Multi-objective Optimization for Time-Open Lambert Rendezvous Between Non-coplanar Orbits

Guan-Qun Wu,Li-Guo Tan,Xin Li,Shen-Min Song 한국항공우주학회 2020 International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sc Vol.21 No.2

The problem of time-open Lambert multi-objective optimal rendezvous between non-coplanar orbits is studied in the paper. Based on the Lambert’s theorem, the descriptions of time-open Lambert rendezvous subjected to two-impulse and three-impulse are presented, and a universally applicable method for the solution of the transfer orbits is given. To deal with the multi-objective optimization subject to fuel consumption and flight time for rendezvous, an improved NSGA-II algorithm with a better performance is provided. Via the global optimization, Pareto set can be obtained by the improved NSGA-II for the multi-objective optimal rendezvous considering multi-constraints. Numerical simulations are conducted to validate the feasibility of the improved multi-objective optimization algorithm, and the results of the two-impulse and three-impulse multi-objective optimal rendezvous are shown.

Electric Stimulation Hyperthermia Relieves Inflammation via the Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 3-Toll Like Receptor 4 Pathway in a Prostatitis Rat Model

Guan Qun Zhu,전승환,이규원,Wen Jie Tian,조혁진,하유신,홍성후,이지열,문명건,문성희,김세웅,배웅진 대한남성과학회 2020 The World Journal of Men's Health Vol.38 No.3

Purpose: Chronic prostatitis (CP), including chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CPPS), is the most commonly encountered manifestation of prostatitis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of electric stimulation hyperthermia treatment (ESHT) on CP/CPPS and to explore the underlying mechanism. Materials and Methods: RWPE-2 cells with lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation and a prostatitis rat model induced by 17β-estradiol and dihydrotestosterone underwent sham, electric stimulation, or ESHT treatment. Four weeks later, cells, supernatants, and rat prostates were collected for analysis using immunohistochemistry, Western blots, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Results: We found that ESHT improved prostatitis in vivo and attenuated inflammation in vitro. ESHT significantly induced suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) expression and subsequently promoted HSP70. It attenuated inflammation through decreased expression of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), nuclear factor kappa B, and subsequent inflammatory cytokines. ESHT also inhibited apoptosis and released growth factor in tissue affected by prostatitis. Conclusions: ESHT improved CP/CPPS and reversed pathologic changes of prostatitis by inhibiting the SOCS3-TLR4 pathway.

Adaptive Dynamic Surface Control for Spacecraft Terminal Safe Approach with Input Saturation Based on Tracking Differentiator

Guan-Qun Wu,Shen-Min Song,Jing-Guang Sun 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2018 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.16 No.3

This thesis studies the spacecraft terminal safe approach control problem considering input saturation. Based on the spacecraft relative motion model and sphere collision avoidance potential function, an anti-saturation controller and an adaptive finite-time anti-saturation controller using dynamic surface control(DSC) are presented for the situations of known and unknown upper bound of external disturbances respectively, which can guarantee that no collisions happen in the tracking process. The second-order tracking differentiator is introduced to design the controllers, which avoids the differential of the virtual control signal and ensures the tracking performance of system output signals. Meanwhile, the auxiliary system is introduced to handle input saturation. Lyapunov stability theory is adopted to prove that the states of system under the designed controllers are uniformly ultimately bounded and practical finite-time stable respectively, and the chaser spacecraft can approach to the desired position without collision. The numerical simulation results demonstrate that the chaser spacecraft using the designed controllers can realize terminal safe approach to target spacecraft, which further illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed controllers.

