A Comparative Study on the Characteristics of Boundary Area according to the Locations of Mixed-use Apartment Complex in Seoul

하만준,여영호 ARCHITECTURAL INSTITUTE OF KOREA 2014 大韓建築學會論文集 : 構造系 Vol.30 No.2

악성림프종에서 Phospholipase C의 발현

하만준,황성철,박광화,김현수,강영모,김현주,김효철 아주대학교 의과학연구소 1996 아주의학 Vol.1 No.1

Phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C(PLC) plays a central role in transmembrane signal transduction pathways in response to the interaction between various ligands and cell-surface receptors in most eukaryotic cells. Triggered PLC catalyzes the hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate to yield the intracellular second messengers, diacyiglycerol and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate. It has been found that PLC-γ₁ is overexpressed in some cancer cells including breast, liver, and colorectal cancer, but data on the expression of PLC isozymes other than γ₁ have not been reported. Furthermore, there have been no reports on the expression of PLC in lymphomas. In this study, we examined the patterns of PLC isozymes expression in normal lymph node and lymph node samples from 15 patients with malignant lymphoma by western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry. The levels of PLC-β₁ expression were found to be similar between tumor samples and normal lymph node. PLC-β₂ was found to be overexpressed in 12 lymphoma samples showing, marked increase in 4 and slightly increased patterns in 8. PLC-β₃ was abnormally expressed quantitatively and qualitatively in all the lymph nodes from lymphoma patients compared to the normal lymph node. PLC-b3 showed a strong overexpression pattern in the lymphoma tissues, and the mobility of this protein was slightly retarded in all samples on the SDS/polyacrylamide gel. There were no detectable changes in PLC-γ₁ or δ₁ expression, but PLC-γ overexpression was observed in 10 of 15 lymphoma samples. The fact that lymphoma tissues showed an overexpression of PLC-β₂, -β₃, and -γ₂ indicates that the alteration of the signal transduction pathway is associated with the pathogenesis of lymphoma.

[당선작] 홍은동 종합사회복지관

하만준 현대건축사 2002 월간 CONCEPT Vol.- No.42

한조건축사옥

하만준,Ha, Man-Jun 대한건축사협회 2004 建築士 Vol.2004 No.6

폐암에 있어서 세포주기조절 단백질의 이상

하만준,황성철,박광화,김현주 아주대학교 1997 아주의학 Vol.2 No.2

With the discovery of cyclins and cydin-dependent kinases (cdk), key regulators of cell cyde, it is now possible to test whether the deregulation of any or all of these molecules could lead to oncogenesis. Information regarding the dinical significance of the cyclins and cdks is beginning to unfold. It has been found that certain cyclins or cdks are overexpressed in some tumor tissues including liver, parathyroid, and breast cancer. However, data on the expression of cyclins or cdks in lung cancer have not been reported. In this study, we examined the expression of cydins and cdks in various primary lung cancer tissues by Western blot analysis to determine if there was an altered expression in those tissues. Human lung cancer tissues consisted of 16 adenocarcinomas, 18 squamous cell carcinomas, 2 small cell carcinomas, 1 large cell cardnoma, and 1 with sarcoma. Western blot analysis showed that the levels of cyclin A and B1, and cdk2 expression were not elevated as compared to normal tissues. However, overexpression of cyclin Dl (8/38, 21%), cdk4 (8/38, 21%), and cdc2 (12/38, 32%) was observed in cancer tissues as compared to normal tissues. The expression of cyclin E was higher in all the cancer tissues tested than in normal tissues. These data implicate dysregulated expression of several cyclin and cdk genes, particularly cyclin E, as a potential factor in the pathogenesis of lung cancer.

서울시 주상복합아파트의 건립지역에 따른 단지 경계부 특성 비교 연구

하만준(Ha, Man-Joon),여영호(Yeo, Young-Ho) 대한건축학회 2014 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.30 No.2

