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폐경후 및 폐경 주변기 여성에서 골밀도와 호모시스테인간의 연관성
서희선 ( Heuy Sun Suh ),양근석 ( Kyn Suk Yang ),김경곤 ( Kyung Kun Kim ),이규래 ( Gyu Rae Lee ) 대한폐경학회 2009 대한폐경학회지 Vol.15 No.2
연구목적: 최근 골대사와 혈청 호모시스테인 농도와의 관계에 대한 관심이 증가되고 있으나, 골밀도 (BMD)와 혈청 호모시스테인 농도간의 연관성에 대한 연구는 미흡한 상태이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 폐경후 및 폐경 주변기 여성을 대상으로 골밀도와 혈청 호모시스테인 농도간의 연관성을 밝히고자 하였다. 연구재료 및 방법: 2006년 8월부터 2007년 1월까지 가천의과학대학교 길병원 가정의학과 외래 방문한 폐경후 및 폐경 주변기 여성 109명을 대상으로 하였다. 대상자들은 혈액검사, 요추 및 대퇴경부의 골밀도, 흡연, 음주, 카페인, 우유섭취를 조사하였다. 대상자들은 골밀도에 따라 세 군 (골다공증, 골감소증, 정상)으로 나누어 분산분석이나 Fisher`s exact test를 통하여 세 군 간에 차이를 분석하였다. 혈청 호모시스테인에 영향을 미치는 인자를 분석하기 위하여 다중회귀분석을 이용하였다. 그리고 다중회귀분석결과 호모시스테인에 영향을 미치는 인자를 보정하였을 때 골밀도와 혈청 호모시스테인 농도의 연관성은 상관 분석법을 이용하여 분석하였다. 결과: 골밀도에서 세 군 (골다공증, 골감소증, 정상)간에 연령, 우유섭취 측면에서 유의한 차이를 보였으나 (P<0.05), 혈청 호모시스테인은 세 군 간에 차이가 없었다. 혈청 호모시스테인은 혈당, 혈청 크레아틴, 고밀도지단백 콜레스테롤, 대퇴경부 골밀도와 각각 독립적으로 유의한 연관성 (P<0.05)을 보였다. 혈당, 혈청 크레아틴, 고밀도지단백 콜레스테롤을 보정한 후 대퇴경부 골밀도와 혈청 호모시스테인 사이에 상관관계가 성립하였으나 (β=-0.25, P=0.01), 요추 골밀도와 혈청 호모시스테인 사이에는 유의한 상관관계가 없었다 (β=0.027, P=0.786). 결론: 폐경후 및 폐경 주변기 여성에서 혈청 호모시스테인의 증가는 대퇴경부 골밀도 감소와 상관관계를 보인다. 따라서 폐경후 및 폐경 주변기 여성에서 증가된 혈청 호모시스테인은 골다공증의 위험요소 중의 하나로 볼 수 있다. Objectives: There is growing interest in the relationship between the serum homocysteine concentration and bone mineral density (BMD); however, few such studies have been published. Hence, the objective of this research was to determine the relationship between the serum homocysteine concentration and BMD in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women. Methods: One hundred nine perimenopausal and postmenopausal women who attended the department of family medicine at a university hospital between August 2006 and January 2007 were recruited. The blood was sampled, the lumbar and femur neck BMD were measured, smoking habits were established, and the alcohol, caffeine, and milk consumption of the participants were determined. The participants were divided into three groups according to the BMD (osteoporosis, osteopenia, and normal), and the differences between the three groups were analyzed with ANOVA or Fisher`s exact test. Multiple regression analysis was used to analyze factors affecting serum homocysteine. Correlation analysis was performed to determine the relationship between the serum homocysteine concentration and BMD adjusted by factors affecting homocysteine in the multiple regression analysis results. Results: With respect to BMD, the three groups exhibited some differences (P<0.05) in terms of age and milk consumption, but the serum homocysteine level was not different between the three groups. The serum homocysteine level was individually associated (P<0.05) with serum glucose, serum creatinine, HDL-cholesterol, and femur neck BMD. Although a correlation was established (β=-0.25, P=0.01) between the femur neck BMD and homocysteine concentration when adjusted for serum glucose, serum creatinine, and HDL- cholesterol, there was no such relationship present (β=0.027, P=0.786) between the lumber BMD and the homocysteine concentration. Conclusion: An increased serum homocysteine concentration in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women is associated with the reduction in the femur neck BMD. Hence, the increase in the serum homocysteine level can be considered to be one of the risk factors for osteoporosis.
