Metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma on the mandible : A case report

Kim, Jin-Soo,Kim, Jae-Duk 대한구강악안면방사선학회 2005 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.35 No.4

Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the most common cancer worldwide, primarily affecting those in regions with a high prevalence of viral hepatitis. However, the metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma to the oral cavity is a rare phenomenon. This report presents a case of metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma in the left mandibular angle and ramus region of a 62-year-old man. Panoramic radiograph revealed an ill-defined radiolucent lesion extending from the retained root of the mandibular left second molar into the ascending ramus. The lesion had irregular and ill-defined margins.

Magnetic resonance images of ameloblastoma

Kim, Jae-Duk,Kim, Jin-Soo 대한구강악안면방사선학회 2005 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.35 No.4

Purpose : To classify and describe the characteristic features of MRI of some ameloblastoma variants. Materials and Methods : The MR images, CT images, and panoramic radiographs in 5 cases were retrospectively examined as follows. First, the contents of ameloblastomas were devided into two portions of either solid or cystic components on the basis of MR signal intensities. The signal intensity within the solid or cystic portions was classified as homogeneous or heterogeneous. Next, the characteristic internal feature of the lesion on T1W1 or T2WI was described. The signal intensities were classified into low, intermediate, slightly high, high, and strong high signal intensity. Results : Unicystic lesion showed homogeneous high signal intensity (SI) on T2W2 and the rim enhancement of the surrounding area including the mural nodule and the thick wall except the central portion on Gd-T1W1 Solid type revealed heterogeneous and high SI area with strong high SI area on T2W2. On Gd-T1W1, the area corresponding to the low signal spot on T1W1 and the strong high signal spot on T2W1 showed low SI. Hybrid type showed slightly enhanced capsular structures and low SI for the round bony septa and the areas connecting the mixed and cystic lesions on T2W1 and Gd-T1W1. Conclusion : MRI could easily assess the relationship between the mixed and cystic findings in ameloblastoma.

당뇨병 환자에서 혈장 Thrombin-Antithrombin Ⅲ 및 Plasmin-α_2-Plasmin Inhibitor 복합체의 임상적 의의

김경욱,김은숙,정상수,윤수지,박우일,이준희,남수연,안철우,문병수,김경래,차봉수,송영득,임승길,이현철,허갑범 대한당뇨병학회 2002 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.25 No.5