Since the IMF crisis, the mixed-use apartment complex had been in considerable demand from 2003 to 2006 and developed more within residential areas rather than commercial areas. This particular kind of development has become the source of various problems, defeating original purposes of the complex which were to prevent urban emptiness and commuting distance reducing. Thus, preceding studies focused on issues of mixed-use apartment complex infrastructures in Seoul and the varied problems inherent in different regional locations. This study will therefore comparatively examine the characteristics of boundary areas across those different regional locations which include downtown, suburbs, commercial and semi-residential areas. After thorough analysis, we shall propose better solutions to future mixed-use apartment developments in these areas. In doing this, we address four main issues of concern: First, an absolute shortage of parks, plazas and schools in downtown. Second, an absolute shortage of parks, plazas and schools in suburbs, a problem of small-scale development. Third, a shortage of infant caring facilities in commercial areas, another problem of small-scale development. And fourth, a shortage of transportation structures (road), parks, plazas and schools in the semi-residential areas. In other words, we shall state in this paper the importance of providing solutions to the obvious lack of transportation structures(road), parks, plazas and schools for mixed-use apartment complexes in downtown and semi-residential areas and to the lack of infant caring facilities, parks, plazas and schools in suburbs and commercial areas, areas that specifically necessitate the provision of complementary institutional measures for small-scale development.

서울시 주상복합아파트 주거(거주)특성 연구

하만준(Ha, Man-Joon) 한국주거학회 2020 한국주거학회 논문집 Vol.31 No.1

This study was designed to analyze the residential characteristics of the mixed-used apartment complex established as a new alternative in responding to the population concentration in Seoul caused by industrialization. In order to comprehend the current status of mixed-used apartment complexes the residential characteristics were divided into general and regional ones. In doing so, materials were collected through a survey and analyzed by employing a statistical program. The ultimate purpose of this study was to propose the necessary guidelines for the enhancement of the supply policy and institutional system regarding the mixed-use apartment complex in order to develop a new housing model in line with it in Seoul. Following the preliminary study on the internal and external characteristics of the mixed-use apartment complex, the post-occupancy evaluation on the characteristics of the mixed-use apartment complexes in downtown and uptown areas is expected to propose the development of a new model to assist customized policies for the housing supply of the Seoul metropolitan government. Also it is expected to be used as the base data for the supply plan of mixed-use apartment complexes in Seoul, especially for the development of detailed guidelines given the characteristics according to region and the supplement of related policies.

[당선작] 안성시립도서관

하만준(Ha, Man-joon),김성남(Kim, Seong-nam),서정일(Suh, Jeong-il) 현대건축사 2005 월간 CONCEPT Vol.- No.72

서울시 주상복합건물 단지 경계부 특성에 관한 연구

하만준(Ha Man-Joon),여영호(Yeo Young-Ho) 대한건축학회 2012 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.28 No.4

Since 1990, City of Seoul have enforced a policy which encourages a supply of mixed use apartment to solve the problems such as shortage of housing land, urban cavitation and traffic etc. So the city tried to develop easily the mixed use apartment with architectural permit only in commercial district and after 1994, permitted the mixed use apartment to the semi-residential district expanding the residential rate to 90%. It contributed the supply of mixed use apartment to some extent. However this kind of indiscretion supply might raise another urban issues unintentionally at borderland. So we are focusing on the architectural elements of borderland around to analyze a characteristics of urban location to mixed use apartment complex. With the analysis, it especially shows a shortage of infrastructure at small complex which are under 100 units and the small compelex has been intensively developed to the crowded housing area. This is not the original purpose of the city and it might obstruct the complex and urban function. It is very important to support the supply policy of mixed use apartment with proper solutions which can recover the urban and residential function.

쥐의 폐에서 방사선이 Nitric Oxide (NO), Nitric Oxide Synthase (NO) 및 TGF- $\beta$의 발현에 미치는 영향

오영택,박광주,길훈종,하만준,전미선,강승희,박성은,장세경,Oh Young-Taek,Park Kwang-Joo,Kil Hoon-Jong,Ha Mahn Joon,Chun Mison,Kang Seung-Hee,Park Seong-Eun,Chang Sei-Kyung 대한방사선종양학회 2000 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.18 No.4