원저 : 모발조직 마그네슘 농도와 비만 연관변수와의 연관성
서희선 ( Heuy Sun Suh ),장소영 ( So Young Chang ),최준영 ( Jun Young Choi ),이선녀 ( Sun Nyu Lee ),이규래 ( Kyu Rae Lee ) 대한비만학회 2005 The Korean journal of obesity Vol.14 No.1
연구배경: 비만은 만성 질병과정의 하나로 인식되어 혈중 저마그네슘증과 연관있는 것으로 알려져 있다. 그러나 99%이상의 마그네슘이 세포내에 존재한다는 사실에 비추어 볼 때 세포외 혈중 마그네슘 측정은 정확도가 떨어지므로 이에 비교적 검체 수집이 용이하며 세포내 조직수준에서의 마그네슘 농도를 측정할 수 있는 모발조직 미네랄 검사를 이용해서 건강한 여성에서의 모발 조직 마그네슘 농도와 비만 연관변수와의 연관성을 알아보았다. 방법: 고혈압, 당뇨병, 심혈관계 Background: The obesity was recognized the one of chronic inflammtory diseases and known as relating to the serum hypomagnesemia. But the above 99% of total magnesium exist in intracelluar area, serum extracelluar magnesium is not a accurate method. In He
A CFD Prediction of the Gas-Solid Suspension Flow through a Supersonic Nozzle
JianGuo Sun,Heuy Dong Kim,YingZi Jin 한국추진공학회 2012 한국추진공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2012 No.11
In many engineering applications such as rocket propulsions and pneumatic devices, the gas flows containing very fine solid particles are employed frequently. The presence of particles in high-speed flows results in a very complicated and interesting phenomena due to particle-turbulence interactions. It is difficult as well as costly to investigate such suspension flows. CFD approach may be a good means to get insight into the gas-solid suspension flows. The present study investigates the effect of particle diameter on the gas solid suspension flow through a supersonic nozzle. The numerical model based on the Discrete Phase Model (DPM) has been employed to simulate the particle movement. The results show that the different sizes of particle have different influence on the gas phase behavior. The structure of shock train, the separation point, and the vortex of the backflow are all changed as the particle diameter varied from small size to large size. As the particle diameter increases the flow characteristics behave differently. The separation point first moves toward the downstream, but after the critical value of the diameter, it moves back to upstream. The change of gas flow behavior in turn affects the particle distribution. When the particle diameter is too small or too big, the particle concentration at the shear layer will be weak.
An Analytical Study on the Gas-Solid Two Phase Flows
JianGuo Sun,Heuy Dong Kim 한국추진공학회 2012 한국추진공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2012 No.5
This paper addresses an analytical study on the gas-solid two phase flows in a nozzle. The primary purpose is to get recognition into the gas-solid suspension flows and to investigate the particle motion and its influence on the gas flow field. The present study is the primal step to comprehend the gas-solid suspension flow in the convergent-divergent nozzle. This paper try to made a development of an analytical model to study the back pressure ratio, particles loading and the particle diameter effect on gas-solid suspension flow. Mathematical model of gas-solid two phase flow was developed based on the single phase flow models to solve the quasi-one-dimensional mass, momentum equations to calculate the steady pressure field. The influence of particles loading and particle diameter is analyzed. The results obtained show that the suspension flow of smaller diameter particles has almost same trend as that of single phase flow using ideal gas as working fluid. And the presence of particles will weaken the strength of the shock wave; the bigger particle will have larger slip velocity with gas flow. The thrust coefficient is found to be higher for larger particles/gas loading or back pressure ratio, but it also depends on the ambient pressure.