연구배경:당뇨병 환자에서 혈액응고 및 섬유소용해 체계의 이상경향이 있어 그 결과로 여러 혈관합병증의 발생위험이 높다는 사실은 널리 알려져 있다. 그 기전은 아직 확실히 밝혀지지 않았으나, 고혈당으로 인한 혈장 단백질들의 비효소성 당화작용이나 산화성 스트레스로 인한 유리 라티칼 작용으로 응고항진이나 섬유소용해 활성의 저하를 유발하는 것으로 생각되고 있다. 최근 응고 및 용해인자와 그 억제자의 복합체들의 증가가 이 상태를 비교적 예민하게 반영한다고 알려져 있다. 방법:본 연구에서는 당뇨병 환자 101명과 정상 대조군 20명에서 혈장내 thrombin­antithrombin complex(TAT)와 plasmin­α₂­plasmin inhibitor complex(PIC)를 측정하여 비교하고, 당뇨병 환자에서 미세혈관 합병증과 대혈관합병증의 유무에 따른 차이와, 이미 혈관 질환의 위험인자로 알려져 있는 인자들간의 상관성을 알아보고자 하였다. 결과:1. 환자의 분포를 살펴보면 혈관합병증이 있는 군은 85명, 혈관합병증이 없는 군은 16명이었고, 평균연령은 각각 57.9±14.1세, 49.9±16.6세로 혈관 합병증이 있는 군에서 더 나이가 많았고, 체질량지수는 23.2±3.4㎏/㎡, 24.1±3.4㎏/㎡로 두 군간 유의한 차이는 없었다. 또 두 군간의 혈압 및 HbA1c, 공복혈당 및 인슐린과 C­peptide, 총 콜레스테롤, 중성지방, HDL­콜레스테롤, Lp⒜는 유의한 차이가 없었고, 미세혈관합병증이 있는 군에서 당뇨병의 유병기간이 길었다. 2. TAT 및 PIC의 농도는 정상 대조군에서는 2.8±1.2 ng/mL, 240.4±69.7 ng/mL이었고, 당뇨병 환자군에서는 9.5±22.6 ng/mL, 472.2±258.7 ng/mL이었다. TAT와 PIC 모두 당뇨병 환자군에서 정상 대조군에 비해 유의하게 증가되어 있었고(p<0.001), TAT/PIC ratio는 두 군간 차이가 없었다. 3. 당뇨병 환자의 혈관합병증에 따른 TAT 및 PIC, fibrinogen 농도는 합병증이 없는 군은 각각 4.1±2.4ng/mL, 362.2±272.0ng/mL, 322.7±102.4mg/mL으로 PIC와 fibrinogen의 증가를 보였으나, 연령을 보정한 후에는 통계학적 유의성은 없었다. 또 대혈관 합병증군에서는 각각 6.0±4.9 ng/mL, 507.4±321.6 ng/mL, 427.1±194.7 mg/dL이었으며 미세·대혈관 합병증군에서는 10.4±6.4 ng/mL, 484.8±269.7 ng/mL, 388.4±132.4 mg/dL으로 TAT의 증가를 보였으나 역시 연령을 보정한 후에는 통계학적 유의성은 없었다. 4. 미세혈관합병증군에서 HbA1c(>8%)가 높은 군의 PIC 농도가 유의하게 높았고(p=0.049), 대혈관합병증군에서 HbA1c(>8%)가 높은 군의 총 콜레스테롤 농도가 유의하게 높았다(p=0.042). 5. 총 당뇨병 환자군에서 PIC는 fibrinogen과 HbA1c와 양의 상관관계를, BMI와 음의 상관관계를 보였으며(r=0.47, 0.31,-0.25), 혈관 합병증이 없는 당뇨병 환자군에서만 TAT는 HbA1c와 양의 상관관계를 보였다(r=0.67). 결론:이상의 결과에서 혈장 TAT 및 PIC 농도는 당뇨병 환자에서 정상 대조군에 비해 의미있게 증가되어 있었고, 당뇨병 환자군에서는 연령의 증가와 유병기간이 혈액응고항진 및 용해의 장애에 큰 역할을 함을 알 수 있었으며, 총 당뇨병 환자군에 PIC와 HbA1c와 양의 상관관계를, BMI와 음의 상관관계를 보였으며 혈관 합병증이 없는 당뇨병 환자군에서만 TAT는 HbA1c와 양의 상관관계를 보였다. 따라서 당뇨병 환자에서 혈액응고 및 용해의 장애가 동반되어 있다고 볼 수 있으며, 혈장 TAT 및 PIC는 혈관합병증으로의 진행을 예측하는 지표로서 유용하리라 생각된다. 또 혈당조절정도와 상관성이 있으므로 혈당조절후에 추적검사를 시행하여 합병증의 예방이 가능한지 추후 연구가 필요하리라 생각된다. Background : Abnormality of coagulation and fibrinolystic system is known as a predisposing factor of vascular complication in diabetes. Although the pathogenesis is not well known, non-enzymatic glycation reaction and the increase in production of free radicals due to an increased oxidative stress may be linked to the hypercoagulibility and hypofibrinolytic activity. As indices of abnormality in coagulation and firinolysis in peripheral blood, plasma thrombin-antithrombin Ⅲ complex (TAT) and plasmin-α_2-plasmin inhibitor complex (PIC) were measured. The purpose of this study was to clarify whether hypercoagulability exists in diabetic patients with or without vascular complication. Methods : In our study, we measured plasma thrombin-antithrombin Ⅲ compelx (TAT) and plasmin-α_2-plasmin inhibit or complex (PIC) in 101 diabetic subjects and 20 controls. Comparing TAT and PIC levels in diabetic microvascular complication group, diabetic macrovascular complication group and controls, we examined correlation between risk factors associated with diabetic vascular complication. Results : 1. The group with diabetic vascular complication was older than group without complication. There was no significant difference in BMI, blood pressure, HbA_ic, blood sugar level, insulin, C-peptide, serum creatinine, total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol, Lp (a) between two groups. The group with diabetic microvascular complication had longer duration of diabetes. 2. Concentration of TAT and PIC were 2.8±1.2 ng/ mL, 240.4±69.7 ng/ mL in controls and 9.5±22.6 ng/ mL, 472.2±258.7 ng/ mL in diabetic patients, respectively. TAT and PIC were significantly higher in diabetic patients than in control (p<0.001). But TAT/PIC ratio was no significant difference between two groups. 3. In diabetic patients, concentration of TAT and PIC and fibrinogen were respectively 4.1±2.4 ng/ mL, 362.2±272.0 ng/ mL, 322.7±102.4 mg/ dL in group without vascular complication and 5.3±4.1 ng/ mL, 529.5±258.7 ng/ mL, 374.9±106.2 mg/ dL in group with microvascular complication, which group had increase in PIC and Fibrinogen but no significance after correction of age. Concentration of TAT and PIC and Fibrinogen were 60.±4.9 ng/ mL, 507.4±321.6 ng/ mL, 427.1±194.7 mg/ dL in macrovascular complication, and 10.4±6.7 mg/ mL, 484.8±269.7 ng/ mL, 388.4±132.4 mg/ dL in combined vascular complication which group showed increase of TAT but also had no significant increase after correction of age. 4. In diabetic microvascular complication patients, group of high HbA_1c (>8%) (p=0.049) had significant high PIC concentration. In diabetic macrovascular complication patients, group of high HbA_1c (>8%) (p=0.042) had significant high total cholesterol concentration. 5. In all diabetic patients, PIC was positively correlated with fibrinogen and HbA_1c and negatively correlated BMI (r=0.47, 0.31, -0.25). Only in daibetic patients without angiopathy, TAT was positively correlated with HbA_1c (r=0.67). Conclusion : In this study, plasma TAT and PIC concentration significantly increased in diabetic patients compared with controls, and PIC was increased in group with microvascular complication, TAT were increased in group with combined micro macrovascular complication. However, there was no significance relationship existed when correctinf for age. PIC was correlated with HbA_1c. TAT was correlated with HbA_1c only in the group without angiopathy. Abnormality of coagulation and fibrinolysis were combined in diabetes, plasma TAT and PIC can be used as an index of vascular complication. Also we found the correlation with the degree of the blood glucose control. Therefore we need follow up study for the possibility of prevention of vascular complication after controlling the blood glucose to age-matched patients (J Kor Diaabetes Asso 25:354~363, 2001).