목적: 방사선폐렴에서 NO가 염증반응을 매개하는 물질로 보고되고 있는데, 이때 유도형의 Nitric Oxide Synthase 2(NOS2) 가 주로 Nitric Oxide (NO) 생성에 관여하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 이 NOS2의 억제조절물질로 TGF-${\beta}$가 알려져 있으며, 최근에는 NO가 증가하면 TGF-${\beta}$의 활성이 증가하고 그에 따라 NOS2가 억제되어 NO의 생성이 억제되는 간섭기전(feedback mechanism)이 보고되어 있다. In vivo 동물모델에서 방사선조사 후에 NOS2 발현 및 NO 생성의 변화를 측정하고, 그에 따라 TGF-${\beta}$가 어떻게 변하는지를 관찰하고자 본 연구를 진행하였다. 대상 및 방법: Sprague-Bawler 쥐 60마리를 마취 후 5 Gy와 20 Gy의 방사선을 우측 폐에 조사하고 대조군은 위 조사를 시행하였다. 방사선조사 후 3일, 7일, 14일, 28일, 56일에 방사선 조사군(5 Gy, 20 Gy) 각 5마리와 대조군 2마리를 희생시키고, 희생시키기 전에 우측 페와 좌측 폐의 주기관지에서 각각 폐포 세척을 시행하여 폐포 세척액을 얻었다. 폐포 세척액에서 단백질과 세포 수를 측정한 후 원심 분리하여 상층액은 NO와 TGF-${\beta}$ 단백의 량을 측정하는데, 가라않은 페포 대식세포는 TGF-${\beta}$와 NOS2 mRNA의 RT-PCR을 위한 검체로 사용하였다. 결과: 방사선조사 후 5 Gy군에서는 NO띤 mRNA가 14일 째에 우측 폐에서 발현하였고, 28일 째에는 양족 폐에서, 56일 째에는 좌측 페에서 증가하였다. TGF-${\beta}$ mRNA는 계속 발현되었으나 28일 째에 발현이 감소하는 양상이었고 56일에는 좌측 폐에서 증가하였다. 페포세척액내의 NO는 28일 째 증가하였고, TGF-beta 단백의 양이 56일 째 좌측 폐에서 증가하였다. 20 Gy 군에서는 NOS2 mRNA는 5 Gy와 마찬가지로 14일주 째에 우측 페에서 발현하여 28일주 째에 양쪽 페에서 발현하고 56일 째에 양쪽 폐에서 강하게 발현하였다. TGF-${\beta}$ mRNA는 28일 째에 우측 폐에서 56일 째에 양측 폐에서 증가하였다. 폐포 세척액 내웨 NO의 양은 28일 째에 양쪽 폐에서 증가하였고, TGF-${\beta}$ 단백의 양은 우측 폐에서 28일 째 정점을 이루고, 56일 째에 좌측 폐에 비해 유의한 증가 양상을 보여주었다. 결론 : 방사선페렴의 동물모델에서 NO, NOS2 와 TGF-${\beta}$는 선량에 따라 약간의 차이가 있었지만 14일 째 우측 폐에서의 NOS2 mRNA의 발현을 시작으로 비교적 일관된 발현 양상을 보여 주었고 그에 따라 폐포세척액 내의 NO 및 TGF-${\beta}$ 단백의 양이 변하였다. 그러나 예상과는 달리 56일 째에는 NOS2와 TGF-${\beta}$가 모두 발현하여, 좀 더 많은 개체 수를 대상으로 장기간을 통해 발현 양상을 관찰할 필요성이 있으며, 이 연구를 바탕으로 NOS2 억제제를 사용하여 TGF-${\beta}$의 발현 양상에 어떤 변화가 오는지에 대한 연구가 필요하다고 평가되었다. Purpose :NOS2 induce NO Production and NO activate TGF-${\beta}$. The TGF-${\beta}$ is a inhibitor of NOS2. If this negative feedback mechanism operating in radiation pneumonitis model, NOS2 inhibitor may play a role in TGF-${\beta}$ suppression. We planned this study to evaluate the expression patterns of NO, NOS2 and TGF-${\beta}$ in vivo radiation pneumonitis model. Materials and Methods : Sixty sprague-Dawley rat were irradiated 5 Gy or 20 Gy. They were sacrificed 3, 7, 14, 28 and 56 days after irradiation. During sacrifice, we peformed broncho-alveolar lavage (BAL). The BAL fluids were centrifuged and supernatents were used for measure NO and TGF-${\beta}$, and the cells were used for RT-PCR. Results : After 5 Gy of radiation, NO in BAL fluid increased at 28 days in both lung and TGF-${\beta}$ in left lung at 56 days. NO increased in BAL fluid at 28 days in both lung after irradiation and TGF-${\beta}$ in right lung at 28-56 days after 20 Gy of radiation. After 5 Gy of radiation, NOS2 expression was increased in right lung at 14 days, in both lung at 28 days and in left lung at 56 days. TGF-${\beta}$ expression was reduced in both lung at 28 days and increased in left lung at 56 days. Conclusions :The Proposed feedback mechanism of NO, NOS2 and TGF-${\beta}$ was operated in vivo radiation pneumonitis model. At 56 days, however, NOS2 and TGF-${\beta}$ expressed concurrently in left lung after 5 Gy and in both lung after 20 Gy of radiation.