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장순복,최연순,강희선,박소미,Chang, Soon-Bok,Choi, Yun-Soon,Kang, Hee-Sun,Park, So-Mi 대한간호협회 1997 대한간호 Vol.36 No.2
This study was performed to provide preliminary data for the development of a useful instrument to measure the effect of sex education. The study was conducted with the voluntary participation of 155 college students enrolled in the course "Sexuality and Relationship" at Y university in Seoul. At the end of that course, they were asked to write freely about the change they had experienced on sexuality. All meaningful statements were elicited and classified into 7 categories; "Change of Knowledge", "Enlightenment", "Change of Attitude on Sexuality", "Buildup of Ability", "Buildup of. Identity", "Change of Emotion", "Change of Behavior:' There were significant changes in the areas of knowledge(28. 6%), enlightenment(27.4%), and attitudes(20.3%) about sexuality among these 7 categories. The Change of Knowledge category consists of 3 areas: "concretion of knowledge", "increase of information", and "correction of misunderstanding." In the category of Enlightenment, total 12 areas are included: "sex role", "erception of lack of knowledge", "importance of family", "life plan", "parent role", "value of life", "equality", "sexual autonomy", "importance of sexuality", "freedom of sexuality", "perception of sexual problem", and "meaning of love." The Attitude Change category consists of 8 areas. These are "being natural", "being progressive", "being sensitive", "being truthful", "being expressive", "being cautious", "being responsible", and "being confident". The category of Buildup of Ability includes 4 areas: "problem solving", "sex education", "relationship", and "communication". The category of Buildup of Identity includes "sexual identity", and "value of sexuality". The Emotional Change category includes 3 areas: "positive feeling", "negative feeling", and "breaking from negative feeling on sexuality". The Behavior Change category includes "sex-related behavioral change". In conclusion, up to now most researches on sex education effect measures only changes of knowledge, attitude, and behavior. But we believe the changes in "Enlightenment", "Buildup of Ability", "Buildup of Identity", "Change of Emotion", should be included in addition to knowledge, attitude, and behavior in the development of an instrument to measure the sex education effects. And the effect of sex education should measure the degree of learning of autonomy, enlightenment, and ability of behavior and so on rather than studying the simple changes in sexuality.enment", "Buildup of Ability", "Buildup of Identity", "Change of Emotion", should be included in addition to knowledge, attitude, and behavior in the development of an instrument to measure the sex education effects. And the effect of sex education should measure the degree of learning of autonomy, enlightenment, and ability of behavior and so on rather than studying the simple changes in sexuality.ng the simple changes in sexuality.
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이명복,김창규,박성순,김귀봉,이상구,김현덕 국민대학교 스포츠과학연구소 1985 스포츠科學硏究所論叢 Vol.4 No.-
The purpose of the study was to investigate and find the metabolic and strength response to the effects of Gin Seng intake on weight reduction in Wrestlers. Ten subjects experienced five to eight years fro were used for the study. They are attending at university and engaging in wrestling program. The subjects were divided into experimental and control groups. Five exeprimental group was supplemented Korean Gin Seng with the amounts of 600g for eight weeks. The pre-post test methods was conducted. The metabolic test using the Ergo-Oxyscreen (Jager co. German) were obtained during the ergometer bicycle tests. The subjects were seated on the bicycle for two minutes after two minutes resting period, and pedalled with 60rpm at the beginning with free loading for two minutes, and increased the 0.5KP load every one minute. The exercise on the bicycle was continued until the subjects were exhausted. The metabolic data such as weight, MV(minute ventilation)., BF(breathing frequency), Heart rate, Vo_2ml kg/min., and Time. were calculated automatically and printed out the data every minute. The grip and back strength tests were obtained using the dynamometer (T.KK. Japan), and leg strength(180/sec, 30/sec.), power, isometric maximal strength, and endurance were measured through Cybex-Ⅱ system. After pre-test, exprimental group was begin to intake Gin-Seng for eight weeks, and control was start to reduce their body weight. As the results of the study, conclusion to be drawn as follows; 1. There were no significant difference between before weight reduction and after weight
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사이토카인과 Lipopolysaccharide 자극에 의한 RAW 264.7 세포주의 nitric oxide 생성
김영덕,전창덕,이병순,이복수,박석돈,백상기,정헌택 충남대학교 생물공학연구소 1993 생물공학연구지 Vol.3 No.-
Macrophages have been implicated as a major class of effector in the host response to neoplasia. Cells of the monocyte-macrophage lineage are known to exhibit tumoricidal activity following stim-ulation by γ-interferon, tumor necrosis factor, BCG and bacterial products such as lipopoly-saccharide (LPS). While the mechanism involved remain obscure, the generation of reactive nitrogen intermediate (RNI) by activated macrophages is considered a maior participant in mediating the tumorstatic effect. But much of what is known about the induction and release of RNI has been elucidated by using freshly isolated cells from blood and other tissues of experimental animals. In this study, we used a murine macrophage cell line, RAW 264.7, and found that these cells showed above 99% positive of pan macrophage marker by immunohistochemical staining. These cells could produce nitric oxide (NO), when incubated with γ-IFN or poly I:C. Incubation of RAW 264.7 cells with γ-IFN for 48 hous in the presence of LPS agumented NO release in a dose dependent manner. Whereas, treatment of anti-TNE-α antibody or antisense TNF-α oligodeoxynucleotide inhibited the release of NO_2 by γ-IFN plus LPS activated macrophages. The production of NO was also inhibited reversibly or irreversibly by N^GMMA,NAA,arginase or DPI. Thease data suggest that RAW 264.7 cell line may be useful for the in vitro evalulation of biological response modifiers as well as the study of signal pathway of NO release by macrophages.