천연 제올라이트에 의한 중금속 이온의 제거

김덕수,감상규 濟州大學校 基礎科學硏究所 1997 基礎科學硏究 Vol.10 No.2

The three natural zeloites collected in Pohang-shi and Kyeongju-shi, Kyungsangbug-do, Korea, were analyzed by means of X-ray fluorescence and X-ray diffraction. from the results, the primary species of those zeolite were mordenite and clinoptilolite mixed with quartz. These zeloites were chemically treated with NaOH, Ca(OH)??, and NaOH following HCl solution. The capabilities of removing divalent heavy metal ions, such as Cu??and Sr?? with chemically untreated and treated natural zeolites were investigated and compared in the single and mixed heavy metal ion solutions with varying initial heavy metal ion concentration and pH of solution. It was found that Daeshin-ri natural zeolite(D) was most efficient in removing Cu?? and Sr?? ions. The chemical treatment of natural zeloite improved the capabilities of removing Cu?? and Sr?? ions and the most effective chemical treatment of natural zeolite was NaOH treatment. The capabilities of removing Cu??and Sr?? ions in mixed ions solution were lower than those in single ion solution. The three natural zeolites collected in Pohang-shi and Kyeongju-shi, Kyungsangbug-do, Korea, were analyzed by means of X-ray fluorescence and X-ray diffraction. From the results, the primary species of those zeolite were mordenite and clinoptilolite mixed with quartz. These zeolites were chemically treated with NaOH, Ca(OH)₂, and NaOH following HCl solution. The capabilities of removing divalent heavy metal ions, such as Cu²+ and Sr²+ with chemically untreated and treated natural zeolites were investigated and compared in the single and mixed heavy metal ion solutions with varying initial heavy metal ion concentration and pH of solution. It was found that Daeshin-ri natural zeolite(D) was most efficient in removing Cu²+ and Sr²+ ions. The chemical treatment of natural zeolite improved the capabilities of removing Cu²+ and Sr²+ ions and the most effective chemical treatment of natural zeolite was NaOH treatment. The capabilities of removing Cu²+ and Sr²+ ions in mixed ions solution were lower than those in single ion solution.

