyclopina nana Smirnov (Copepoda)의 생물학적 고찰 : Ⅰ. 각 유생 발생 단계별 탈피율 및 탈피에 소요되는 시간 Ⅰ. Moulting rate and inter-moult interval(days) of each larval developmental stages

김형신,정민민,박흠기,윤양호,이화자 濟州大學校 基礎科學硏究所 2002 基礎科學硏究 Vol.15 No.2

우리 나라 동해안에 위치한 화진포에서 채집된 요각류, Paracyclopina nana의 생물학적 특성을 알아보기 위하여 각 유생 단계의 탈피율 및 탈피에 소요되는 시간을 알아보았다. 수온 20℃, 염도농도 17ppt의 조건에서 T. suecica를 먹이로서 충분량 급이 했을 때 P. nana의 어미로부터 갓 부화되어 나온 nauplius 유생은 성체가 되기까지 평균 17일이 소요됨을 알 수 있었다. 특히 제 1 nauplius 유생 단계에서 제 2 nauplius 유생으로 탈피하는 데에 평균 3.3일이 소요되어 가장 많은 시간을 요하는 것으로 나타났다. 점차 탈피하는데 소요되는 기간은 짧아져서 제 5 nauplius 유생 단계에서 제 6 nauplius 유생 단계로 탈피하는데에 가장 짧아서 약 1일이 소요되었고, 제 2 copepodid 유생 단계에서 제 3 copepodid 유생 단계로 탈피하는데 약 2.5일이 소요되었다. 한편, 제 1 nauplius 유생 단계에서 제 2 nauplius 유생 단계로의 탈피율은 66.7% 그리고, 제 6 nauplius 유생단계까지의 탈피율은 50%를 나타내었다. The moulting rate and inter-moult interval(days) of each larval developmental stages of Paracyclopina nana were studied. The copepod, P. nana was collected from lagoon Hwajinpo, South Korea. The experimental conditions were temperature 20℃, salinity l7ppt and fed on micro-algae, Tetraselmis suecica. The species was metamorphosed to the adult stage after possession of 6 nauplius stages and 5 copepodid stages. The moulting rate was 66.7% from 1st nauplius stage to 2nd one and was 50.0% to 6th one. P. nana were needed 17 days for developing from hatching to adult.

한국재래산양 태자의 위장관에서 Chromogranin A 면역반응세포에 대한 분포 및 출현빈도에 관한 연구

이형식,구세광,이재현 慶山大學校 基礎科學硏究所 1997 基礎科學 Vol.1 No.2

임신 180일령의 한국재래산양 태자의 위장관에서 chromogranin A(CgA) 면역반응세포의 각 부위별 출현 분포와 빈도를 면역조직화학적으로 관찰하였던 바, CgA 면역반응세포는 위장관 전 부위에서 관찰되었다. 부위별 분포는 직장(104.0/1㎟)에서 가장 높은 빈도로 출현하였고, 회장(66.6/1㎟), 십이지장(62.1/1㎟), 위저부(53.3/1㎟), 유문부(46.0/1㎟), 결장(34.9/1㎟) 및 공장(30.0/1㎟)의 순으로 관찰되었다. 이들 면역반응세포들은 주로 위저부, 유문부, 십이지장, 회장 및 결장부위에서는 점막샘에 다수, 점막 상피에 소수 분포하였으며, 공장과 결장에서는 점막 전체에 산재되어 있었다. The regional distribution and relative frequency of chromogranin A(CgA)-immunoreactive cells in gastrointestinal tract of the fetus(180 days of gestation) of the Korean native goat were studied with immunohistochemical methods. CgA-immunoreactive cells were detected throughout the gastrointestinal tract and they were situated to the mucosal glands and mucosal epithelia. These cells were most predominant in the rectum(104.0/1㎟), and ileum(66.6/1㎟), duodenum (62.1/1㎟), fundus(53.3/1㎟), pylorus(46.0/1㎟), colon(34.9/1㎟), and jejunum(30.0/1㎟) were followed in that order.

한국재래산양 태자에서 위장관내분비세포의 분포 및 출현빈도에 관한 연구

이형식,구세광 慶山大學校 基礎科學硏究所 1997 基礎科學 Vol.1 No.1

임신 180일령의 한국재래산양 태자의 위장관 내분비세포의 각 부위별 출현 분포와 빈도를 도은법으로 관찰한 결과 은호성세포는 위장관 전 부위에서 관찰되었으며, 위저부에서 가장 다수 관찰되었다. 은친화성세포는 유문부, 공장, 회장 및 결장에서 극소수 관찰되었다. 또한 위장관 전 부위에서 온호성세포들이 은친화성세포들보다 더 다수 관찰되었다. 이상의 결과로 한국재래산양 태자의 위장관 내분비세포의 출현 분포와 빈도는 다른 동물과 유사하게 관찰되었다. The regional distribution and relative frequency of gastrointestinal endocrine cells were studied in the fetus(180 days of gestation) of the Korean native goat with silver techniques. Argyrophil cells(Grimelius positive cells) were fond throughout the gastrointestinal tract and they were most predominant in the fundic gland regions. Argentaffin cells(Masson-Hamperl positive cells) were observed in pylorus, jejunum, ileum, and colon. In the whole gastrointestinal tract, argyrophil cells were observed more numerous than argentaffin cells.

소화관도 생각을 한다

이형식 慶山大學校 基礎科學硏究所 1998 基礎科學 Vol.2 No.1

α-Functionalized Benzylamine의 합성

金興載,曺壽東,安撤鎭,朱尤洪,申東守 Institute of Genetic Engineering Changwon National 2000 Gene and Protein Vol.4 No.-

α-Functionalized benzylamine(Nu=OAcm OMe, N_3)은 유기합성의 출발물질 또는 synthon으로서 매우 유용할 것이다. 본 연구에서는 benzylphthalimide를 137℃, chlorobenzene 용매 하에서 NBS/NaOAc/HOA조건을 사용하여, 높을 수율로 phthalimide-benzyl acetate을 얻는 방법을 개발하였다. 마지막으로, phthalimide-benzyl acetate을 NH_2NH_2/HOAc 조건 하에서, amino(phenyl)methyl acetate ⑴을 합성하였다. α-Functionalized benzylamine(Nu=OAc, OMe, N_3)will be very useful as a starting material or synton in organic synthesis. We have investigated the first synthetic methodology of phthalimide-benzyl acetate form benzylphthalimide, which are prepared in NBS/NaOAc/HOAc in chlorobenzene at 137℃ for 12 hr in good yield. Finally, amino(phenyl)methyl acetate ⑴ was synthesized from phthalimide-benzyl acetate under NH_2NH_2/HOAc.