Efficient Promotion of Autophagy and Angiogenesis Using Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy Enhanced by the Low-Energy Shock Waves in the Treatment of Erectile Dysfunction

Zhu, Guan Qun,Jeon, Seung Hwan,Bae, Woong Jin,Choi, Sae Woong,Jeong, Hyun Cheol,Kim, Kang Sup,Kim, Su Jin,Cho, Hyuk Jin,Ha, U. Syn,Hong, Sung Hoo,Lee, Ji Youl,Kwon, Eun Bi,Kim, Sae Woong Hindawi 2018 Stem cells international Vol.2018 No.-

<P><B>Background</B></P><P> Mesenchymal stem cell therapy (MSCT) and defocused low-energy shock wave therapy (ESWT) has been shown to ameliorate erectile dysfunction (ED). However, the interactions and effects of action between MSCT and ESWT remain poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the mechanisms of combination therapy with MSCT and ESWT in a rat model of diabetic ED. </P><P><B>Materials and Methods</B></P><P> Eight-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 2 parts. Diabetic rats induced by streptozotocin (65 mg/kg) were randomly divided into 4 groups: (1) DM control group, (2) DM + ESWT group, (3) DM + MSCT group, and (4) DM + ESWT + MSCT group. The sham group was a normal control group (without streptozotocin). MSCT and (or) ESWT were, respectively, administered to each group according to the proposal for 8 weeks. Immediately after recording of intracavernous pressure (ICP), the penis was then harvested for histologic analysis, ELISA, and Western blotting. </P><P><B>Results</B></P><P> The ratio of ICP/MAP was significantly higher in the DM + ESWT + MSCT group than in ESWT or MSCT treated group (<I>P</I> < 0.05). Also, the treatment stimulated angiogenesis and vasodilatation in the corpus cavernosum (<I>P</I> < 0.05). ESWT increased the quantity of MSCs in the corpus cavernosum and also induced MSCs to express more VEGF in vitro and vivo (<I>P</I> < 0.05) which activated the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and NO/cGMP signaling pathways in the corpus cavernosum. The combination approach stimulated autophagy and decreased apoptosis in the corpus cavernosum. NGF and BDNF expressions were higher in the DM + ESWT + MSCT group than in the DM control group (<I>P</I> < 0.01). Furthermore, the treatment promoted the MSC recruitment by inducing penile tissues to express more PECAM and SDF-1. </P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P> Combination of LI-ESWT and MSCT can get a better result than a single treatment by expressing more VEGF which can take part in autophagy by triggering the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. This cooperative therapy would provide a new research direction in ED treatment for the future.</P>

Quisqualis indica extract for men with lower urinary tract symptoms: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

신동호,Guan Qun Zhu,Wen Jie Tian,안순태,전승환,조혁진,하유신,홍성후,이지열,김세웅,문두건,배웅진 대한비뇨의학회 2023 Investigative and Clinical Urology Vol.64 No.1

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Quisqualis indica in men with moderate lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). Materials and Methods: A total of 135 subjects with International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) of 8–19 were randomized in 2 centers from June 2018 to April 2019. Patients were assigned into one of the three groups: a low-dose group (LG, 1,000 mg Q. indica), a high-dose group (HG, 2,000 mg Q. indica) or a placebo group (PG). The primary endpoint was the change of IPSS at the end of treatment from baseline. Secondary end points included the changes of prostate specific antigen, testosterone, dihydrotestosterone, maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax), postvoid residual volume (PVR) and International Index of Erectile Function-5 (IIEF-5), with drug safety. Results: 113 patients were able to finish the study. Compared to the PG, total IPSS in the LG and the HG was significantly improved at 6 weeks and 12 weeks. For IPSS subscores, LG showed improvements in all except for urgency and quality of life at 6 weeks. HG showed improvements in incomplete emptying and frequency at 6 weeks and 12 weeks along with improvements in intermittency, straining, and quality of life at 12 weeks. For IIEF-5 subscores, orgasmic function and overall satisfaction improved in HG when compared to PG at 12 weeks. Lastly, increase of Qmax and decrease of PVR was observed at 6 weeks in LG. Conclusions: 12-week treatment with Q. indica has a therapeutic effect and is well tolerated in patients with LUTS.

