초·중등 음악교과 담당교사의 개별화 수업에 관한 인식 및 요구

최은식,신혜경,정진원 이화여자대학교 교과교육연구소 2014 교과교육학연구 Vol.18 No.1

학습자가 자기 주도적으로 지식을 형성해가는 현대의 구성주의교육에서 학습자의 개별적 특성의 수용은 교수-학습에 영향을 끼치는 중요한 요인으로 주목을 받아왔다. 이러한 맥락에서 본 연구는 학습자의 개인차를 수용하기 위한방법인 개별화 수업에 대한 초·중등 음악교과 담당교사의 인식 및 요구를 비교하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 본 연구의 방법은 조사연구이며, 설문 도구는 수업요인, 교사요인, 학생요인, 시설·환경요인, 학교 교육과정 편성·운영요인의 범주로 개발되었다. 연구대상은 음악교과 지도 경험이 있는 전국의 초등학교 교사와 중학교 음악교사 216명이었으며 분석 결과는 다음과 같았다. 첫째, 초등학교와 중학교 음악교과담당교사들은 음악수업 가치의 우선순위와 평가기준의 상세화정도, 평가의 우선순위에 대하여 인식의 차이를 보였다. 둘째, 개별화교수법의 활성화를 위한 교사증원과 교사전문성 지원 프로그램 확대에 대해서는 중학교 교사들의 요구가 초등학교 교사들에 비하여 더 높게 나타났다. 셋째, 학생들의 음악 수업에 대한 이해도는 초등학교 음악교과담당교사들이 중학교 음악교사들보다더 높게 인식하는 것으로 나타났다. 학생들의 개인차를 반영한 음악 수업자료는 중학교 음악교사들이 초등학교 교사들보다더 활발하게 사용하는 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 개별화 수업을 위한시설·환경적 요인에 대하여 중학교 음악교사의 요구가 초등학교 교사들의 요구보다 매우 높게 나타났다. 다섯째, 학교 교육과정 편성·운영요인에 관한 음악교과 담당교사들의 인식 및 요구를 비교한 결과는 다음과 같았다. 집중이수제는 초등학교보다 중학교 음악 수업에 매우 높은 비율로 시행되고 있었다. 음악 수업시수 확대에 대한 중학교 음악교사의 요구가 매우 높게 나타났다. 개별화 수업의 활성화를 위한 국가차원의 행정 및 재정지원에 대하여 중학교 음악교사들의 요구가 초등학교 교사들보다 더 높은 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 개별화음악 수업에 대한 현장 교사의 관점을 수용한 연구로서 추후 음악교과 관련 정책수립 시 학교급별 차이를 반영할 필요를 시사한다. The purpose of this study was to compare elementary and secondary music teachers’perceptions and needs with respect to differentiated instruction. The researchers developed a questionnaire to examine the factors of instruction, teacher, learner, learning environment, school curriculum, and policy. The participants in this survey were 216 elementary and middle school music teachers nationwide. Based on the survey results, the conclusions were as follows: first, the elementary and secondary music teachers showed differences in their perspectives regarding the value of instruction and the priority of assessment and evaluation. The secondary music teachers created more detailed evaluation criteria, which considered students’ individual differences, than the elementary teachers. Second, the secondary music teachers demonstrated more interest in opportunities for the teacher professional development such as workshops related to differentiated instruction than elementary teachers. They also showed stronger needs for an increase in the number of music teachers than the elementary teachers. Third, the elementary teachers strongly felt that their students understood the content of instruction compared to the secondary music teachers. The secondary music teachers applied teaching and learning materials that reflected students’ individual differences more than the elementary teachers. Fourth, the secondary music teachers showed stronger needs for constructing networks based on the local resources and for centers for music instruction that supported differentiated music instruction. Lastly, in consideration of the differences in their students’individual musical abilities, the secondary music teachers indicated a stronger necessity for increasing class hours for music, as well as political and financial support.

충남대학교병원 마취발전의 경향에 관한 분석 : 1967년부터 - 1996년까지 from 1967 to 1996

최세진,김상수,정규돈,윤석화,신용섭,손수창,이원형,김혜자,이정은 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1998 충남의대잡지 Vol.25 No.2

To evaluate the specificity and historical trends of the anesthesia in Chungnam National University Hospital, anesthetic experiences of 83,572 in total performed at Chungnam National University Hospital from January 1967 to December 1996 were analyzed statistically and clinically according to age, sex, surgical department, physical status, elective and emergency surgery, premedicants, IV anesthetics, anesthetic methods, inhalational anesthetics, muscle relaxants. The results were as follows : 1. The number of cases has been steadily increased year by year. 2. The ratio of male to female was 52.8% : 47.2%. 3. According to the age, There were 44,905 cases (54%) in the group of 13-45 years. 4. According to the ASA classification of physical status, most of the cases were belonged to the class 1 & 2 (72.5%). 5. The ratio of elective to emergency was 79.4% to 20.6%. 6. Recently, glycopyrrolate has been used increasingly. 7. Thiopental sodium has been mainly used for intravenous induction agent. 8. General anesthesia has been used mainly. 9. Enflurane is the most common inhalational anesthetic agent. but Isoflurane has been used increasingly. 10. Most of muscle relaxants are Pancuronium & Vecuronium(84.5%).