Oxyhydroxide 입자의 산화침전반응에 관한 연구

설수덕,신동옥 동아대학교 공과대학부설 생산기술연구소 1997 生産技術硏究所硏究論文集 Vol.2 No.1

The aeroal oxidative precipitation and kinetics of α-FeOOH formation from aqueous solution of ferrous sulfate with KOH as a precipitant have been studied. The influence of reaction temperature and initial mole ratio, R_o=[Fe^2+]_o/[OH­]_o, value on the morphology and oxidation rate of α-oxyhydroxide particles and kinetics of seed formation are investigated by free pH drift and static pH experiment. The results show that the increase or air flow rate, reaction temperature and initial mole ratio increases the oxidation rate through the seed formation and seed growth of the pH drift experiment. Needle-like α-oxyhydroxide particle of submicron size was obtained and when R_o value was decreased the particle was grown to longitudianl direction. The oxidation reaction of seed formation is apparently first order.

헝가리 회계시스템과 한국 회계시스템의 비교

서수덕 국제지역학회 1997 국제지역연구 Vol.1 No.2

해외투자와 세계무역의 현저한 증대, 다국적 기업화, EU와 같은 지역경제 집단의 형성 및 동구 공산권의 시장경제로의 이행 등의 현상으로 인해 특히 회계기준이 복잡하게 되고 있다. 따라서 회계 처리방법, 평가방법이나 인식과 같은 절차상의 차이를 정확히 이해하지 못하면 재무자료의 분석이 무의미해 진다. 이런 면에서 최근에 회계제도의 국제적 비교가 활발히 이루어지고 있다. 특히 최근에 시장경제체제로 이행한 동구권회계제도에 대한 연구가 필요한 실정이다. 보고책임이라는 기본적인 목표를 갖고 있는 회계는 헝가리에서의 추가적 개혁의 주안점이 되었으며 그 일환으로 "Hungarian Rules of Law in Force"로 불리우는 회계법이 1991년에 통과되었다. 그 법의 기본적인 목적은 헝가리의 회계실무를 서구 유럽기준과 보조를 맞추고 비효율적인 활동을 재구축하거나 혹은 마감하는 것이었다. 그러나 이러한 헝가리회계제도도 서구의 그것 특히, 우리나라의 회계제도와는 큰 차이를 보이고 있다. 회계차이는 투자가들의 투자의사결정에 영향을 미치고 더욱이 상이한 회계 및 보고요건들로 인해 재무적 결과의 분석에 여러 가지 어려움이 야기될 수 있다. 그 차이들은 세계적 자본시장의 효율적 기능에 대하여 장애물이 된다. 또 이러한 회계적 차이를 손익계산서와 대차대조표 척도 효율적 기능에 대하여 장애물이 된다. 또 이러한 회계적 차이를 손익계산서와 대차대조표 척도의 비교에 영향을 미치고 자본의 적절성, 신용의 정당성, 주주지분의 척도 및 자본비용에 영향을 미칠 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 초기투자결정 및 계속적인 재무관리분석에 영향을 미칠 수 있는 헝가리회계법과 우리나라의 회계기준 간의 차이를 부각시키는데 주안점을 두고 있다. 양회계 제도를 비교분석함으로써 동구권 시장에 진출하고 있거나 하려는 우리나라 기업들이 그 시장에 대한 재무적 정보를 보다 체계적이고 효율적으로 이용할 수 있으리라 여겨진다. 따라서 본 연구는 헝가리 회계법에서 제시된 회계의 기본목적을 살펴본 후 투자와 신용 및 관리적 의사결정에 중요하다고 여겨지는 헝가리와 우리나라의 회계 및 보고 간의 특수한 비교를 행하였다. 회계제도의 비교는 회계기준의 설정·내용·운용·교육 및 그 경제적 환경조건에 따라 행해져야 한다. 그러나 여기서는 헝가리의 회계제도의 내용과 회계제도의 운용에 한정하여 우리나라 회계제도와 비교하였다. 마지막으로 기관 투자자들과 경영자들을 위한 시사점들을 검토하였다.

難燃劑 添加 Poly Alkyl Methacrylate의 劣化에 관한 硏究

薛秀德,金東建 동아대학교 공과대학 부설 한국자원개발연구소 1991 硏究報告 Vol.15 No.1

The thermal degradation of poly alkyl methacrylate and flame-retardant tetrabromobisphenol-A(TBBA) mixtures were carried out using the thermogravimetric method in the stream of nitrogen gas with 50㎖/min at the various heating rate from 4 to 20℃/min. Friedman and Ozawa mathematical methods were used to obtain the value of activation energy. The thermal degradation of poly alkyl methacrylate and TBBA mixtures by the analysis of infrared spectrophotometer were decomposed by main chain scission in the stream of nitrogen.