SAMD4B, a novel SAM-containing protein, inhibits AP-1-, p53- and p21-mediated transcriptional activity

( Na Luo ),( Guan Li ),( Yong Qing Li ),( Xiong Wei Fan ),( Yue Qun Wang ),( Xiang Li Ye ),( Xiao Yan Mo ),( Jun Mei Zhou ),( Wu Zhou Yuan ),( Ming Tan ),( Hua Ping Xie ),( Karen Ocorr ),( Rolf Bodmer 생화학분자생물학회 (구 한국생화학분자생물학회) 2010 BMB Reports Vol.43 No.5

The sterile alpha motif (SAM) is a putative protein interaction domain involved in a wide variety of biological processes. Here we report the identification and characterization of a novel gene, SAMD4B, which encodes a putative protein of 694 amino acids with a SAM domain. Northern blot and RT-PCR analysis showed that SAMD4B is widely expressed in human embryonic and adult tissues. Transcriptional activity assays show SAMD4B suppresses transcriptional activity of L8G5-luciferase. Over-expression of SAMD4B in mammalian cells inhibited the transcriptional activities of activator protein-1 (AP-1), p53 and p21, and the inhibitory effects can be relieved by siRNA. Deletion analysis indicates that the SAM domain is the main region for transcriptional suppression. The results suggest that SAMD4B is a widely expressed gene involved in AP-1-, p53-and p21-mediated transcriptional signaling activity. [BMB reports 2010; 43(5): 355-361]

Synergistic effects of extracorporeal shockwave therapy and modified Ojayeonjonghwan on erectile dysfunction in an animal model of diabetes

정현철,배웅진,Guan Qun Zhu,전승환,최세웅,김수진,조혁진,홍성후,이지열,황성연,김세웅 대한비뇨의학회 2019 Investigative and Clinical Urology Vol.60 No.4

Purpose: We investigated the synergy effect of extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) with modified Ojayeonjonghwan (Korean herbal formula, KH-204) in an animal model of diabetes mellitus (DM)-induced erectile dysfunction (ED). Materials and Methods: Eight-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were used in this study. DM was induced by an intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. DM rats were divided into 5 groups (n=10 per group): group 1, control; group 2, DM; group 3, DM+ESWT; group 4, DM+KH-204; and group 5, DM+ESWT+KH-204. In ESWT groups, rats were treated with ESWT at the penis 3 times a week for 2 weeks under anesthesia. The KH-204 groups were treated with a daily oral dose of KH-204 for 12 weeks. After all treatments, intracavernosal pressure (ICP) was measured, and the cavernous tissues were evaluated by Masson's trichrome, immunohistochemistry and western blot analysis. Results: ICP was evaluated as a measurement of erectile function. The DM+ESWT, DM+KH-204, and DM+ESWT+KH-204 groups showed significantly restored erectile function compared with the DM group (p<0.05). Among these groups, the DM+ESWT+KH-204 group showed the highest ICP. Moreover, ESWT and KH-204 treatment restored smooth muscle contents and many parameters related to potency (vascular endothelial growth factor, neuronal nitric oxide synthase (NOS), endothelial [NOS] and platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1) compared with the DM group (p<0.05). Conclusions: We confirmed the potential efficacy of ESWT and KH-204 in the treatment of ED patients using an animal model. The combination treatment of KH-204 and ESWT is expected to have good potential clinical results in the future treatment of refractory ED.

Effects of Next-Generation Low-Energy Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy on Erectile Dysfunction in an Animal Model of Diabetes

정현철,전승환,Zhu Guan Qun,김강섭,최세웅,Fahad Bashraheel,배웅진,김수진,조혁진,하유신,홍성후,이지열,문두건,김세웅 대한남성과학회 2017 The World Journal of Men's Health Vol.35 No.3

Purpose: Gene therapy, stem cell therapy, and low-energy extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) have been investigated as treatments for refractory erectile dysfunction (ED), but inconclusive evidence has been obtained. We investigated the effect of a next-generation electromagnetic cylinder ESWT device on an animal model of ED.Materials and Methods: Diabetes mellitus (DM)-induced rats were divided into 3 groups: group 1, control; group 2, DM; and group 3, DM+ESWT. Rats were treated with ESWT 3 times a week for 2 weeks. After the treatment course, intracavernous pressure was measured and the corpus cavernosum and cavernous nerve were evaluated.Results: In the DM group, all parameters predicted to be significantly lower in the ED model had statistically significantly decreased (p<0.01). As a measurement of erectile function, intracavernous pressure was evaluated. The DM+ESWT group exhibited significantly restored erectile function compared to the DM group (p<0.05). Moreover, ESWT treatment restored smooth muscle content, as assessed by Masson’s trichrome staining (p<0.05). Finally, corporal tissue and the dorsal nerve were evaluated by immunohistochemistry, Western blotting, and ELISA. After ESWT treatment, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1, cyclic guanosine monophosphate, and neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) expression levels were restored to levels in the DM group (p<0.05).Conclusions: Electromagnetic cylinder ESWT device resulted in increased VEGF, nNOS, and eNOS expression; reduced smooth muscle atrophy; and increased endothelial cell regeneration in a DM-associated ED model. Our data suggest that safe and effective application could be possible in future clinical studies.