한국인에서 구강상피세포를 이용한 발암물질 대사효소의 유전자 다형성에 관한 연구

최민아,박해준,정원윤,이재원,이정복,박광균 대한암예방학회 2002 Journal of cancer prevention Vol.7 No.3

망상피부이식과 양막을 병용한 광범위 화상처치의 임상적 효과

최해곤,이택호,이종원 大韓成形外科學會 1985 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.12 No.1

The primary surgical objective in treatment of burn wound is to eliminate the damaged tissue and close the wound promptly so that the septic, metabolic, and functional effects that accompany an open colonized wounds will be avoided. It is difficult to apply this principle to deep and extensive burns, however, because of delays imposed by a physiologic-limit to the area of eschar that can be safely excised at one operation and because of lack of sufficient unburned donor sites to provide closure of the wounds with autograft. The mesh grafts in which skin could be stretched from 1½times to 9 times its original size have been made to obtain maximum coverage from minimal donor sites, but the pain and oozing can not be controlled until the epithelization covers the raw surfaces of the meshed graft. These problems have stimmulated the search for the biological dressings with amniotic membrane on mesh graft that simulate partial thickness burn, which provide comparable beneficial local and general physiologic effects. In our personal experience of eight cases, this form of treatment of deep and extensive burns has proved the more effective and practical method.

고농도 용액의 침지시 감자 절편의 탈수모델에 관한 연구

최동원,신해헌 한국식품영양학회 1999 韓國食品營養學會誌 Vol.12 No.6

감자절편를 고농도용애에 침지하여 탈수시킨 결과 침지용액을 구성하는 용질의 분자량에 따라 탈수 형태가 다르게 나타났다. 저분자 용액 인 NaCl. PEG 400 용액에 침지만 경우 조직의 뒤틀림현상(cytorrhysis)은 나타나지 않고 부피의 감소와 수분의 탈수현상이 나타난 반면 고분자 용액인 PEG 4000, PEG 6000용액에 침지한 경우cytorrhysis 현상을 동반한 부피의 감소와 탈수현상이 나타났다. 초기 탈수속도는 저분자용액에 침지시 더 빨랐으나 최종 탈수량은 고분자 용액에 침지시 더 컸다. 고장성 용액에 감자절편을 침지시켜 탈수되는 기작이 두가지 압력(삼투압, 분자압착력)에 의해 진행된다고 가정하고 모델을 제안하여 검정한 결과 제안된 모델은 고분자 용액에 침지시의 탈수현상을 설명하는데 적합하였다 모델에서 구해진 압력인자(ΔP)와 농도인자(a)는 온도(T)와 농도(C)의 함수로 표현되며 계수의 탄력성 검정결과 농도에대한 의존성이 더 큰 것으로 나타났다. To investigate the effect of molecular size of solute of solution where which potato slices were soaked. In the case of soaking in low molecular solution like NaCl and polyethylene glycol(PEG)400 solution only plasmolysis was observed. However in high molecular solution like PEG4000 and PEG6000, cytorrhysis was observed. Initial dewatering rate was faster when soaked in low molecular solution but total amount of removed water was larger in high molecular solution. Suggested model fitted well dewatering phenomena when soaked in high molecular solution. Pressure factor and concentration factor was more dependent on concentration of soaking solution than soaking temperature.

ESI-K의 타당화를 위한 기초연구

손원경,최혜진 부산대학교 영유아보육연구소 2002 영유아보육연구 Vol.8 No.-

The purpose of this study was to examine validation of the Early Screening Inventory-Kindergarten(ESI-K). The subjects of this study were 139children ranged from 4(1/2)years old to 6 years old and selected from 4 kindergartens and 3 day care centers in Pusan. Tests used for this study were the ESI-K and DDST. The ESI-K is developmental screening instrument which is consisted of 24 items covering three sub-areas such as visual-motor/adaptive, language & cognition, and gross motor. The score can be classified as "OK", "Rescreen" and "Refer". Children who get "OK" is presumed to be developing normally. Children who get "Rescreen" should have ESI-K readministered in 6 to 8 weeks. Children who get "Refer" should be refered immediately for more thorough assessment. The results of this study are as follows: First, the range of the ESI-K item difficulty was from 33.8 to 97.1% and older children tended to perform better on the items than younger children. The ESI-K items discriminated between upper group and the lower group. Second, the Cronbach a was .71. Inter-scorer reliability was .97. The correlations between total score and subarea were .74, .82, .73(p<.01). It is concluded that the ESI-K, with minor modifications, can be used as a valid and reliable developmental screening instrument.