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연구보문 : 단보 ; 논의 양분유출 저감을 위한 저류지 효과
김민경 ( Min Kyeong Kim ),권순익 ( Soon Ik Kwon ),정구복 ( Goo Bok Jung ),홍성창 ( Seong Chang Hong ),채미진 ( Mi Jin Chae ),윤순강 ( Sun Gang Yun ),소규호 ( Kyu Ho So ) 한국환경농학회 2013 한국환경농학회지 Vol.32 No.4
논에서의 비점오염원 관리는 배출수 관리방안이 현실적인 방안으로 판단되어 본 연구에서는 논 배수 저감을 위한 저류지 효과를 구명하고자 2012년 5월부터 9월까지 경기도 수원시 권선구 서둔동 국립농업과학원 기후변화생태과 시험포장 (1,715 m2)에서 배수로 말단에 논 저류지(12 m2)를 조성하였다. 영농기간 동안 강우사상시 저류지 유입 전인 논 배출수와 저류지를 통과한 배출수의 토사 및 양분물질(질소, 인) 부하 량을 평가하여 저류지의 효과를 평가하였다. 영농기간 동안 논 저류지를 이용한 논 배출수 중 수질농도는 SS와 CODMn 은 각각 79.3%와 45.6% 저감되었고 T-N과 T-P는 각각 52.2%와 60.5% 저감되었다. 또한 저류지를 이용한 월별 논 배출수의 유출량 및 양분물질 부하는 유출량의 경우 96∼ 100% 저감되었고 T-N과 T-P의 부하량은 각각 16.3∼73.0% 와 15.4∼70.1% 저감되었다. 따라서 경지기반 정리되어 용수의 취 배수가 용이한 논에서는 외부 수계로 배출되기 전 저 류지를 설치하면 양분물질의 배출이 저감될 것으로 생각되며 특히 농업보호구역 및 농업진흥지역에는 논 배수 저류시설 등의 자연 정화형 비점오염 저감방안을 마련하도록 정책부서의 제도 개선이 필요하다고 생각된다. BACKGROUND: Water-born pollution loads by agricultural non-point source (NPS) pollution are expected to become intensified due to ongoing precipitation change. Therefore, it is essential to develop a best management practice (BMP) that is suitable to agricultural environments in Korea. This study aimed to develop an environmental-friendly BMP to reduce NPS pollution load by agricultural activities. An eco-friendly way, small drainage pond, was suggested in this study to avoid direct drainage of agricultural runoffs and eventually reduce the amount of pollutants discharged into the surrounding aqua-environment. METHODS AND RESULTS: A small pond (12 m2) was constructed at the corner of a rice paddy field (1,715 m2) located in Suwon, Korea. Water was allowed to drain only via a small drainage pond. Sampling was repeatedly made at two locations, one from an entrance and the other from an exit of a pond, during the rice cultivation period (May to October, 2012). Generally, sampling was made only when runoff water drained through a pond, such as during and/or after rain (irrigation). The water quality analysis showed that all quality parameters (SS, CODMn, T-N, and T-P) were improved as water passed through the pond. The amount of runoff water was reduced by 96∼100%. Suspended solids and COD concentrations was reduced by 79.3% and 45.6%, respectively. In case of T-N and T-P concentrations, the reduction rates were 52.2% and 60.5%, respectively and the amount of T-N and T-P were reduced by 16.3∼73.0% and 15.4∼70.1%, respectively. CONCLUSION(S): Our data implies that agricultural NPS pollution from rice paddy fields can be effectively managed when an appropriate drainage water management practice is imposed. In this paper, it was suggested that an installation of a small drainage pond can be effective to prevent not only the nutrient loss from rice fields but also pollutant discharge to surrounding water environments.
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