Comparative microbiome analysis reveals bacterial communities associated with Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus infection in the Huanglongbing insect vector Diaphorina citri

Liu Kai,Pang Rui,Guan Zi-ying,Zhong Ming-zhao,He Jia-wei,Han Qun-xin 한국응용곤충학회 2022 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.25 No.2

The Asian citrus psyllid (Diaphorina citri) is a major pest of the citrus industry and is also the vector for Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas), a destructive Huanglongbing (HLB) disease of citrus trees. Insect endosymbionts and gut bacteria play important roles in vector-pathogen interactions and host immunity. Thus, our aim was to evaluate the correlation between CLas infection and the microbiome in D. citri by conducting 16S rRNA amplification sequencing on insects successfully and unsuccessfully infected with CLas (CLas-infected and noninfected). Genera Candidatus Profftella, Wolbachia, and Candidatus Carsonella were highly abundant genera in all tested samples. Compared with the non-infected and control groups, CLas-infected samples harboured more observed OTUs and showed higher alpha diversity metrics. Principal coordinate analysis based on beta-diversity metrics indicated two distinct clusters between the CLas-infected samples and non-infected/control samples. Subsequent LEfSe analysis revealed that Candidatus Profftella was more abundant in the non-infected group than in the control and CLas-infected groups. The interaction network also indicated a co-exclusion relationship be tween Candidatus Profftella and CLas, while CLas co-existed with Wolbachia, several Enterobacteriaceae spp., and multiple other bacteria. Our study provides insight into the interaction between the microbiome community in D. citri and CLas, which can facilitate the management of this pest and its associated pathogen.

Antioxidant and Antifibrotic Effect of a Herbal Formulation <i>In Vitro</i> and in the Experimental Andropause via Nrf2/HO-1 Signaling Pathway

Bae, Woong Jin,Zhu, Guan Qun,Choi, Sae Woong,Jeong, Hyun Cheol,Bashraheel, Fahad,Kim, Kang Sup,Kim, Su Jin,Cho, Hyuk Jin,Ha, U Syn,Hong, Sung Hoo,Lee, Ji Youl,Oh, Hyun-A,Koo, Hye Cheong,Kim, Do Ram,Hw Hindawi 2017 Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity Vol.2017 No.-

<P>The Korean herbal formulation Ojayeonjonghwan is used for improving late-onset hypogonadism (LOH) symptoms such as erectile dysfunction (ED). A previous research suggested that a modified Ojayeonjonghwan (KH-204) could be used as an alternative to the treatment for ED. The pharmacological effects were examined in different conditions, including in vitro and in vivo. We measured the survival rate of TM3 Leydig cells under the oxidative stress condition. The s.c. injection of leuprorelin was used to induce androgen deprivation. We measured serum testosterone levels, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. The results of the treatment by KH-204 (1) preserved TM3 cells from oxidative stress by improving the expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1); (2) lowered the expression of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-<I>β</I>) 1/SMAD; (3) increased the average of serum testosterone in androgen-deprived male rats; (4) kept the activation of spermatogenesis; (5) upgraded the contents of 8-hydroxy-20-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and degraded the contents of superoxide dismutase (SOD); and (6) reduced apoptosis. We studied that KH-204 improved testicular dysfunction in LOH. It is likely, at least in part, to degrade oxidative stress through the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. These findings may offer credible evidences for the use of new alternative therapies to treat LOH.</P>