우편 집중국 수구분 작업 개선에 대한 연구

이해원,김인수,김혜규,최호식,김기동 江原大學校 産業技術硏究所 2004 産業技術硏究 Vol.24 No.A

Recently, the public postal service of Korea confronts with business environment changes such as the opening of postal market and appearance of the domestic competitive enterprises. It is the current state that the public postal service of Korea should have a competitive edge by the productivity improvement of business processes. In this paper, we proposed new working tables for manual letter sorting which is one of the important process in mail center. We suggested standard working method and standard time in a mail center Based on these, we established the procedure for setting up a fair day's work in other mail centers. By the result of this research, we expect that the productivity of the mail sorting operation will be increased.

5-Fluorouracil과 그 유도체를 함유하는 Solid Lipid Nanoparticles 제조와 평가

서혜선,최명신,한규원,박소민,김길수 이화여자대학교 약학연구소 2005 藥學硏究論文集 Vol.- No.16

Solid lipid nanoparticles(SLNs) are particulate systems for parenteral drug administration and have good biocompatibility and stability. SLNs were prepared with lauric acid, as the lipid core. Tween 20 and tween 80 were used as surfactant. 5-fluorouracil and 1-benzoyl-5-fluorouracil were used as model drugs. Drug-loaded SLNs were prepared by the hot homogenization technique in order to evaluate the physical stability, entrapment efficiency of drugs as well as release profile. The particle size of SLNs was 40~600 nm. By increasing speed, the mean particle size of SLfs was decreased. And entrapment efficiency in the case of using 1-Benzoyl-5-fluorouracil was higher than using 5-Fluorouracil. The higher surfactant concentration, the faster release rate at the range of 1.5~2.5%.

연속회분식 반응기를 이용한 축산 폐수의 생물학적 고도 처리 운전 인자 도출에 관한 연구

김창원,최명원,이해군,이해일,하지연 부산대학교 환경문제연구소 1998 環境硏究報 Vol.16 No.-

축산폐수는 고농도의 유기탄소 뿐만아니라 영양염류를 포함하는 대표적인 고농도 폐수이며 적절히 처리되어지지 못할 경우 심각한 담수의 부영양화와 연안의 적조를 야기할 수 있다. 이러한 축산폐수를 보다 경제적이며 기술적으로 처리하기 위해 본 연구에서는 연속회분식반응기(SBR)을 이용한 축산폐수의 고도처리에 적용할 수 있는 운전인자와 운전기법을 연구하였다. 초기 암모니아와 유기탄소부하를 달리하며 정해진 주기로 운전하는 네 가지 전형적인 회분식 실험과 원수를 연속으로 주입하면서 간헐 폭기로 운전하는 세 가지의 변형회분식 반응 실험을 통하여 전형적인 SBR에서 비 질산화 속도에 가장 많은 영향을 미치는 인자가 초기 pH 와 유리 암모니움 농도이며 최적 초기 암포니아성 비 질소 부하율은 0.1 ~ 0.15 kg NH_4^+-N /kg VSS 근처이며 이때 비 질산화율은 0.06 kgNH_4-N/ kg MLVSS·day로 관찰되었으며, 변형 SBR로 운전하는 경우 최소 35%에서 최대 65% 까지 탈질용 외부기질 주입량을 절감할 수 있었다. Piggery wastewater is a representative of high strength wastewater which contents not only high concentration organic carbon but also nutrients. From this reason piggery wastewater could be cause a serious eutrophication of fresh water and red tide in coastal areas if not properly treated. In this study to treat these piggery wastewater technically and more economically, the operation parameters and methods for advanced treatment using Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR) were investigated. Four sets of experiments were conducted on laboratory scale typical SBR (Fill in a time) with fixed cycle and different till ratio to evaluate most proper initial loading of organic carbon and nitrogen and three sets of experiments on laboratory scale inodified SBR (Fill continuously) with intermittent aeration. As results the nitrification rate was most sensitively affected by intial pH and free ammonia concentration and in typical SBR operation most profit initial specific nitrogen loading were investigate around 0.1~0.15kg NH_4^+-N /kg VSS and in this range the average specific nitrification rate was 0.06 kg NH_4-N/ kg MLVSS·day. And in modified SBR operation with most profit specific nitrogen loading rate the cost of external denitrification cost were saved minimum 35% to maximum 65% each experimental sets.

標準衣服原型設計法에 關한 硏究(Ⅰ) : 婦人服 길·소매·스커트 原型設計 Patterns of Bodice , Sleeve and Skirt

林元子,崔海珠 한국의류학회 1988 한국의류학회지 Vol.12 No.1

The purpose of this study was to develop pattern drafting methods of bodice, sleeve and skirt for Korean women at the age of 18 to 34. The study procedures and results were as follows; 1. 305 women aged 18 to 34 were measured on 49 items. 56 items including 49 measured and 7 calculated items were analyzed statistically. 2. New pattern drafting methods were developed based on the results of the data analysis. Basic shells constructed from the patterns were examined through fitting tests for completion. 3. The sensory test was applied to evaluate the new pattern for women by comparing it with one of the most used conventional patterns. An original rating scale was developed and used for the evaluation. According to a statistical analysis of the result of the 53 items on the questionnaire, all the items showed significant difference (α∠=0.01 or a∠=0.05) between the two, with the new pattern having higher scores. The new drafting method proved to be better fitted at all 53 items, and to be comfortable.