산화철 안료 합성의 속도론적인 연구

설수덕,신동욱 동아대학교 공과대학부설 생산기술연구소 1997 生産技術硏究所硏究論文集 Vol.2 No.1

The particle formation of iron oxide pigment by means of aerial oxidative precipitation from aqueous solution of ferrous sulfate with KOH, NaOH, Na_2 CO_3 and K_2 CO_3as a precipitants have been studies on the same oxidation condition. Submicron of needle-like yellow iron oxide(α-oxyhydroxide) particle was obtained from all kinds of precipitants and the average particle length from carbonate(K_2 CO_3 and Na_2 CO_3) as precipitant was about 1.5 times longer than the other bicarbonate precipitants. The kinetics of particle growth of iron oxide from aqueous solution of ferrous sulfate with KOH as precipitant have been studied. The influence of air flow rate, reaction temperature and initial mole ratio, R_o= [Fe^2+]_o/[OH­]_o, value on the kinetics of particle growth are investigated by static pH experiment. The results show that the increase of air flow rate, reaction temperature and initial mole ratio, R_o value increases the oxidation rate through the particle growth. The activation energy of particle growth is 16.16KJ/mol and The oxidation reaction of seed formation is apparently first-order.

Poly alkyl methacrylate의 熱分解에 관한 연구 : Polyethyl methacrylate의 分解反應機構 A Kinetic date analysis of polyethyl methacrylate

薛秀德,朴相郁 동아대학교 공과대학 부설 한국자원개발연구소 1986 硏究報告 Vol.10 No.2

The thermal decomposition of polyethyl methacrylate was studied using a dynamic thermogravimetry and viscometry techniques in the stream of nitrogen gas with 50ml/min at various heating rates form 230 to 290℃. The mathematical methods, Kissinger, Chatterjee-Conrad, Friedman, Second derivative, Horowitz-Metzger, Ozawa and Isothermal method were used to obtain valuse of activation energy of decomposition reaction. The activation energies evaluated by the above methods except Chatterjee-Conrad method agree with each other very well. The thermal degradation of polyethyl methacrylate was considered to be carried out by main chain scission and the thermogravimetric trace curve agreed with the theoretical equation.

CRW형식 무인항공기 추진시스템의 밸브작동을 고려한 비행모드 전환에 따른 천이성능 특성 연구

공창덕,박종하,강명철,양수석 朝鮮大學校 機械技術硏究所 2005 機械技術硏究 Vol.8 No.1

본 연구는 CRW형식 무인항공기 추진시스템의 밸브작동을 고려한 비행모드에 따른 천이 성능특성을 파악하기 위해 SIMULINK를 이용하여 모델링 하였다. 주 엔진시스템의 천이 모사에는 ICV방법이 적용되었다. 그리고 밸브시스템은 로터리 덕트와 메인 덕트로 빠져나가는 유량을 제어하는 시스템으로서 밸브를 통해 로터리 덕트로 빠져나가는 유량과 메인 덕트를 빠져나가는 유량의 합은 터빈의 출구 유량과 같다는 가정하에 수행되었으며, 이 때 밸브각 변화에 따른 손실, 유량 및 유효면적 등이 고려되었다. 성능해석은 비행 천이 영역인 고도 1Km 비행마하수 0.1에서 엔진최대회전수시 회전익 모드에서 고정익 모드로 변환시외 고정익 모드에서 회전익 모드로 변환 경우들이 수행되었다. In order to investigate transient behaviour of the CRW(Canard Rotor Wing) type UAV(Unmanned Aerial Vehicles) propulsion system during flight mode transition considering flow control valve operation, the propulsion system was modelled using SIMULINK commercial program. For transient simulation of the main engine system, the ICV(Inter-Component Volume) method was applied. The valve system is to control the gas flow of the rotary duct system and the main duct system, and the analysis was performed with an assumption that the total gas mass flow of the main engine is the same as summation of the rotary duct flow and the main duct flow, and with consideration of valve loss, flow rate and effective area in valve angle variation. The performance analysis was carried out during flight mode transitions from the rotary flight mode to the fixed wing flight mode and vice versa mode at altitude of 1Km, flight Mach number 0.1 and maximum engine rpm.